Answer:
The correct sequence is:III) Antigenic determinants from pathogen bind to antigen receptors on lymphocytes.
IV) Lymphocytes specific to antigenic determinants from pathogen become numerous.
II) Lymphocytes secrete antibodies.
I) Pathogen is destroyed.
V) Only memory cells remain.
Explanation:
Effective resistance against infection is essential for the development and functioning of the mammalian organism, and for it to be effective, multiple defense systems must be available. In order to meet these objectives, the body has developed a complex system of overlapping and interrelated defense mechanisms, which together can destroy or control almost all invaders.III) Antigenic determinants from pathogen bind to antigen receptors on lymphocytes. It consists of the binding of the foreign antigen to the specific receptors existing on the membrane of mature lymphocytes. The B lymphocytes that mediate humoral immunity express antibody molecules on their surface, which bind to foreign proteins, polysaccharides or lipids in their soluble form; T lymphocytes, responsible for cellular immunity, express so-called T cell receptors (TCR), which recognize small sequences of antigenic peptides.
IV) Lymphocytes specific to antigenic determinants from pathogen become numerous.II) Lymphocytes secrete antibodies.
Activation phase: sequence of events that occur in lymphocytes as a result of specific antigen recognition. All lymphocytes undergo two fundamental changes: a) proliferation: expansion of antigen-specific clones and amplification of the protective response, in which the CD4 T lymphocyte, capable of activating CD8 B and T lymphocytes, assumes a preponderant role; b) differentiation: stage in which effector cells and memory cells are formed. The first produce various substances that can interact with the antigen, such as antibodies and lymphokines; the second are partially differentiated lymphocytes, that is, they do not become effector cells.
I) Pathogen is destroyed.
In this phase, the T lymphocytes differentiated into effector cells migrate to the sites of attack, where they carry out their functions of eliminating pathogens, while the B lymphocytes perform them in the peripheral organs themselves.
V) Only memory cells remain.
One of the most important consequences of the adaptive immune response is the establishment of the state of immunological memory, which lies in the ability of the immune system to respond more quickly and efficiently to microorganisms that have previously infected the host and it reflects the preexistence of a clonally expanded population of antigen-specific lymphocytes. We call, therefore, the immune response that the organism gives when it comes into contact for the first time with a foreign agent and from which a series of events derives that include nonspecific innate defense mechanisms and adaptive response mechanisms, if the pathogen manages to survive the first ones.
Which of the following would likely lead to competition between the same species?.
A. Needing the same biotic factors
B. Needing the same abiotic factors
C. Having the same niche in a habitat
D. All of the bove
Answer:
D.
Explanation:
All of these reasons can be factors for competetion between the same species. one usual factor is when there are two groups of wolves and one small supply of their food source, this would lead to competetion between both groups for the source of food.
how names and zodiacs affect who people are and how they look
The seasonal elements of ancient astrology are as follows: Spring (wet becoming hot) – Air – Gemini, Libra, Aquarius. Summer (hot becoming dry) – Fire – Aries, Leo, Sagittarius. Autumn (dry becoming cold) – Earth – Taurus, Virgo, Capricorn.
Why are silent mutations possible for some of the amino acids?
Answer:
That's possible because proteins are encoded by "triplets" of nucleotides, each responsible for adding a particular amino acid to the protein chain. A change in one nucleotide, however, doesn't always change the triplet's meaning; the mutated triplet may still add the same amino acid.
Explanation:
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Why does the grass look green under sunlight and black under the moonlight?
Answer: The original colour of grass is green because of photosynthesis. But in terms of reflection, it looks green because the sunlight reflects the green colour off the grass, so we see it as green.
Explanation: Sun appears white, but it is made up of the colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. When white light hits an object, it absorbs some colors and reflect the others. Grass appears green because it absorbs all the wavelengths except green. Green is reflected off the grass, so we see grass as green. The moon doesn’t have light of its own, the moon lights up because of the sun. So at night, as the light of the sun doesn't reach the grass directly because of the moon, it doesnt reflect any color off the grass, and so our eyes detect grass as black.
what system carries auxin to move to the darker side?
Vascular system.
Phototropisms are caused by an unequal distribution of auxin. This makes the plant grow either towards or away from the light, depending on which part of the plant receives the light.
In a stem, the cells on the shaded side contain more auxin and grow longer than the cells on the light side. This causes the stem to grow towards the light. It is vital to note that the plant does NOT bend towards the light.
Phototropisms are a result of an unequal distribution of auxin. This makes the plant develop both in the direction of or far from the mild, relying on which part of the plant gets the mild.
In a stem, the cells at the shaded aspect comprise greater auxin and develop longer than the cells at the mild aspect. This reasons the stem to develop in the direction of the mild. It is crucial to be aware that the plant does NOT bend in the direction of the mild.
What are auxins?Auxins are a category of plant hormones (or plant-boom regulators) with a few morphogen-like characteristics. Auxins play a cardinal position in the coordination of many boom and behavioral procedures in plants cycles and are important for plant frame development.
Thus it is clear that the system that carries auxin to move to the darker side is the vascular system.
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What is the type of relationship between a rabbit and a leopard?
Answer:
Prey and Predator
Explanation:
rabbit is the prey and leopard is the predator
Answer:
Parisitism.
Explanation:
Im pretty sure the answer is parasitism because the Leopard would feed on the rabbit, meaning the leopard benifits while the rabbit would be harmed.
What did you include in your response? Check all that apply Longitudinal and transverse waves are mechanical waves, so they both carry energy through particles of matter. Longitudinal waves are waves that transfer energy parallel to the direction of wave motion. Transverse waves are waves that transfer energy perpendicular to the direction of wave motion.
Answer:
Longitudinal waves are waves that transfer energy parallel to the direction of wave motion.
Transverse waves are waves that transfer energy perpendicular to the direction of wave motion.
Explanation:
First of all, transverse waves are not mechanical waves at all. Longitudinal waves are mechanical waves.
Longitudinal waves are waves that transfer energy parallel to the direction of wave motion. A typical example of longitudinal waves is wave on a spiral spring.
Transverse waves are waves that transfer energy perpendicular to the direction of wave motion. A typical example of a transverse wave is light wave and other electromagnetic waves.
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?
A Photosynthesis produces water, while respiration does not. .
B. Respiration requires sunlight, while photosynthesis does not.
C. Photosynthesis produces oxygen, and oxygen is required for respiration
D. Respiration produces glucose, and glucose is required for photosynthesis iser
Answer:
c.
Explanation:
That be your answer mate.
Answer:
the correct answer is c
Explanation:
Photosynthesis converts carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose. Glucose is used as food by the plant and oxygen is a by-product. Cellular respiration converts oxygen and glucose into water and carbon dioxide. Water and carbon dioxide are by- products and ATP is energy that is transformed from the process.
What is one result of the convection currents in Earth's outer core?
a
Erosion
b
Earth's magnetic field
c
Earth's gravity
d
The melting of the polar ice caps
Answer: b. Earth's magnetic field
Explanation:
Due to sun damage, a skin cell acquired a mutation in DNA sequence in a gene essential for cell survival. This mutation, however, was not passed on to the offspring of the organism. Which explanation best accounts for this observation?
Answer:
Only mutations in reproductive cells can be passed from parents to offspring.
Explanation:
A gene carries the ________ for a trait.
A) Equipment
B) Instructions
C) Materials
D) Protection
Answer:
Materials
Explanation:
alaltion
(6) biridity
Inheritance
d) resemblance
2. The tendency of offspring to differ from parents is calle
2. The tendency of offspring to differ from parents is called inheritance
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Name the carbohydrate which forms cell wall
Answer:
Cellulose
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Match the following vocabulary words. 1.ciliary musclesA transparent liquid which is located between the cornea and iris. 2.optic nerveMuscles attached to the lens to change its shape 3.coneA photoreceptor cell which functions best in bright light. It detects color. 4.vitreous humorThe transparent portion of the sclera at the front of the eye 5.retinaA special part of the choroid layer composed of colorful tissue 6.rodThe nerve connecting the eye to the brain 7.aqueous humorSpecialized cells located in the retina that receive light images 8.scleraA delicate light-sensitive membrane covering the inside of the eyeball 9.irisA photoreceptor cell which is sensitive to dim light, but detects no color10.corneaA fibrous material surrounding the eye to give it shape11.photoreceptorA transparent jellylike substance filling the eyeball
Answer:
1. Aqueous humor.
2. Ciliary muscles.
3. Cone.
4. Cornea.
5. Iris.
6. Optic nerve.
7. Photoreceptor.
8. Retina.
9. Rod.
10. Sclera.
11. Vitreous humor.
Explanation:
A sensory system can be defined as components of the central nervous system (CNS) which comprises of the brain, neural tissues or pathways and sensory neurons responsible for sensory functions, perception and processing sensory informations such as sound, light, heat, etc.
Basically, the central nervous system (CNS) interprete the neural signals that are generated from stimuli that are detected by the sensory system. The five (5) main sense organs in the sensory system are: skin, tongue, ears, nose and the eyes.
An eye can be defined as a specialized organ of sight with the capability to receive visual images that are subsequently transduced into neural signals and relayed to the brain for processing and interpretation. Some of the components of the human eye matched with their description are;
1. Aqueous humor: a transparent liquid which is located between the cornea and iris.
2. Ciliary muscles: muscles attached to the lens to change its shape.
3. Cone: a photoreceptor cell which functions best in bright light. It detects color.
4. Cornea: the transparent portion of the sclera at the front of the eye.
5. Iris: a special part of the choroid layer composed of colorful tissue.
6. Optic nerve: the nerve connecting the eye to the brain.
7. Photoreceptor: specialized cells located in the retina that receive light images.
8. Retina: a delicate light-sensitive membrane covering the inside of the eyeball.
9. Rod: a photoreceptor cell which is sensitive to dim light, but detects no color.
10. Sclera: a fibrous material surrounding the eye to give it shape.
11. Vitreous humor: a transparent jellylike substance filling the eyeball.
Answer:
1. A transparent liquid which is located between the cornea and iris - aqueous humor
2. Muscles attached to the lens to change its shape - ciliary muscles
3. A photoreceptor cell which functions best in bright light, it detects color - cone
4. The transparent portion of the sclera at the front of the eye - cornea
5. A special part of the choroid layer composed of colorful tissue - iris
6. The nerve connecting the eye to the brain - optic nerve
7. Specialized cells located in the retina that receive light images - photoreceptor
8. A delicate light-sensitive membrane covering the inside of the eyeball - retina
9. A photoreceptor cell which is sensitive to dim light, but detects no color - rod
10. A fibrous material surrounding the eye to give it shape - sclera
11. A transparent jellylike substance filling the eyeball - vitreous humor
How does your nose filter the incoming air?
Answer:
Air enters through the nostrils of the nose and is partially filtered by the nose hairs, then flows into the nasal cavity. The nasal cavity is lined with epithelial tissue, containing blood vessels, which help warm the air; and secrete mucous, which further filters the air
Explanation:
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Answer:
Homeostasis
Explanation:
Homeostasis is the process which maintains the temperature level of our body.
41 points and BRAINIEST 11. A species of rodent can either have brown fur or white fur. Brown fur is recessive and white fur is dominant. Which of the following would cause the rodent population to not be in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium? (2 points) Situation In Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium? Brown fur allows rodents to hide more easily White fur attracts mates better. Rodents cannot leave or enter their habitat The rodents mate randomly, The rodents mutate a new allele for gray hair
( I don't understand what to write in the box thing)
Answer:
i think yes in 3 4 5 not in 1 2. It's asking if the genetic situation applies to the hardy equillibrium.
Explanation:
The electron transport chain produces much more ATP than glycolysis or the Krebs Cycle but it needs them to happen in order to take place. How do the first two steps make the last one possible?
Answer:
there is a link
Explanation:
glycolysis produces pyruvate which feeds into the krebs cycle
krebs cycle also generates redox agents(NADH and FADH2) needed in the etc
Earth and Venus are almost identical....
Answer:
earth will have longer !!!
A plant shows incomplete dominance in size. A tall plant (TT) is crossed with a medium plant (Tt).
What percentage of the plants will be tall?
Answer:
T t
T TT Tt
T TT Tt
Explanation:
GIVING BRAINLIEST> NEED HELP
Do the plants and animals on a farm make up an ecosystem? Why or why not?
Answer:
Yes they do
Explanation:
Animals and plants make up a ecosystem because the animals feed off the plants and the animals feed off of other animals.
Answer:
All living things in ecosystems are part of a food chain. A food chain is how energy is passed between things. farms are ecosystems. Farmers work with crops, animals, soils, and the weather to grow our food.
Explanation:
Examine the image that shows the folds in the lining of the small intestine. Which of the statements best describes the interaction between the small intestine and another organ based on the model shown here?
Answer: It’s C.) The increased surface area to volume ratio of the small intestine allows for the absorption of materials into the bloodstream more efficiently.
Explanation:
Which of the following elements are found in ALL four biomolecules? Select all of the correct answer choices.
Carbon
Helium
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Answer:
everything but Helium and Phosphorous
Explanation:
If data for the growth of this bacterial population continued to be recorded, would the data point at 60 hours be above or below 37 million? Support your answer.
Answer:
Above 37 million
Explanation:
Explanation in picture below
Growth of bacterial cultures is defined as an increase in the number of bacteria in a population rather than an increase in the size of individual cells.
Thus, Bacterial population growth occurs geometrically or exponentially: in each division cycle (generation), one cell produces 2 cells, then 4 cells, then 8 cells, then 16, then 32, etc.
The relationship shows that the average generation time is constant and the growth rate of the bacterial population is proportional to the number of bacteria at any given time.
This relationship is valid only during the period when the population grows exponentially, ie. in the logarithmic phase of growth. Therefore, graphs showing the growth of bacterial cultures are plotted as the logarithm of the number of cells.
Thus, Growth of bacterial cultures is defined as an increase in the number of bacteria in a population rather than an increase in the size of individual cells.
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In this phase, two nuclear membranes are reforming and the cytoplasm starts dividing.
Answer: Cytokinesis
Explanation:
the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.
How do changes to genes affect the traits of an organism
Changes to genes affect the traits of an organism, as genes have the capability to regulate the organism's function, and the genes can regulate the expression of proteins, which regulate the organism's phenotypic and genotypic expression.
What is the significance of the genes or the traits?Changes in the genes can affect humans in several ways, such as through genetic mutations that result in changes to the regulation of gene expression and result in the addition or loss of entire genes from the organism. Not all of the genetic mutations lead to expressiable changes, but they may change the protein sequence by changing the polypeptide sequence.
Hence, changes to genes affect the traits of an organism, as genes have the capability to regulate the organism's function, and the genes can regulate the expression of proteins, which regulate the organism's phenotypic and genotypic expression.
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Look at the diagram.
Which two structures are first to combine in translation?
20004
• 1 and 2
• 3 and 4
• 2 and 3
• 1 and 4
Answer:
2 and 3
Explanation:
which are the tRNA with anticodons and the amino acids
How do your results demonstrate independent assortment?
Answer:
with your big toe treyyyyyy
Explanation:
Which of the following is the best summary for the function of the kidney?
A.
The kidney processes blood, sending nutrients to the bladder to be removed.
B.
The kidney filters the blood, keeping nutrients and getting rid of wastes.
C.
The kidney stores the blood so that it can use the nutrients.
D.
The kidney receives the used blood of the body and sends it all to the bladder.
Answer:
B.
Explanation:
How do sensory nerves differ in function from motor nerves?
A. The CNS controls sensory nerves and the PNS controls motor nerves.
B. Sensory nerves carry information to the CNS, and the motor nerves carry information away from the CNS.
C. Sensory nerves carry information away from CNS, and motor nerves carry information to the CNS.
D. The PNS controls the sensory nerves and the CNS controls motor nerves.
please help!!!
Answer:
B.
Explanation:
When you touch something the sensory nerves carry it to the brain while your motor nerves tell you to touch it. So being carried to and from. I also got it right on the quiz.
Sensory nerves carry information to the CNS, and the motor nerves carry information away from the CNS. Therefore, the correct statement is option B.
What is central nervous system?The central nervous system (CNS) includes the brain and the spinal cord responsible for processing information received from peripheral nervous system (PNS) to generate appropriate responses. The brain is the most complex organ of the CNS, carries various functions, including sensation, perception, movement, etc.
Sensory nerves transmit information from sensory receptors, such as those in the skin, muscles, etc. to central nervous system (CNS) and sensory nerves are activated by various types of stimuli.
Motor nerves transmit signals from the CNS to muscles, and other effectors throughout the body. These signals are responsible for activation of muscle contractions, produce movements, and other responses.
Therefore, sensory and motor nerves both work together to perform physiological functions where sensory nerves carry information to the CNS, and the motor nerves carry information away from the CNS.
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