The major innovation that made James Joyce one of the most influential writers of the 20th century is his use of the stream-of-consciousness technique in his writing.
Stream-of-consciousness is a literary technique that allows the author to convey the inner workings of a character's mind as they experience their thoughts and feelings in a continuous and often fragmented flow.
The technique involves the author writing in such a way that the reader sees the character's thoughts as they occur, without any filtering or interpretation. In other words, the reader sees the thoughts as they come, just as the character does. This technique allows the author to create a more realistic and detailed portrayal of the character's mind and personality.
James Joyce's use of the stream-of-consciousness technique is most evident in his novel Ulysses. The novel follows the lives of two characters, Leopold Bloom and Stephen Dedalus, as they navigate their way through a single day in Dublin. The novel is written in such a way that the reader experiences the thoughts, feelings, and experiences of the characters in a continuous and often disjointed flow.
This allows Joyce to explore the themes of identity, consciousness, and the nature of reality in a more nuanced and complex way than traditional narratives.
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Lauren asked Katya, "Does it typically rain more in the United States or in Brazil?"
Is this a statistical question?
Choose 1 answer:
Choose 1 answer:
(Choice A) Yes
A
Yes
(Choice B) No
B
No
Answer:
Yes, this is a statistical question as we can answer the question if we know the statistics of rain in the US or Brazil.
Answer:
YES!
Explanation:
this is definitely a statistical question where you can actually solve this
therefore, CHOICE A, yes
In a particular year a population has the following characteristics: the crude birth rate is 45, the crude death rate is 20, the immigration rate is 1%, and the emigration rate is 0. 5%. The percent rate of growth for that year is?
The percent rate of growth for the population in that year is 25%.
The term "growth rate" describes the rate at which a specific variable is rising or falling over time. Growth rate in the context of population growth typically refers to the percentage change in a population's size over a specific time period.
Given,
Crude birth rate: 45
Crude death rate: 20
Immigration rate: 1%
Emigration rate: 0.5%
The percent rate of growth for a population in a particular year can be calculated using the following formula:
Percent Rate of Growth = [(Crude Birth Rate - Crude Death Rate) + Net Migration Rate] / 10
Plugging in the values given in the problem, we get:
Percent Rate of Growth = [(45 - 20) + (1 - 0.5)] / 10
= 26.5 / 10
= 2.65
Therefore, the percent rate of growth for the population in that year is 2.65%.
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Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
In a suspected case of Carbon Monoxide poisoning, a layer of 1. )_______ is added to prevent reaction with 2. )_______
1. ) Sodium Fluoride
Liquid paraffin
Potassium oxalate
2. ) Carbon Monoxide
Nitrogen
Oxygen
In a suspected case of Carbon Monoxide poisoning, a layer of 1. )Sodium Fluoride is added to prevent a reaction with 2. ) Carbon Monoxide
What is the justification for the above response?When suspected Carbon Monoxide poisoning is being treated, a layer of Sodium Fluoride is added to a blood sample to prevent the reaction of Carbon Monoxide with the hemoglobin in the blood.
This prevents the formation of carboxyhemoglobin, a stable complex that can impair the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to the body's tissues. Sodium Fluoride inhibits the reaction by forming a stable complex with any remaining Carbon Monoxide in the sample, allowing for accurate measurement of carboxyhemoglobin levels. Liquid paraffin and potassium oxalate are not typically used in the treatment of Carbon Monoxide poisoning.
Nitrogen and oxygen are not added to the blood sample, as they are not effective in preventing the reaction between Carbon Monoxide and hemoglobin.
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Look at the image below, then answer.
When it is 9 p.m. in Cleveland, it is only 6 p.m. in Portland. Therefore, the correct answer is B. 6 PM.
How to calculate timezone of Portland?
The continental United States has four main time zones: Eastern, Central, Mountain, and Pacific. Each time zone is one hour ahead of the previous one to the east, except for the boundary between the Eastern and Central time zones, which is two hours ahead.
According to the map, Cleveland, Ohio, is located in the Eastern time zone, which is three hours ahead of the Pacific time zone, where Portland, Oregon, is located. This means that when it is 9 p.m. in Cleveland, it is only 6 p.m. in Portland.
Therefore, the correct answer is B. 6 PM.
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Describe the benefits of a supranational organization for a state with a small GDP
Answer:
Increased access to a larger market: A supranational organization can provide access to a larger market, allowing for greater exports and more opportunities for growth. This can be especially important for states with small domestic markets.
Greater bargaining power: Small states may find it difficult to negotiate with larger states or international organizations on their own. By joining a supranational organization, these states can pool their resources and bargaining power, increasing their ability to negotiate favorable trade agreements.
Increased political influence: Small states may have limited political influence on their own, but as part of a supranational organization, they can have a greater voice in international affairs and decision-making.
Shared resources and expertise: Supranational organizations often provide resources and expertise that small states may not have on their own. This can include shared infrastructure, joint research initiatives, and coordinated efforts to address common challenges like climate change or terrorism.
Overall, a supranational organization can provide small states with increased opportunities for growth and development, greater bargaining power, and a stronger voice in international affairs.
Explanation:
When a flower is placed in water, how do the nutrients in the water travel to the other parts of the plant?
The plant absorbs the nutrients through the sunlight. Flowers are nonvascular, so nutrients do not need to travel. The nutrients move from cell to cell up to the other parts of the flower. The nutrients travel to the other parts of the flower through the tubes of the vascular system
Answer:
Stems carry water and nutrients taken up by the roots to the leaves. Then the food produced by the leaves moves to other parts of the plant. The cells that do this work are called the xylem cells. They move water.
2. 1 define the term study plan and state four ways in which stress may negatively affect your ability to answer questions in an examination session
A study plan is a structured schedule that outlines a student's goals and activities related to their studies. It typically includes specific goals, timelines, and methods for achieving those goals.
Four ways in which stress may negatively affect your ability to answer questions in an examination session include:
Lack of focus – stress can make it difficult to concentrate on the questions at hand.Mental exhaustion – too much stress can cause mental fatigue, making it harder to think clearly.Feeling overwhelmed – when feeling overwhelmed, it can be difficult to see the bigger picture.Impaired memory – the mind can become clouded, making it difficult to recall information.To learn more about Timelines :
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Mention four ways in which the rule of low could protect community members whose private property was damaged during a protest action.
Answer:
Legal action: The rule of law allows individuals to take legal action against those who damage their property. This means that community members can file lawsuits against protesters or other individuals responsible for the damage, seeking compensation for the losses they incurred.
Law enforcement: The rule of law empowers law enforcement agencies to take action against those who violate the law. This means that if property damage occurs during a protest, law enforcement agencies can identify and arrest the perpetrators, and bring them to justice.
Insurance: The rule of law encourages individuals to take out insurance to protect their property against damage or loss. This means that community members who have insurance coverage can file claims with their insurance providers, seeking compensation for any damages incurred during a protest.
Public accountability: The rule of law ensures that public officials and institutions are accountable to the public. This means that if property damage occurs during a protest due to the negligence or inaction of public officials, community members can hold those officials accountable, and seek redress for any losses they have incurred.
Explanation:
Explain how the Brutus uses the
"great thinkers" to support his
argument?
Brutus uses great thinkers to support his argument by providing evidence from their writings or opinions.
How Brutus uses the "great thinkers" to support his argument?He cites well-known philosophers such as Aristotle and Cicero to provide rational and logical support for his points. He also uses historical examples from ancient Rome to illustrate the consequences of strong executive power.
By citing the opinions of these great thinkers, Brutus is able to bolster his argument and make it more convincing to his readers.
In summary, Brutus uses great thinkers to support his argument by citing their opinions, using historical examples, and providing logical and rational evidence.
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On a clear night the International Space Station has an angular size of about 49 arcseconds. How big is this in radians?
A. 0. 24
B. 0. 00024
C. 0. 00082
D. 0. 82
The angular size of the International Space Station in radians is 0.00024.
The angular size of an object refers to the angle that it subtends at a particular point in space. In this case, the International Space Station has an angular size of 49 arcseconds. To convert this to radians, we use the formula
1 radian = 206,265 arcseconds
So, we can calculate the angular size of the International Space Station in radians as:
Angular size in radians = (49 arcseconds) / (206,265 arcseconds/radian)
Angular size in radians = 0.000237 radians (approx)
Therefore, the answer is option B. 0.00024.
It's important to note that radians are a unit of measurement for angles, and they are often used in mathematics and physics calculations that involve angles or circular motion.
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15. At the same time that car plants closed, other parts of the country experienced different economic
conditions. Utah, for example, saw a tech boom that drove up wages and reduced unemployment.
Explain how this exemplifies the difficulty in attempting to calculate an MPC for the entire nation.
The example of car plants closing in one region and a tech boom in another exemplifies the difficulty in calculating an MPC for the entire nation due to regional variations in economic conditions.
What does MPC mean?
MPC stands for Marginal Propensity to Consume, which is a measure of how much of an increase in income is spent on consumption or consumer goods and services. It is the ratio of the change in consumer spending to the change in income that caused the spending change. In other words, it represents the percentage of an additional dollar of income that a consumer would spend on consumption.
The example of car plants closing in one region and a tech boom in another highlights the difficulty in calculating an MPC (marginal propensity to consume) for the entire nation. This is because different regions of the country can experience vastly different economic conditions that affect consumer spending and saving habits. Factors such as regional differences in industry, wages, and employment levels can all impact the MPC of different regions, making it challenging to accurately calculate a single MPC that applies to the entire country. Thus, regional variations in economic conditions must be taken into account when analyzing consumer behavior and making economic policy decisions.
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Compare female farm workers' lives and agricultural roles in LDCs with those in MDCs.
Female farm workers in Less Developed Countries (LDCs) and More Developed Countries (MDCs) face different challenges and opportunities.
What is the explanation of the above response?In MDCs, girls have better access to education and are more likely to receive training in agriculture, leading to higher-skilled jobs in the agricultural sector.
In LDCs, female farm workers often work long hours in physically demanding jobs, with little pay or job security. In many LDCs, women have limited access to land and resources due to cultural and legal barriers, while in MDCs, women have more opportunities to own and manage their own farms. However, both face discrimination, lack of recognition for their work, and limited access to resources and support services.
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How to open the unknown character slot for GTA V
Usually, unlocking special characters or levels in games require the completion of special tasks. In the case of GTA V, this would not be different.
What is GTA V?Note that GTA V (Grand Theft Auto V) is an open-world action-adventure video game developed by Rockstar North and published by Rockstar Games.
A character in a game is a virtual entity that represents a player or non-player character within the game world and interacts with the environment and other characters.
To have a healthy relationship with gaming, it's important to be aware of the potential dangers of game addiction. Game addiction can lead to negative consequences in many areas of life, including social relationships, work or school performance, and physical health.
To prevent addiction, it's recommended to set limits on the amount of time spent playing games.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends a maximum of one to two hours of screen time per day for children and teenagers. Also, taking breaks during gameplay, getting regular physical exercise, and engaging in other activities outside of gaming can help maintain a balanced and healthy lifestyle.
On the other hand, note that gaming can improve cognitive skills such as problem-solving and decision-making, enhance hand-eye coordination, provide social benefits through multiplayer games, and offer a fun and engaging way to reduce stress.
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comprehensive insurance is when your insurance company usually A cove just collision a lot of cars at once B includes health insurance for any injury C covers collision and physical damage D can’t help you is you are driving in an area that has a higher rate of accidents and crimes
The correct answer is:
Comprehensive insurance is when your insurance company covers collision and physical damage.
Comprehensive insurance is a type of auto insurance that provides coverage for physical damage to your vehicle from non-collision events, such as theft, fire, vandalism, or natural disasters. It is typically purchased in addition to liability insurance, which covers damage to other people's property or injuries to other people in an accident that you cause. Comprehensive insurance can also include coverage for personal injury protection, but this is not the main focus of the coverage. Finally, comprehensive insurance can help you regardless of where you are driving, as long as the damage to your vehicle is covered by the policy.
What is the difference between a code of conduct and a code of contact?
A code of conduct is a set of rules and guidelines that guide behavior and ensure ethical business practices. A code of contact is a document that specifies how an organization should interact with its customers.
A code of conduct is a collection of rules or principles that control how people or groups behave inside a certain organisation or community. It sets expectations for employee behavior and outlines proper procedures for handling conflicts.
A code of contact, on the other hand, is a set of rules that specify how people should engage and communicate with one another in a specific situation. It including expectations for responding to customer inquiries and resolving customer issues.
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Researchers grew populations of identical Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria in a growth medium that contained a low concentration of glucose and a high concentration of citrate, a substance that is not typically consumed by E. coli. For thousands of generations, the bacteria used only glucose as an energy source and grew relatively slowly and to a low density because of the low concentration of glucose. After about 30,000 generations, one population emerged that began to rapidly grow to a much higher density. The researchers hypothesized that the bacteria evolved the ability to use citrate as an energy source and referred to them as Cit+. To test the hypothesis, the researchers grew separate populations of the Cit+ bacteria and bacteria from the original population (Cit−) in a growth medium that contained only citrate. Identify the dependent variable measured in the experiments.
The growth rate and density of the Cit+ and Cit- populations in a growth medium containing just citrate are the dependent variables that are measured in the studies.
What kind of growth medium did scientists use to cultivate colonies of the same Escherichia coli bacteria?In order to cultivate populations of identical Escherichia coli (E. coliE. coli) bacteria, researchers used a growth medium with a high concentration of citrate and a low quantity of glucose, a chemical that E. coliE.
What actions will E. coli do when growing in a medium that contains both lactose and glucose?The more readily digested glucose is first consumed by Escherichia coli cells cultured in the presence of both lactose and glucose before the genes required for lactose catabolism are expressed.
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regarding the economy conservatives believe that?
Conservatives generally believe in free market capitalism and limited government intervention in the economy.
What do they argue?They argue that individuals and businesses should have the freedom to make their own economic decisions without excessive regulations or taxes.
Conservatives support lower taxes, reduced government spending, and a focus on individual responsibility and private enterprise. They also tend to oppose government welfare programs and believe that the market should be allowed to determine prices and wages.
Some conservatives may also support protectionist policies to promote domestic industries and jobs, although this is not a universal position among conservatives.
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If the reserve requirement is 20 percent, banks hold no excess reserves, and the Federal Reserve purchases $100 million worth of bonds on the open market, how will the monetary base change?
a. It will decrease by $100 million.
b. It will increase by $100 million.
c. It will decrease by $20 million.
d. It will increase by $20 million.
e. It will increase by $500 million.
Macro Economics Supply and Demand
Answer both questions please.
An example of a change in the market that alters the supply or demand of a good, affecting the market balance, could be the increase in consumer preference for sustainable products, leading to an increase in demand for electric cars, for example.
How does this change affect demand?With increasing consumer awareness of environmentally friendly products, as explained in the article "Global sales of electric cars accelerate rapidly in 2021" (source: Reuters, February 15, 2022) we can see that the demand curve for electric cars shifted to the right.
Therefore, some factors that led to this rapid development in the supply and demand for electric cars were advances in technology, information about sustainability and the reduction of bureaucracy in government regulations.
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(c) The company has recycled 875,000 cotton T-shirts in the new recycling program. Assuming that a T-shirt has
an average mass of 140 g. calculate the mass (in kg) of waste that was diverted from the landfill by recycling the
T-shirts instead of throwing them away. Show your work.
(d) Traditional manufacturing processes use an average of 700 gallons of water to manufacture one new T-shirt.
Using their unique recycling process, the company uses only 5 gallons of water to manufacture one recycled T-
shirt. The company received an order for 950 recycled T-shirts. Calculate the number of gallons of water that
would be saved by making 950 recycled T-shirts instead of the same number of traditionally manufactured T-
shirts. Show your work.
The mass of waste diverted from the landfill by recycling the T-shirts instead of throwing them away is 122,500 kg.
How to calculate the mass of waste diverted from the landfill?
To calculate the mass of waste diverted from the landfill, we need to multiply the number of T-shirts recycled by the mass of each T-shirt.
Mass of one T-shirt = 140 g
Number of T-shirts recycled = 875,000
Total mass of T-shirts recycled = 875,000 x 140 g
Total mass of T-shirts recycled = 122,500,000 g
We can convert this mass to kilograms by dividing by 1000:
Total mass of T-shirts recycled = 122,500,000 g ÷ 1000
Total mass of T-shirts recycled = 122,500 kg (to the nearest whole number)
Therefore, the mass of waste diverted from the landfill by recycling the T-shirts instead of throwing them away is 122,500 kg.
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This question involves a class named RandomWord which will have a constructor and instance variables. When creating a new RandomWord object, you will need to pass it to two separate words as parameters. The RandomWord class contains
the following two methods:
randomLetter - This method returns a random letter from the specified word. It has one integer parameter, which is either 1 (to select a random letter from the first word), or 2 (to select a random letter from the second word). This method also concatenates this random letter to the end of the new random word.
getNewWord - This method returns the new word which was constructed from the random letters and also reinitializes the new word so that the next word can be generated.
The code needs to be written in Java
See an example implementation of the RandomWord class in Java:
import java.util.Random;
public class RandomWord {
private String word1;
private String word2;
private String newWord;
public RandomWord(String word1, String word2) {
this.word1 = word1;
this.word2 = word2;
this.newWord = "";
}
public char randomLetter(int wordNum) {
String word;
if (wordNum == 1) {
word = word1;
} else {
word = word2;
}
Random rand = new Random();
int index = rand.nextInt(word.length());
char letter = word.charAt(index);
newWord += letter;
return letter;
}
public String getNewWord() {
String tempWord = newWord;
newWord = "";
return tempWord;
}
}
What is the explanation of the above response?The RandomWord class has a constructor that takes two words as parameters and an instance variable to store a new word. It has two methods, randomLetter and getNewWord.
The randomLetter method randomly selects a letter from one of the two words and concatenates it to the new word. The getNewWord method returns the new word and resets it for the next word to be generated.
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Develop an argument that evaluates the extent to which
different causes of global conflict are significant in the period 1900 - present
Since the beginning of the twentieth century, many different factors have caused and perpetuated global conflict. These include economic disparity, religious and ethnic differences, international power struggles, and competition for resources.
All of these causes have been significant in varying degrees in different parts of the world, depending on the historical and political context. Economic disparity, for example, has been a major factor in many conflicts in developing countries, where tensions arise between those who have access to resources and those who do not.
Religious and ethnic differences have caused long-standing conflicts in some parts of the world, such as the Middle East, where these factors have been at the heart of the conflict.
Meanwhile, power struggles between international actors have been a major source of instability in places like Africa and the Middle East. Competition for resources has also been a major factor in global conflict, as countries battle for control of natural resources and strategic locations.
In conclusion, different causes of global conflict have been significant in the period from 1900 to the present, with varying degrees of importance in different parts of the world.
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Who is the primary enemy of Will in books 8-9 in RA?
Answer:
Tennyson isssssss
a) Briefly explain ONE specific underlying cause of the Great Depression.
b) Briefly explain ONE specific effect of the Great Depression on U.S. banking.
c) Briefly explain ONE specific action or policy of the Hoover administration that contributed to the depth of the depression.
a) One specific underlying cause of the Great Depression was the stock market crash of 1929, which led to a decline in consumer spending and investment.
What led to the market crash?The market crash caused investors to lose confidence in the economy, leading to a decline in demand for goods and services and a decrease in production, which ultimately resulted in widespread unemployment and a severe economic downturn.
b) One specific effect of the Great Depression on U.S. banking was the high number of bank failures.
As people lost their jobs and businesses went bankrupt, many individuals were unable to repay their loans, causing banks to suffer losses. This led to a wave of bank runs as depositors rushed to withdraw their money, which further weakened the banking system and contributed to the severity of the crisis.
c) One specific action or policy of the Hoover administration that contributed to the depth of the depression was the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1930.
This act raised tariffs on imported goods, which led to retaliation from other countries and a decrease in international trade. The resulting reduction in trade further weakened the already struggling economy and contributed to the severity and length of the depression.
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John Augustus supervised the probation of
1. Only those convicted of the most serious crimes
2. Men
3. Juveniles
4. Women
John Augustus oversaw option 2, or males, on probation. As the "Father of Probation," John Augustus is credited with creating the idea of probation as an alternative to incarceration.
What part did John Augustus have in the creation of probation?The investigative procedure, one of the three key ideas of contemporary probation—the other two being intake and supervision—was subsequently attributed to Augustus. The first person to use the term "probation" to describe his approach to dealing with offenders was Augustus, who kept thorough records of all of his activities.
Who is John's first probationary employee?The "Father of Probation in America," THE FIRST PROBATION OFFICER John Augustus, a shoemaker, served as the first volunteer probation officer and negotiated the release of the prisoner in 1841.
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Answer:
women, men and
juveniles
Explanation: 100%
Which of the following conditions might positively influence a community's wellness in the area of health care? A. The accessibility of grocery stores with healthy food options at an affordable price B. The availability and accessibility of hiking trails, parks, and outdoor fitness areas C. The convenience of doctor's offices and clinics with flexible operating hours D. The presence of libraries, tutoring centers, and continuing education programs
The convenience of doctor's offices and clinics with flexible operating hours would positively influence a community's wellness in the area of healthcare.
So, the correct option is c.
What is a convenient care clinic?
A convenient care clinic (also known as a retail clinic or walk-in clinic) is a healthcare facility that offers essential medical services to patients on a walk-in basis without requiring an appointment. These clinics are usually located in retail stores, supermarkets, or pharmacies to provide easy access to healthcare services for individuals with busy schedules or who may not have access to primary care physicians.
While options A and B promote healthy lifestyles, they do not necessarily address the need for healthcare services in the community. Option D promotes education and personal growth, but does not specifically address healthcare access. Access to convenient and flexible healthcare services is essential for maintaining good health, preventing and treating illness, and addressing health concerns in a timely manner.
Therefore, the c is the correct option.
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Three problem solving strategies that grade 11s may apply to overcome obstacles that may hinder attainment of their academic goals
Three problem solving strategies that grade 11s may apply to overcome obstacles that may hinder attainment of their academic goals are Developing organizational skills, Using resources and Setting realistic goals.
Developing organizational skills. Grade 11s should set up a plan and schedule to ensure they are meeting deadlines and staying on top of their school work.
Using resources. Grade 11s should utilize resources such as peer tutoring, online courses, or study groups to make sure they are able to get the best grades possible.
Setting realistic goals. Grade 11s should set realistic academic goals that they can work towards and monitor their progress to make sure they stay on track.
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Which of the following is NOT true about note taking in an academic setting? It limits the thoughts of the note-taker /None of the choices are correct /It facilitates documenting /It allows learners to outsource their memories
The claim that note-taking in an academic atmosphere "limits the thoughts of the note-taker" is FALSE. Taking notes truly aids the note-taker in structuring their ideas and thoughts.
What are the four note-taking techniques?Employ the Cornell method, lists, outlines, concept maps, and the four main note-taking techniques. Decide which techniques best fit your learning preferences and the teacher's teaching style. Use techniques to improve note-taking.
What is taking notes in class?It is a process of going through, tying together, and synthesizing concepts from your readings or lectures. Be active and interested throughout lectures, reading, and revising by taking notes. Clarify your thinking so you can understand what you're learning. Selectively note important concepts.
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identify two factors leading to the gender gap in agriculture.
Answer:
Although women make up 43% of the global agricultural workforce, the percentage of agricultural landholders or owners that are women is much lower at 20%, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Women play important and varied roles in agriculture, but they are constrained by two important types of gender gaps: women have unequal access, relative to men, to productive resources, and there is insufficient information about the roles and resources of women and men.
According to the passage, the only limitation on a kings divine right is ?
a. ) the power of church
b. ) the country’s decisions
c. ) a requirement that he do good
d. ) his own desires
Answer:
Explanation:
divine right of kings, in European history, a political doctrine in defense of monarchical absolutism, which asserted that kings derived their authority from God and could not therefore be held accountable for their actions by any earthly authority such as a parliament. Originating in Europe, the divine-right theory can be traced to the medieval conception of God’s award of temporal power to the political ruler, paralleling the award of spiritual power to the church. By the 16th and 17th centuries, however, the new national monarchs were asserting their authority in matters of both church and state. King James I of England (reigned 1603–25) was the foremost exponent of the divine right of kings, but the doctrine virtually disappeared from English politics after the Glorious Revolution (1688–89). In the late 17th and 18th centuries, kings such as Louis XIV (1643–1715) of France continued to profit from the divine-right theory, even though many of them no longer had any truly religious belief in it. The American Revolution (1775–83), the French Revolution (1789), and the Napoleonic Wars deprived the doctrine of most of its remaining credibility.
The passage implies that kings who believed in the divine right theory considered themselves to be above earthly authority, and therefore, they may not have felt that there were any significant limitations on their power. Therefore, none of the options presented may be the correct answer.
The "divine right of kings" was a political doctrine in European history that defended monarchical absolutism. It held that kings derived their authority from God, and thus were not accountable to any earthly authority such as a parliament. This theory originated from the medieval conception that God awarded temporal power to the political ruler, while spiritual power was granted to the church. However, by the 16th and 17th centuries, new national monarchs were asserting their authority in matters of both church and state. King James I of England was a prominent advocate for this doctrine, but it disappeared from English politics after the Glorious Revolution. Despite its waning credibility, monarchs such as Louis XIV of France continued to benefit from the divine-right theory. Ultimately, the American and French Revolutions, as well as the Napoleonic Wars, eroded the doctrine's remaining legitimacy.
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