NADH compound does not cross the inner mitochondrial membrane due to lack of a specific transport protein.
All living cells contain the coenzyme NADH, which consists of two nucleotides connected by their 5'-phosphate groups, one of which contains an adenine base and the other of which contains nicotinamide. It functions as a cofactor and a fundamental metabolite. Both a NAD and a NAD(P)H.Cristae, or folds, are formed by the inner membrane and extend into the matrix, or interior, of the organelle.A high energy electron is transferred along an electron transport chain to the inner mitochondrial membrane. Hydrogen is pumped out of the matrix space by the energy released. As a result, a gradient is produced that forces hydrogen back through the membrane via ATP synthase.To learn more about mitochondrial.
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Within each year, what is the pattern of change in CO₂ concentration? Why does this pattern occur?
The pattern of change in CO₂ concentration is new plant growth in the spring increases photosynthesis rates, which lowers CO2 concentrations; this decline continues until autumn, when leaves fall and decompose, raising CO2 concentrations.
The level of carbon dioxide within the surroundings rises and falls every 12 months as plant life, thru photosynthesis and respiration, absorbs the gas in the spring and summer season, and launches it in fall and wintry weather. Now the range of that cycle is expanding as extra carbon dioxide is emitted from burning fossil fuels and different human activities.
In spring, flora in the Northern Hemisphere starts to develop and absorb CO2 from the atmosphere, so atmospheric CO2 attention decreases as the road dives down. In fall, flora starts to decay and release their CO2 again into the ecosystem, so atmospheric CO2 attention increases the line shoots up. plants are accumulating carbon within the spring and summer while they are lively, and they're liberating carbon again to the air in the fall and winter.
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A lab group wishes to determine the volume of some zinc beads. They fill a graduated cylinder to the 42.55-mL mark with water. They carefully add the beads to the cylinder. The water level rises to 76.85 mL. What value should they report as the volume of the zinc beads?
The volume of the zinc beads will be 34.30 mL
The principle is such that a floating or sinking liquid will always displace its volume in any liquid.
As we know that floating or sinking liquid will always displace its volume in any liquid. So, the volume of the solid is calculated as the differences between the final and the initial cylinder readings.
Here initial reading = 42.55 mL,
final reading = 76.85 mL
Volume of zinc beads = 76.85 - 42.55
= 34.30 mL
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34.30 mL will be The volume of the zinc beads
The principle is that a floating or sinking object, liquid will always be displaced and volume of displaced liquid is equal to the volume of object.
So, the volume of the solid object is calculated as the differences between the final and the initial cylinder readings.
Vsolid = ΔV = V2 – V1.
V1 is the volume of the liquid.
V2 is the sum of the volume of the liquid and the solid object
Notice that V2 is greater than V1
Here initial reading=V1 = 42.55 mL, final reading=V2 = 76.85 mL
The volume of the solid object is
Volume of zinc beads = 76.85 - 42.55 = 34.30 mL
This is because the volume of the liquid and the volume of the solid object are additive.
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Hermann von helmholtz was important in developing the understanding that nerve cells communicate using ______.
Hermann Von Helmholtz was important in developing the understanding that nerve cells communicate using electrical signals .
what are Electrical Signals?Electrical signals are currents or voltages that transport information and are frequently used to refer to voltages. This term may refer to any voltage or current in a circuit. An electrical signal, which is typically a voltage, is a current or voltage that communicates information. Alternating Current (AC) Alternating Current (AC) continuously reverses direction as it goes in one direction then the other. This term may refer to any voltage or current in a circuit. Alternating Current (AC) Alternating Current (AC) continuously flows in the opposite direction.
Describe nerve cell?The essential unit of the neurological system's communication is the nerve cell (neuron). The cell body, a significant branching fiber (the axon), and numerous smaller branching fibers make up each nerve cell (dendrites).
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Suppose you examine two groups of individuals with CNS damage. In one group, the damage has resulted in a coma (a prolonged state of unconsciousness). In the other group, it has caused paralysis (a loss of skeletal muscle function throughout the body). Relative to the position of the midbrain and pons, where is the likely site of damage in each group? Explain.
The brain is divided into the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. In paralysis back of the frontal part of the lobe gets affected. In coma RAS reticular vascular system of the brain gets affected.
What is CNS?CNS is the central nervous system. It includes the brain and spinal cord. Brain is divided into three parts such as forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain.
Coma means person is in state of unconsciousness. Eyes remain closed, Coma leads to brain injury. Brain injury can be due to bleeding, loss of oxygen etc.
Paralysis is the condition where person do not able to move their voluntary muscles. It is a problem with nervous system. Paralysis is caused by brain injury and birth defects. It is a condition where voluntary muscles loss senses.
Therefore, The brain is divided into the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. In paralysis back of the frontal part of the lobe gets affected. In coma RAS reticular vascular system of the brain gets affected.
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Pythagoras and his followers applied _____ to almost every aspect of human existence.
Pythagoras and his followers applied mathematical principles to almost every aspect of human existence.
Who is Pythagoras?The man Pythagoras was a well known Greek Philosopher who was very keen on the development of mathematics in his days. His quest for mathematical development was so deep that he invented the Pythagoras theorem.
As such Pythagoras and his followers applied mathematical principles to almost every aspect of human existence.
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Which region of the urinary system is not correctly paired with its epithelial tissue?
How does the cell theory contribute to understanding cell organization (cite the info)
Answer:
The cell theory is a widely accepted explanation of the role of cells in living things. It is important because it lays the foundation for scientists' understanding of cells and sets the distinction between living and non-living things.
Cells are the basic unit (or building block) of life.2. All living things are made of cells.3. Cells come from other cells.
Explanation:
colchicine is a drug that causes microtubules to break apart (depolymerize). what effect would this drug have on anterograde transport? what would happen in the axon terminal?
The application of the colchicines causes microtubules to disintegrate and then when applied to the axon they disrupts the path for the anterograde transport. As a result, all the movement of the material from the soma to the terminal (anterograde transport) ceases. If the colchicine application does not kill the whole of cell, then the material to be transported as will as accumulate on the side of the axon to closest to the soma.
The Colchicine is the medicine for treating the inflammation and pain. It can also be used to: treat the flare-ups (attacks) of gout. to prevent and increased flare-ups of gout when you first start on the medicine like allopurinol – to be taken to manage your condition long term. the Colchicine is in a class of the medications called as anti-gout agents. It works by stopping the natural processes that is cause by swelling and other symptoms of gout and the FMF also.
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by the close of the pleistocene, the human population numbered a. several million. b. several thousand. c. 7 billion. d. 1 billion.
By the close of the Pleistocene, the human population numbered several million.
The Pleistocene geological era is the most recent cycle of recurring glaciations on the planet. By the end of the time period, the human population i.e. Homo sapiens had evolved, colonized most of the earth, and spread throughout the world. Massive ice sheets and other glaciers commonly occurred on landmasses during the Pleistocene Epoch, also known as the "Great Ice Age. The oldest means of human survival throughout the Ice Age was browsing and obtaining food from various plants, such as nuts and berries. When people first started to hunt animals, they commonly followed flocks of birds and other creatures on their migratory route.
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Lets take a look at an example population. say you want to know the change in population of your town
You can use the following formula to determine a population's change:
N = (B + I) - (D + E)
N represents the population change.
The number of births is B.
I represents the quantity of newcomers or immigrants to the area.
The number of fatalities is D.
E stands for the number of emigrants, or those who have left the area
for a example in a town to check the population ,2,000 babies were born. There were 700 new immigrants who became residents. A total of 1,500 people died. Eight hundred people left the area. Using this data to complete the formula results in the following: N = (2,000 + 700) - (1,500 + 800)All that's left to do is solve the problem now that you have the knowledge and the formula. N = 2,700 - 2,300 N = 400
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The group of neurons in the nervous system that control how muscles and other organs respond to the environment are known as ____neurons.
The group of neurons in the nervous system that control how muscles and other organs respond to the environment are known as motor neurons.
What is neuron and its function ?Neurons are the basic functional components of the nervous system, and they generate electrical signals known as action potentials, which allow them to send information quickly over large distances. Glia are also necessary for nervous system function, however they primarily serve to sustain neurons.
What are the types of neuron ?Sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons are the three most frequent types of neurons. Interneurons are the most common type of neuron. Efferent neurons aid in the transmission of impulses from the brain and central nervous system (CNS) to the muscles and skin.
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in experiments, researchers found that if animals had defective hormones, they tended to .
In experiments, researchers found that if animals had defective hormones, they tended to overeat. The defective hormone is leptin.
What are the effects of a leptin deficiency?Severe obesity is a symptom of leptin receptor insufficiency, which usually appears in the first few months of life. At birth, affected people are a normal weight, but they soon gain weight due to persistent hunger. Extreme hunger results in obesity and chronic overeating (hyperphagia).What kind of a hormone is leptin?White adipose tissue produces the peptide hormone leptin.On chromosome 7q31, the leptin gene (LEP or ob) is located.What occurs if leptin is altered?Leptin is absent in people with congenital leptin insufficiency caused by LEP gene abnormalities. Because of the resulting lack of satiety-inducing signals, this disease is characterized by increased hunger and weight gain.To learn more about leptin visit:
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1
"The moon's gravitational force causes high and low tides on Earth." This statement is an example of a:
OA. fact.
B. law.
OC. theory.
OD. hypothesis.
Law is based on the fact (here, gravitational pull) and shows the relation between the moon and the earth (tides). Thus, option B is correct.
What are tides?
Tides are the waves observed in seas. It is mainly due to the gravitational pull exerted by the moon on the earth. The tidal force so generated is responsible for high tide and low tide.
Tides, high or low can be predicted timely. Usually there are two high tides and two low tides observed in a day. However, during the full moon and new moon, the earth, moon and the sun align in orientation, creating a combined gravity.
This is responsible for 'spring tides' which can be considered even more higher or lower in amplitude.
Thus, tides are the natural phenomena based on the law of gravity.
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what was the first contintent inhabited by homo sapiens that did not witness earllier migration of homo erectuc?
African continent the first contintent inhabited by homo sapiens.Between 70,000 and 100,000 years ago, Homo sapiens commenced migrating from the African continent and populating elements of Europe and Asia. They reached the Australian continent in canoes someday among 35,000 and 65,000 years ago. Map of the sector displaying the unfold of Homo sapiens at some stage in the Earth over time.
Homo erectus is taken into consideration a tremendously variable species, unfold over continents (it is now no longer positive whether or not it reached Europe), and probably the longest lived early human species - approximately 9 instances so long as our very own species,
Erectus is the oldest acknowledged species to have a human-like body, with rather elongated legs and shorter fingers in evaluation to its torso. It had an upright posture. habilis round 1.eight million years ago, marks the primary hominin to disperse out of doors of Africa. Between approximately 1.9 and 1.8 million years ago, there may be proof for geographic and temporal overlap of all 3 early Homo species in East Africa.
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In a condition called presbyopia, the eyes' lenses lose much of their elasticity and maintain a flat shape. Explain how this condition affects a person's vision.
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What is the currently accepted therey
on the origin of the moon?
Answer:
giant-impact theory
Explanation:
I hope this helps
please help me consider how exemptions might affect public
Answer:so the exemptions might affect the public by publicity exemptionating publicality
Explanation:
Fructose is? also known as dextrose. the sweetest of the sugars. abundant in whole grains. a starch. known as milk sugar.
Dextrose and fructose are both types of sugar. the sugar with the best flavor. plenty of whole grains. the starch. called milk sugar.
It is also found naturally in other plant foods such as honey, sugar beets, sugar cane, and vegetables. Fructose is the sweetest naturally occurring carbohydrate, 1.2 to 1.8 times more sweeter than sucrose (table sugar). is the sweetness of Fructose metabolism does not require insulin and has little effect on blood sugar levels. There are many different types of sugar, some more common than others. Fructose, like glucose, is a type of sugar known as a simple sugar or "simple sugar". Monosaccharides can be combined to form disaccharides, the most common of which is sucrose, or "sugar." Sucrose is made up of 50% fructose and 50% glucose. Fructose and glucose have the same chemical formula (C6H12O6), but due to their different molecular structures, fructose is 1.2 to 1.8 times sweeter than sucrose. In fact, fructose is the sweetest natural carbohydrate.
In nature, fructose is most commonly found as a component of sucrose. Fructose is also found in plants as a simple sugar, but that doesn't mean other sugars don't exist.
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substance must exsist as a _____ under normal conditions on earth
The substance must exist as a solid under normal conditions on earth.
A solid is distinguished by its structural rigidity and resistance to external forces. A solid substance, unlike a liquid, does not flow to conform to the shape of its container or, like a gas, expand to cover the entire space. The substance must be solid at ordinary temperature and be present as a solid under normal Earthly conditions.
The important thing is that solids maintain their structure and don't flow like liquids. If nothing changes, a rock will always look like a rock. A diamond is no different. Because their molecules are closely packed together, solids are able to maintain their shape.
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Thinking about our nutritional needs and feeding behavior, propose an evolutionary explanation for why amylase, unlike other digestive enzymes, is secreted into the mouth.
Salivary glands secrete amylase, which causes starch to break down into maltose in the mouth. As a result, the adaptation to find food sources that provide rapid energy is salivary amylase secretion.
Three pairs of salivary glands are the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual. Saliva is a viscous fluid that is produced by salivary glands. Saliva contains two enzymes called salivary amylase and lysozyme.Salivary amylase detects maltose by dissolving starch. As a result, the mouth is where carbohydrate digestion starts. The antimicrobial and antibacterial characteristics of lysozyme.Starch-containing food molecules have long been important parts of the human diet. The amylase enzyme (AMY) genes are heavily selected in every generation due to the high sugar content of the human diet.The pancreas and salivary glands both express these genes. Since sugar molecules supply more immediate energy than protein and fat, the presence of amylase in the saliva facilitates the quickest possible digestion of these molecules. The use of foods high in starch has led to the development of the adaption.Learn more about the Human digestive system with the help of the given link:
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Geography includes the study of land formations, climate, resources, political boundaries, and population. In this unit, you studied different geographical regions. You also learned how people determine the locations of different places and regions throughout the world. How would you describe the geography of your region? How does this geography influence your life? Be specific.
i live in wv please help
answer:
I don't live in WV but here's some ideas for how to structure your answer:
Is your region mountainous, coastal, etc?
(If you're close to the ocean) does the proximity to the ocean affect your diet? (do you eat fresh sea food often?)
Does your region have good conditions and soil for farming? If so does it affect your diet? (do you eat fresh greens often?)
Is there any landforms that separates you and other states around you?
Does the climate/temperature affect what you wear? (do you need more summer or winter clothes because of how the seasons change where you live?)
Explanation:
I was never really good with geography so good luck
:D
Answer:
Explanation:
help
The thyroid gland regulates bone growth and maintenance through its production of what hormone?
There are two main hormones produced by thyroid glands are T4 and T3 .
How does thyroid hormone regulate growth?
Thyroid hormones regulate growth by several mechanism. In addition to their negative feedback effect on the stimulatory hormones thyrotropin releasing hormone and thyrotropin , thyroid hormone also regulate their receptors in various physiological and pathological conditions.
T3 hormone help to regulate the bone growth.
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Because the transplant caused the recipient tissue to become something it would not have otherwise, a signal must have passed from the dorsal lip. If you identified a protein candidate for the signaling molecule, how would injecting it into ventral cells of a gastrula test its function?
Gastrulation is a key event in animal embryonic development during which germ layer precursors are reorganized and hypocotyls are established.
Cell polarization is essential during gastrulation as it promotes asymmetric cell division, cell motility, and cell shape changes. Furry (Fry) genes encode evolutionarily conserved proteins with diverse cellular functions, including invertebrate cell polarization and morphogenesis. However, little is known about its role in vertebrate development. Here we show that, in addition to its previously described role in regulating dorsal mesoderm gene expression, fly plays a role in morphogenetic processes during gastrulation in Xenopus laevis. Using morpholino knockdown, we demonstrate a distinct role in larval spore pore closure and abaxial extension. Loss of juvenile function dramatically affects cell movement and morphological polarization during gastrulation and interferes with the convergent extension of the dorsal mesoderm, which is responsible for head-to-tail elongation.
Finally, we assess the functional interaction between Fry and NDR1 kinases and provide evidence for an evolutionarily conserved complex required for morphogenesis.
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Suppose humans were the major host for a bacterial species. What temperature would you predict would be optimal for growth of this species? Explain.
If a fever were frequently generated, bacteria with a host would likely grow best at a temperature a few degrees higher than normal body temperature.
What are bacteria?Bacteria are tiny, single-celled creatures. Bacteria, which are vital to the world's ecosystems, are present almost everywhere. Some species can survive in environments with high pressure and temperatures.. In fact, it's believed that bacterial cells outnumber human cells in the human body.
What are the top 3 categories of bacteria?The fundamental shapes are three.
A single bacterium is referred to as a coccus, and cocci are bacteria that have a ball-like structure. One illustration is the streptococcus genus, which causes "strep throat."Bacilli are these rod-shaped organisms (singular bacillus).These are referred to as spirilla (singular spirillus).To know more about bacteria visit:
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Pathogenic microbial agents include bacteria, worms, protozoa, viruses, fungi, and heavy metals.
a. true
b. false
The statement that “ pathogenic microbial agents include bacteria, worms, protozoa, viruses, fungi, and heavy metals ” is false.
Pathogens are microscopic organisms that have the ability to enter the body and can be a source of disease for the body. It includes tiny living organisms which are not visible to the normal eye. As the pathogens definition includes only living organisms therefore heavy metals are not included in the group of pathogens while bacteria, worms, protozoa, viruses, and fungi are considered to be pathogens since they are living organisms and have the ability to penetrate into hosts and can cause a disease or illness.
However, if the levels of heavy metals are too high in the body, they can be dangerous for the body as they have an adverse effect on many different organs.
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You spike a volleyball with a mass of 0.260 kg. The ball leaves your hand with a speed of 31.29 m/s.The ball has _ energy. Calculate it
Answer:
as you spike the volleyball, you transfer kinetic energy to the volleyball.
the formula for kinetic energy is as such: [tex]E_{k} = \frac{1}{2}(m)(v^{2} )[/tex], where [tex]E_{k}[/tex] is kinetic energy, m is mass (in kg) and v is velocity/speed in m/s
[tex]E_{k} = \frac{1}{2} (0.260) (31.29^{2} ) \\ = 127 Joules (3 s.f.)[/tex]
describe atleast 2 types of tests you could perform to determine if a substance was a metal or non metal
Answer:
Test for malleability (whether the material can change shape without being brittle or breaking), test for conductivity (whether electricity passes through it or not).
Are proteins or rna molecules that act as catalysts to speed up reactions in living organisms.
Proteins provide the primary function of enzymes, which are catalysts that quicken practically all chemical events within cells. Although some biological reactions can be catalyzed by RNAs, proteins are responsible for the majority of them. A biological catalyst called an enzyme is usually always a protein. It accelerates a certain chemical reaction in the cell.
An enzyme will cling to (bind) one or more reactant molecules in order to catalyze a process. The substrates of the enzyme are these substances. Proteins called enzymes are made up of amino acids connected by one or more polypeptide chains. The fundamental structure of a polypeptide chain refers to this arrangement of amino acids.
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Wakefulness is regulated by the reticular formation, which is present in the a. basal nuclei. b. brainstem. c. limbic system. d. spinal cord.
Wakefulness is regulated by reticular formation, which is present in the brainstem. Thus, the correct option for this question is B.
What is Reticular formation?A Reticular formation may be defined as the collection of the neuronal network in the brainstem that authorizes awareness, and sensory and motor function. It also actively takes part in endocrine and neurotransmitter regulation.
The reticular formation is generally found in the region of the brainstem, at the center of a region known as the tegmentum. The reticular formation function as a major incorporation and relay center for many vital brain systems in order to coordinate vital functions for the survival of living organisms.
Therefore, wakefulness is regulated by reticular formation, which is present in the brainstem. Thus, the correct option for this question is B.
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.
Eliza places an 18-gram piece of an unknown substance into a graduated cylinder that is filled with 5 mL of water, and the water rises from the 5 mL line to the 8 mL line. What is the density of the unknown substance in g/mL?
The density of the unknown substance is 3.6 g/ml
As,
[tex]d=\frac{mass}{volume}[/tex]
where,
Mass= 18 grams
Volume = 5 ml
d [tex]=\frac{18}{5} \frac{g}{ml}[/tex]
d = 3.6 g/ml
What is Density?
Density is the mass of a material substance per unit volume.
The formula for density is
[tex]d=\frac{M}{V}[/tex]
M is mass
V is volume
d is density
Grams per cubic centimeter are a typical unit of measurement for density.
We can calculate what materials will float and sink when placed in a liquid using the concept of density, which is a crucial idea. The rule of thumb is that objects will float as long as their density is lower than the liquid's density.
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