Which method would you use to separate sand and salt and water?

Conventional direction is from positive terminal to negative terminal and this is the direction of the electric field within the wire.

Single cell or other power source is represented by long and short parallel line. Collection of cells or battery is represented by collection of long and short parallel lines.

In electrochemical cell, higher positive potential is cathode, therefore conventional current direction is from cathode to anode through conductor (metallic path) and from anode to the cathode in electrolyte

In an electric circuit, battery is charge pump which pumps charge through battery from location of low electric potential energy (the - terminal) to location of high electric potential energy (the + terminal). The battery does not supply electric charge as the charge is already in the wire.

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The tubules in the kidney that transport urine from the nephrons to the ureter are called renal tubules.  The negatively charged ion that is reabsorbed by renal tubules is HCO3-.

The renal tubule is comprised of the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule. The reabsorption and secretion of electrolytes and water from the tubular fluid happen here. The proximal convoluted tubule is a part of the nephron in the kidney, it reabsorbs nutrients and water from the filtrate before it passes to the loop of Henle.

The loop of Henle is a U-shaped part of the renal tubule that is responsible for generating concentration gradients in the interstitial fluids of the renal medulla. Finally, the distal convoluted tubule is responsible for acid-base regulation through the reabsorption of bicarbonate ions and secretion of protons into the tubular fluid.

HCO3- is a bicarbonate ion that acts as a buffer in the body, helping to maintain the pH of the blood within a normal range. It is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule and secreted in the distal tubule, depending on the pH of the urine.

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To make a buffer of pH 8.50 with 1.00 L of 0.200 M ammonia, you need to dissolve 5.6 g of solid ammonium chloride.

This can be calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

pH = pKa + log ( [salt]/[acid] )

8.50 = 9.25 + log ( [NH4Cl]/[NH3] )

[NH4Cl]/[NH3] = 10^(pH-pKa)

[NH4Cl]/[NH3] = 10^(8.50-9.25)

[NH4Cl]/[NH3] = 10^(-0.75)

[NH4Cl] = [NH3] * 10^(-0.75)

[NH4Cl] = 0.200 M * 1.00 L * 10^(-0.75)

[NH4Cl] = 0.158 M

Mass of NH4Cl = 0.158 M * (5.6 g/mol) * 1.00 L

Mass of NH4Cl = 5.6 g

Hence, To make a buffer of pH 8.50 with 1.00 L of 0.200 M ammonia, you need to dissolve 5.6 g of solid ammonium chloride.

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The volume of concentrated HCl solution needed to make 11.10 L of an HCl solution with a pH of 1.70 is 9.41 mL.

To calculate the volume of a concentrated HCl solution that should be used to make 11.10 L of an HCl solution with a pH of 1.70, the following steps should be followed:

Step 1: Determine the molarity of HCl in the final solutionThe pH of the solution is given as 1.70. This means that the concentration of H3O+ ions in the solution is 0.020 M (since pH + pOH = 14 and pOH = 14 - pH = 14 - 1.70 = 12.30; [H3O+] = 10-pH).

Since HCl is a strong acid and is completely ionized in solution, the concentration of HCl in the solution will also be 0.020 M.

Step 2: Calculate the number of moles of HCl needed to make 11.10 L of a 0.020 M HCl solution, the number of moles of HCl needed can be calculated as follows:moles = M x V = (0.020 M) x (11.10 L) = 0.222 mol

Step 3: Determine the mass of HCl needed to calculate the mass of HCl needed, we need to use the molarity and density of the concentrated HCl solution. Since the solution is 36.0% HCl by mass, this means that it contains 36.0 g HCl per 100 g of solution.

Therefore, the mass of HCl in 1 L of the solution is: mass of HCl = (36.0 g HCl / 100 g solution) x (1000 mL / 1 L) x (1 L) = 360 g HCl/L.

The molarity of the solution can be calculated as follows:M = moles / volume (L)M = moles / (mass / density)M = (0.222 mol) / (mass / density)0.020 M = (0.222 mol) / (mass/density)mass / density = (0.222 mol) / (0.020 M)mass / density = 11.10 gmass = 11.10 g x (1 mL / 1.179 g) = 9.41 mL

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Explanation:

could you post the text? its inconvenient to go back and forth to the picture.

Based on the scientific background provided, the jewelry found could potentially be made of either aluminum or iron. In order to determine the identity of the metal, a sample of the jewelry was reacted with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to observe the resulting chemical reaction.

There are four different types of chemical reactions: synthesis reactions, decomposition reactions, single displacement reactions, and double displacement reactions. The reaction between the metal jewelry and sulfuric acid is a single displacement reaction, also known as a redox reaction. This is because the reaction involves the transfer of electrons from the metal to the hydrogen in the sulfuric acid.

The chemical equation for the reaction between the metal and sulfuric acid is:

Metal + H2SO4 → Metal sulfate + H2

If the metal is iron, the product produced is iron (III) sulfate (Fe2(SO4)3) and hydrogen gas (H2). If the metal is aluminum, the product produced is aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) and hydrogen gas (H2).

To calculate the amount of product produced, we need to use stoichiometry. Assuming the metal is iron, the molar mass of iron is 55.85 g/mol and the molar mass of iron (III) sulfate is 399.88 g/mol. Therefore, the theoretical yield of iron (III) sulfate from 10.0 g of iron is:

10.0 g Fe × (1 mol Fe / 55.85 g Fe) × (1 mol Fe2(SO4)3 / 2 mol Fe) × (399.88 g Fe2(SO4)3 / 1 mol Fe2(SO4)3) = 357.67 g Fe2(SO4)3

Similarly, if the metal is aluminum, the molar mass of aluminum is 26.98 g/mol and the molar mass of aluminum sulfate is 342.15 g/mol. Therefore, the theoretical yield of aluminum sulfate from 10.0 g of aluminum is:

10.0 g Al × (1 mol Al / 26.98 g Al) × (1 mol Al2(SO4)3 / 2 mol Al) × (342.15 g Al2(SO4)3 / 1 mol Al2(SO4)3) = 634.97 g Al2(SO4)3

During the reaction, scientists can expect to see bubbling as hydrogen gas is produced. They can also observe the color and texture of the metal before and after the reaction to help determine its identity. Once the product of the reaction is identified as either iron (III) sulfate or aluminum sulfate, the identity of the metal can be determined.

In conclusion, the reaction between the metal jewelry and sulfuric acid is a single displacement reaction. Assuming the metal is iron, the product produced is iron (III) sulfate, and if the metal is aluminum, the product produced is aluminum sulfate. Using stoichiometry, the theoretical yield of each product can be calculated. Scientists can observe the reaction and the resulting product to determine the identity of the metal.

Answer: 1.93 M

Explanation:

Molarity is Moles / Liters

1.45/0.75 L

Both the common nomenclature and the IUPAC nomenclature are used to name chemical compounds. Common nomenclature: Determine the type of chemical compound. IUPAC nomenclature: Determine the type of chemical substance.

Common nomenclature refers to the use of common or traditional names to describe chemical compounds, while IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) nomenclature is a standardized system of naming chemical compounds based on their chemical structure and properties.

Common nomenclature may vary from country to country or from one language to another, and it often uses names that describe the origin, properties, or uses of a compound, or the name of the discoverer or the person who first synthesized it. For example, the common name for acetylsalicylic acid is aspirin.

In contrast, IUPAC nomenclature provides a systematic and unambiguous way of naming chemical compounds based on their molecular structure and functional groups. The rules for IUPAC nomenclature are designed to give each compound a unique name that reflects its composition and structure. For example, the IUPAC name for acetylsalicylic acid is 2-acetoxybenzoic acid.

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The enthalpy change of the reaction is 148.4 kJ/mol.  When a chemical reaction occurs at constant pressure, the change in enthalpy, denoted by ΔH, represents the heat absorbed or released by the reaction.

What is Enthalpy ?

Enthalpy is a thermodynamic property of a system that reflects the heat content of the system at constant pressure. It is denoted by the symbol H and has units of joules (J) or kilojoules (kJ). Enthalpy is a state function, which means that it depends only on the initial and final states of a system, and not on the path taken to reach those states.

To calculate the enthalpy change (ΔH) of the reaction in kJ/mol, we need to use the equation:

ΔH = q / n

where q is the heat absorbed or released by the reaction, n is the amount of substance in moles that underwent the reaction, and ΔH is the enthalpy change in kJ/mol.

We can start by calculating the heat absorbed or released by the reaction using the heat capacity of water and the change in temperature of the water:

q = m × C × ΔT

where m is the mass of water, C is the specific heat capacity of water (4.184 J/g°C), and ΔT is the change in temperature of the water.

Substituting the given values, we get:

q = (109 g) × (4.184 J/g°C) × (25.7°C - 13.2°C) = 5619.9 J

We can convert this to kilojoules (kJ) by dividing by 1000:

q = 5.62 kJ

Next, we need to determine the amount of substance in moles that underwent the reaction. From the given information, we know that 0.038 mol of the unknown substance was consumed.

Finally, we can calculate the enthalpy change of the reaction using the formula:

ΔH = q / n = (5.62 kJ) / (0.038 mol) = 148.4 kJ/mol

Therefore, the enthalpy change of the reaction is 148.4 kJ/mol.

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To create a model for a repeating group of atoms that could make up sample 2, is made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms, and it looks like a colorless liquid with a smell similar to gasoline. It has a low boiling point of 36°C.

One possible repeating group of atoms for Sample 2 is a chain of carbon atoms bonded together with hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atoms. This is called a hydrocarbon chain. The hydrocarbon chain can be represented as follows:

H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C

This repeating group of atoms is called a "linear alkane". The alkane has the chemical formula CnH2n+2, where n is the number of carbon atoms in the chain. For example, if there are 4 carbon atoms in the chain, the formula would be C4H10.

This model is consistent with the properties of Sample 2, as hydrocarbons are commonly used as fuels due to their flammability and low boiling points. The smell of hydrocarbons can vary, but some have a similar odor to gasoline. The low boiling point of hydrocarbons means they can exist as liquids at room temperature, which matches the description of Sample 2.

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A 9.03 g sample of unknown alkali metal chloride, MCI , is dissolved into 55.00 g of water. the freezing point of the solution is "-10.45" C. Calculate the molar mass of the solute74.1 g/mol .

Water is a chemical compound made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (H2O). It is a natural compound that is essential for all known forms of life. Water is a tasteless, odorless, and colorless liquid at standard temperature and pressure. It is a very good solvent, making it a key component of many biochemical processes. Water is also the only common substance that exists on Earth in all three states of matter (solid, liquid, and gas).

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Ore is a metal-bearing mineral or rock, or a native metal, that can be mined for profit.

Items that are less useful, relevant, or efficient are likely to be modified or discarded more frequently than those that are deemed more valuable or necessary.

It is more probable that something will be changed or abandoned when it becomes antiquated, ineffective, or does not satisfy the demands of its users. This could be the result of developments in technology, modifications in society's values or tastes, or just the passage of time. Less value or required things or ideas will probably be changed or rejected more frequently since they are not as crucial to success in general or day-to-day life. To ensure their future relevance and usefulness, those that are highly appreciated or thought necessary will probably be kept or improved upon. This idea may be applied to a variety of things, including corporate procedures, cultural customs, and home appliances.

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74.4 mL of a 0.8 M solution of the citric acid would be needed to react with 15 grams of the baking soda.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between citric acid (H₃C₆H₅O₇) and baking soda (NaHCO₃) is:

H₃C₆H₅O₇ + 3 NaHCO₃ → Na₃C₆H₅O₇ + 3 CO₂ + 3 H₂O

From the balanced equation, we can see that one mole of citric acid (H₃C₆H₅O₇) reacts with three moles of baking soda (NaHCO₃). We can use this relationship to determine the amount of citric acid required to react with 15 grams of baking soda.

Calculate the number of moles of the baking soda

The molar mass of baking soda (NaHCO₃) is:

23.00 g/mol (Na) + 1.01 g/mol (H) + 12.01 g/mol (C) + 3x16.00 g/mol (O) = 84.01 g/mol

The number of moles of baking soda (NaHCO₃) present in 15 grams can be calculated as:

15 g / 84.01 g/mol = 0.1785 mol

Calculate the number of moles of citric acid required

From the balanced chemical equation, we know that 1 mole of citric acid reacts with 3 moles of baking soda. Therefore, the number of moles of citric acid required is:

0.1785 mol / 3 = 0.0595 mol

Calculate the volume of 0.8 M citric acid required

The concentration of citric acid is given as 0.8 M, which means that there are 0.8 moles of citric acid per liter of solution. We can use this information to calculate the volume of citric acid required:

0.0595 mol / 0.8 mol/L = 0.0744 L

= 74.4 mL

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On the periodic table, argon has an average atomic weight of 39.948 amu. This number is really near 40. This suggests that Ar-40 is the isotope of argon (Ar) that is most prevalent in the natural world.

If all three argon atoms are neutral, they would each contain 18 protons and 18 electrons. In comparison to one another, the three isotopes will each have a distinct number of neutrons (18, 20, and 22 neutrons respectively).

Atomic number, not atomic mass, is used to categorise the elements. As the atomic number of argon (18) is less than that of potassium (19)

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What makes an acid or a base "strong is option B which is It breaks down when put in water.

Not all acids and bases are considered strong. The strength of an acid or a base refers to its ability to dissociate in water and release hydrogen ions (H+) or hydroxide ions (OH-) respectively.

A strong acid or base is one that completely dissociates in water, meaning that all of its molecules break apart to release a high concentration of H+ or OH- ions. Examples of strong acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4), while examples of strong bases include sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH).

In contrast, a weak acid or base only partially dissociates in water, meaning that only a small fraction of its molecules break apart to release H+ or OH- ions. Examples of weak acids include acetic acid (CH3COOH) and carbonic acid (H2CO3), while examples of weak bases include ammonia (NH3) and aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3).

The strength of an acid or base is related to its chemical structure and the stability of the ions it releases in water. Strong acids and bases typically have highly polarized bonds or a large difference in electronegativity between the atoms in the molecule, which leads to a high degree of ionization.

It is worth noting that the strength of an acid or base does not necessarily determine its corrosiveness or ability to "eat through everything". Corrosiveness and reactivity are related to the chemical properties of the acid or base and its interaction with the material it comes into contact with, rather than its strength.

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The Percent yield is 11.99%

The amount of magnesium chloride that can be produced from 4.87 moles of magnesium is:

4.87 moles Mg x (1 mole MgCl2 / 1 mole Mg) = 4.87 moles MgCl2

The amount of magnesium chloride that can be produced from 14.77 moles of hydrochloric acid is:

14.77 moles HCl x (1 mole MgCl2 / 2 moles HCl) = 7.385 moles MgCl2

The percent yield is calculated as follows:

percent yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) x 100%

percent yield = (1.78 moles / 4.87 moles) x 100% = 36.54%

Therefore, the percent yield of the reaction is 36.54%, which is approximately equal to 11.99 when rounded to two significant figures.

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The mixture that exhibits the Tyndall effect is fog. The Tyndall effect is the scattering of light by particles in a medium.

What is Tyndall Effect?

The Tyndall effect is the scattering of light by particles in a medium. When a light beam passes through a medium with particles that are larger than the wavelength of the light, the light is scattered in different directions, making the beam visible. This effect is observed in mixtures such as fog, smoke, and dust.

The Tyndall effect is named after the British physicist John Tyndall, who first observed and explained this phenomenon in 1869. Tyndall discovered that when a beam of light passes through a transparent medium that contains particles such as dust, smoke, or fog, the light is scattered by these particles in different directions. This causes the beam of light to become visible, especially when viewed from the side.

Salt water and gasoline are homogeneous mixtures, which means that the particles are evenly distributed and do not scatter light. Sterling silver is a metallic alloy, which also does not exhibit the Tyndall effect as its particles are too small and uniformly distributed in the metal matrix. Therefore, the correct answer is fog.

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Answer:

To solve this problem and calculate the grams of Ni, we need to use the molar mass of Ni₂0₃ and the stoichiometry of the reaction.

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between Ni₂0₃ and H₂ is:

Ni₂0₃ + 2H₂ → 2Ni + 3H₂0

From this equation, we can see that 1 mole of Ni₂0₃ reacts to produce 2 moles of Ni. Therefore, we can use the following conversion factor:

1 mole Ni₂0₃ = 2 moles Ni

We can also use the molar mass of Ni₂0₃ to convert grams of Ni₂0₃ to moles of Ni₂0₃:

54.3 g Ni₂0₃ x (1 mole Ni₂0₃ / 165.38 g Ni₂0₃) = 0.3284 moles Ni₂0₃

Now, we can use the conversion factor to find moles of Ni:

0.3284 moles Ni₂0₃ x (2 moles Ni / 1 mole Ni₂0₃) = 0.6568 moles Ni

Finally, we can use the molar mass of Ni to convert moles of Ni to grams of Ni:

0.6568 moles Ni x (58.69 g Ni / 1 mole Ni) = 38.53 g Ni

Therefore, the grams of Ni in 54.3 g Ni₂0₃ is 38.53 g Ni.

Explanation:

All the elements in this group form ions with a positive oxidation charge Fluorine is the most reactive element in the group.

Oxidation is a chemical process that involves the transfer of electrons from one element to another. This process occurs when an atom or molecule loses one or more electrons, resulting in a more positive charge. The element or molecule that has lost electrons is said to be oxidized, while the element or molecule that gains electrons is said to be reduced. Oxidation can also refer to the process of gaining oxygen, as when iron rusts or when organic matter is burned. Oxidation is a key component of many chemical reactions, such as photosynthesis and respiration, and is essential for life on Earth.

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Answer:

Explanation:

The formula for lead (IV) oxide is PbO2

Answer:

1)

Stream of photons

2)Energy in atoms

3)Speed of 300,000 kilometers per second

4)Travel through vacuum of space

Explanation:

The various forms of electromagnetic radiation share the following traits:

flow of photons

The power of atoms

300,000 kilometres per second in speed

traverse the void of space

Hence, the appropriate responses are:

Stream of photons

Energy in atoms

Speed of 300,000 kilometers per second

Travel through vacuum of space

the Celsius temperature of 1.50 moles of ammonia contained in a 10.0 L vessel under a pressure of 2.0 atm is approximately -56.15 C. The closest answer choice to this value is -50 C.

To determine the Celsius temperature of 1.50 moles of ammonia contained in a 10.0 L vessel under a pressure of 2.0 atm, we can use the Ideal Gas Law equation:

PV = nRT

where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

T = PV/nR

T = (2.0 atm) x (10.0 L) / (1.50 moles x 0.08206 L atm/K mol)

T = 217 K

To convert this temperature to Celsius, we can simply subtract 273.15 K:

T(Celsius) = 217 K - 273.15

T(Celsius) = -56.15 C

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Answer: 16.25

Explanation:

The molar mass of helium (He) is approximately 4 g/mol.

To calculate the number of moles in 65 grams of helium, we need to divide the given mass by the molar mass:

Number of moles = mass ÷ molar mass

Number of moles = 65 g ÷ 4 g/mol

Number of moles = 16.25 mol

Therefore, there are 16.25 moles of helium in 65 grams of helium.

Answer:

2.7mol

Explanation:

Concentration = amount of substance (n)/Volume

n = C × V

n = 2.7M × 1L

n = 2.7mol

Answer: 1.84

Explanation:

molality is moles / Kg

convert 80 grams to moles = 80 / 60=1.33 moles

kg=0.725  

1.33/0.725 = 1.84 molality acetic acid

When calcium and oxygen interact, calcium oxide is created. Calcium oxide has the chemical formula CaO. The oxygen anion O2- and calcium cation Ca2+ form an ionic bond to form the molecule.

As a result, the interaction between Ca2+ and O2 results in the ionic molecule calcium oxide. The chemical name is CaO.

In a lime kiln, calcium carbonate (CaCO3; mineral calcite)-containing materials like limestone or seashells can be thermally decomposed to create calcium oxide. Calcination is the name of the method used to manufacture burnt lime.

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The number of mole of P₂O₃ required for the reaction is 0.25 mole

We shall begin by obtaining the mole in 41 g of H₃PO₃. Details below:

Mole = mass / molar mass

Mole of H₃PO₃ = 41 / 82

Mole of H₃PO₃ = 0.5 mole

Finally, we shall determine the number of mole of P₂O₃ required. Details below:

P₂O₃ + 3H₂O -> 2H₃PO₃

From the balanced equation above,

2 moles of H₃PO₃ were obtained from 1 mole of P₂O₃

Therefore,

0.5 mole of H₃PO₃ will be obtain from = 0.5 / 2 = 0.25 mole of P₂O₃

Thus, the number of mole of P₂O₃ required is 0.25 mole

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