two small identical conducting spheres have charges of 2.0x10-9C and - 0.5x109 C respectively when they are placed 4cm apart, what is the force between them? If they are brought into contact and then separated by 4cm, what is the force between them? ​

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

6

Explanation:

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Related Questions

What is the mass of 9.11 moles of
ozone, 03?

Answers

O3 has molar mass of 48 g/mol

Therfore I mole weighs 48 grams

9.11 moles of ozone has a mass of 9.11 x 48grams = 437grams = 0.437kg

The molecular mass of [tex]$O_{3}[/tex] is 0.43728kg

What is molecular mass?

Molecular mass exists as a number equivalent to the totality of the atomic masses of the atoms in a molecule.  The totality of the atomic masses of all atoms in a molecule is established on a scale in which the atomic masses of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen exist 1, 12, 14, and 16, respectively.

To compute the Molecular Mass of [tex]$O_{3}[/tex]

Atomic mass of oxygen(O) = 16

As [tex]$O_{3}[/tex] contains 3 atoms,

The molecular mass of [tex]$O_{3}[/tex]

= (16 x 3) = 48g/mol

Hence the mass of 9.11 moles O3

= 9.11 mol x 48g/mol

= 437.28g

= 0.43728kg

Therefore, the molecular mass of [tex]$O_{3}[/tex] is 0.43728kg

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Assuming 84.0% efficiency for the conversion of electrical power by the motor, what current must the 13.0-V batteries of a 716 kg electric car be able to supply to climb a 3.00 x 102 m high hill in 2.00 min at a constant 22.0 m/s speed while exerting 7.00 x 102 N of force to overcome air resistance and friction

Answers

Answer:

[tex]\mathbf{ current(I) =1766.67 \ A}[/tex]

Explanation:

Given that:

The air resistance and friction = 700 N

The gravity caused force = 716 × 9.8 = 7016.8

Total force = (7016.8 + 700) N

Total force = 7716.8 N

[tex]13 \times current(I) \times 0.84 = \dfrac{7716.8 \times 300}{2 \times 60}[/tex]

[tex]current(I) \times 10.92= 19292[/tex]

[tex]current(I) = \dfrac{19292}{10.92}[/tex]

[tex]\mathbf{ current(I) =1766.67 \ A}[/tex]

what is the relationship between net impulse and change in momentum?

Answers

Answer:

impulse equals the average net external force multiplied by the time this force acts. It is equal to the change in momentum.

Explanation:

Scientists have investigated how quickly hoverflies start beating their wings when dropped both in complete darkness and in a lighted environment. Starting from rest, the insects were dropped from the top of a 50 - cm tall box. In the light, those flies that began flying 200 m s after being dropped avoided hitting the bottom of the box 87 % of the time, while those in the dark avoided hitting only 25 % of the time.

Required:
a. How far would a fly have fallen in the 200 ms before it began to beat its wings?
b. How long would it take for a fly to hit the bottom if it never began to fly? In seconds.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

a )

Hoverfly will fall with acceleration equal to g .

Initial velocity of fall of hoverflies u = 0

displacement ( vertical ) h = ?

time t = 0.2 s

acceleration due to gravity g = 9.8 m / s²

h = ut + 1/2 g t²

= 0 + .5 x 9.8 x .2²

= .196 m

= 19.6 cm

b )

Time taken to fall by 50 cm or 0.5 m under free fall from initial position .

.5 = 0 + .5 x 9.8 t²

t² = .1020

t = .319 s = 319 ms .

What is electronegativity​

Answers

Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract shared electrons to itself. On the periodic table, electronegativity generally increases as you move from left to right across a period and decreases as you move down a group.

help me pls it’s a usa test prep pretty easy

Answers

Answer:

Im 99.99999% sure its c

Explanation:

i cant see the pictures too well

What current is needed in the solenoid's wires?

A researcher would like to perform an experiment in a zero magnetic field, which means that the field of the earth must be canceled. Suppose the experiment is done inside a solenoid of diameter 1.0 m, length 3.8 m , with a total of 5000 turns of wire. The solenoid is oriented to produce a field that opposes and exactly cancels the 52 μT local value of the earth's field.

What current is needed in the solenoid's wires? Express your answer with the appropriate units.

Answers

Using Ampere's Law, the magnetic field produced inside this solenoid is given by
B = uo N I / h
where uo is the vacuum permeability, N is the number of turns in the solenoid and h is the length of the solenoid. Earth's magnetic field is around 50 microteslas in North America thus the current needed in the solenoid is
I = B h / (uo N) = (50 E-6 ) (4) / ((4 pi E-7)(6000) ) = 0.026 A
I = 26 mA
So you need a current of around 26 mA.

point.
4.
i. Explain why a particle moving with a constant speed along a circular
path has a radial acceleration.
ii. Show that the acceleration of a body moving in a circular path of
radius r with uniform speed v is → and draw a diagram to show the
direction of the acceleration.
2
iii. Show that the expression à = † is dimensionally correct.​

Answers

Explanation:

Explanation: When a particle moves along a straight path, then the radius of curvature is infinitely great. This means that v2/r is zero. Explanation: When a particle moves with a uniform velocity, then dv/dt will be zero.

What is the acceleration of a .3 kg mass when there is a net force of 25.9 N on it?

Answers

Answer:

86.33m/s^2

Explanation:

Acceleration = Force/Mass

= 25.9/0.3

= 86.33

Review Conceptual Example 8 before starting this problem. A block is attached to a horizontal spring and oscillates back and forth on a frictionless horizontal surface at a frequency of 3.96 Hz. The amplitude of the motion is 5.95 x 10-2 m. At the point where the block has its maximum speed, it suddenly splits into two identical parts, only one part remaining attached to the spring. (a) What is the amplitude and (b) the frequency of the simple harmonic motion that exists after the block splits

Answers

Answer:

a)  A' =  0.345  m,  b)  f = 2,800 Hz

Explanation:

b) The angular velocity of a simple harmonic motion is

        w =[tex]\sqrt{\frac{k}{m} }[/tex]

angular velocity and frequency are related

        w = 2π f

we substitute

        f = 1 /2π   √k/m

indicates that the initial frequency value f = 3.96 Hz

in this case the mass is reduced by half

       m ’= m / 2

we substitute

       f = 2π [tex]\sqrt{\frac{k}{m} }[/tex]

       f = √1/2    (2π √k/m)

       f = 1 /√2  3.96

       f = 2,800 Hz

a) The amplitude of the movement is defined by the value of the initial depalzamienot before an external force that initiates the movement.

When the block is divided into two parts of equal masses as if it were exploding, for which we can use the conservation of moment

initial instant. Right before the division

        p₀ = (m₁ + m₁) v

final instant. Right after the split

        p_f = m₁ v '

        p₀ = p_f

        (2 m₁) v = m₁ v ’

        v ’= 2v

At this point we can use conservation of energy for the system with only half the block.

Starting point. Where the block divides

         Em₀o = K = ½ m v'²

Final point. Point of maximum elongation

          Em_f = Ke = ½ k A²

how energy is conserved

         Em₀ = Em_f

         ½ m’ v’² = ½ k A’²

we substitute the previous expressions

         ½ m/2 (2v)² = ½ k A’²

         A’² = 2  m v² / k                       (1)

Let's use the conservation of energy with the initial conditions, before dividing the block

          ½ m v2 = ½ k A2

          A² = mv² / k = 5.95 10⁻² m²

we substitute in 1

         A'² = 2 A²

           

          A ’²=  2 5.95 10⁻²

          A ’²= 11.9 10⁻² m

          A' =  0.345  m

Concept Simulation 4.1 reviews the central idea in this problem. A boat has a mass of 4490 kg. Its engines generate a drive force of 4520 N due west, while the wind exerts a force of 890 N due east and the water exerts a resistive force of 1210 N due east. Take west to be the positive direction. What is the boat's acceleration, with correct sign

Answers

Answer:

-0.54m/s²

Explanation:

According to Newton's second law of motion

F = ma

Force = mass * acceleration

Given

Mass m = 4490kg

Take the sum of forces

Sum of force along the east = 890+1210 = 2100N

Sum of forces along the west = -4520N

Net force = -4520+2100

Net force = -2420N

Acceleration = Net force/Mass

Acceleration = -2420/4490

Acceleration = -0.54m/s²

Hence the boat acceleration is -0.54m/s²

What is the average speed of an Olympic sprinter that runs 100 m in 9.88 s?

Answers

Answer:

speed = 10.1215 m/s

Explanation:

speed = distance / time

speed = 100 / 9.88 = 10.1215 m/s

Need help on another homework question

Rick places the blue lens of one pair of 3D glasses over the red lens of another pair. He then looks through both lenses at the same time. What color will he see?

A. blue
B. black
C. red
D. white

Answers

Black
Explanation : I've tried

Answer:

a

Explanation:

The map below shows major ocean currents in the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans. In general, currents flowing toward the
Equator bring cooler waters to some regions, while currents flowing away from the Equator bring warmer waters to other regions.
North
British
Isles
Askan
North Atlantic
Azor
U.S.A
California
Gulf Stream
Loop
n
Canbean
North Equatorial
North Equatorial CC
North Fuatorial
Equator
South Equatorial
Not
South Equatorial
Image courtesy of NOAA
Judging from the map, which region probably has cooler summers than it would without the effect of a nearby ocean current?
A the Central U.S.
B. the British Isles
C. the U.S. East Coast
D. the US West Coast

Answers

Answer:

d

Explanation:

the US West Coast region probably has cooler summers than it would without the effect of a nearby ocean current.

what is ocean current ?

ocean current can be defined as the horizontal movement of seawater which is produced by gravity, wind, and water density, it play an major role in the determination of climates of coastal regions.

The movement of ocean water is continuous which can be up three types such as Waves, Tides, Currents

The streams of water which flow continuously on the ocean surface in specific directions are called ocean currents, it affect the temperature of ocean water as Warm ocean currents increase the temperature whereas Cold ocean currents decrease the temperature.

The magnitude of the ocean currents is about  few centimeters per second to as much as 4 metres per second and the intensity of the ocean currents generally decreases with increasing depth.

There are two types of ocean currents such as Warm Ocean Currents

and Cold Ocean Currents

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1. A wheel with spokes of length r has four masses
attached at various points where the spokes intersect the
circumference of the wheel. The wheel and spokes are
massless and spokes are all 30° apart. Determine the net
torque on the wheel.
(A) Zero (B) 22 (C) 13/2
(D) 1

Answers

I can help here 20 q 45

Can someone please help, ty!!
Will mark brainliest.

Answers

Answer:

4. unbalanced and Accelerating

5. balance and rest

Even though Alice visits the wishing well frequently and always tosses in a coin for good luck, none of her wishes have come true. As a result, she decides to change her strategy and make a more emphatic statement by throwing the coin downward into the well. If the water is 5.43 m below the point of release and she hears the splash 0.85 seconds later, determine the initial speed at which she threw the coin. (Take the speed of sound to be 343 m/s.)

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Total time taken = 0.85 s .

Time taken by sound to travel 5.43 m + time taken by coin to fall by 5.43 m = .85

5.43 / 343 + time taken by coin to fall by 5.43 m = .85

time taken by coin to fall by 5.43 m = .85 - 5.43/343 = .834 s

Let the initial velocity of throw of coin = u

displacement of coin s  = 5.43 m

time take to fall t =  .834 s

s = ut + 1/2 gt²

5.43 = u x .834 + .5 x 9.8 x .834²

5.43 = u x .834 + 3.41

u x .834 = 2.02

u = 2.42 m /s .


what is a vector quantity?

Answers

Answer:

A quantity that has magnitude and direction. It's usually represented by an arrow whose direction is the same direction is the same as that of the quantity and whose length is proportional to the quantity's magnitude

Vector Quantity

A physical Quantity, which has magnitude, direction and units But must follow the traingle law of vector addition

Example:- Force, velocity acceleration displacement etc.

How long will it take an object traveling at 90 kilometers per hour to travel 910 kilometers?

Answers

Explanation:

time = distance / velocity

We know that distance = 910 km and velocity = 90 km/h.

t = d / v

t = 910 km / 90 km/h

t = 10.11 hrs

The object traveled for 10.11 hours long. Hope this helps, thank you !!

A rope, attached to a weight, goes up through a pulley at the ceiling and back down to a worker. The worker holds the rope at the same height as the connection point between the rope and weight. The distance from the connection point to the ceiling is 40 ft. Suppose the worker stands directly next to the weight (i.e., a total rope length of 80 ft) and begins to walk away at a constant rate of 3 ft/s. How fast is the weight rising when the worker has walked:

Answers

Complete question is;

A rope, attached to a weight, goes up through a pulley at the ceiling and back down to a worker. The worker holds the rope at the same height as the connection point between the rope and weight. The distance from the connection point to the ceiling is 40 ft. Suppose the worker stands directly next to the weight (i.e., a total rope length of 80 ft) and begins to walk away at a constant rate of 3 ft/s. How fast is the weight rising when the worker has walked:

A) 10 feet

B) 30 feet

Answer:

A) 0.728 ft/s

B) 1.8 ft/s

Explanation:

Let the the position of the worker in ft be denoted by s.

Since he begins to walk away at a constant rate of 3 ft/s, then;

ds/dt = 3 ft/s

Now, the rope will form a triangle, with width "s" and the height 40. Since distance from the connection point to the ceiling = 40 ft

Using pythagoras theorem, we can find the length of the rope on this side of the pulley.

Hence, the length of rope on this side of the pulley = √(s² + 40²)

Meanwhile, on the other side the length will be;

(80) - √(s² + 40²)

Also, height of the weight will be;

h = 40 - ((80) - √(s² + 80²))

h = √(s² + 80²) - 40

Differentiating this, we have;

dh/dt = (ds/dt) × (s/√(s² + 40²))

From earlier, we saw that ds/dt = 3 ft/s

Thus;

dh/dt = 3s/√(s² + 40²)

A) when he has walked 10 ft, it means that s = 10. Thus;

dh/dt = (3 × 10)/√(10² + 40²)

dh/dt = 0.728 ft/s

B) when he has walked 30 ft, it means that s = 30. Thus;

dh/dt = (30 × 3)/√(30² + 40²)

dh/dt = 1.8 ft/s

How much force is needed to accelerate a Kia Soul with a
mass of 1200 kg to 5 m/s2?

Answers

Answer:

[tex]\boxed {\boxed {\sf 6,000 \ Newtons}}[/tex]

Explanation:

Force is the product of mass and acceleration.

[tex]F=ma[/tex]

The mass of the Kia Soul is 1200 kilograms and its acceleration is 5 meters per square second.

[tex]m= 1200 \ kg \\a= 5 \ m/s^2[/tex]

Substitute the values into the formula.

[tex]F= 1200 \ kg * 5 \ m/s^2[/tex]

Multiply.

[tex]F= 6000 \ kg*m/s^2[/tex]

1 kilgram meter per square second is equal to 1 Newton. Our answer of 6000 kg*m/s² equals 6000 N

[tex]F= 6000 \ N[/tex]

Answer:

Given :-Mass = 1200 kgAcceleration = 5 m/s²To Find :-

Force

Solution :-

We know that

F = ma

F = Force

m = mass

a = acceleration

F = 1200 × 5

F = 6000 N

[tex] \\ [/tex]

The name of the SI unit for magnetic field strength, such as that created around a current-carrying wire, is the
.

Answers

Tesla. SI

The unit of magnetic field is tesla. It is the SI unit of magnetic field. Magnetic field is the measure of magnetic flux (Φ) per unit area. 1tesla=1wb/m
2
.

The name of the SI unit for magnetic field strength is Tesla. Magnetic fields are formed by moving electric charges.

What is Magnetic field strength?

Magnetic field strength alludes to an actual amount that is utilized as one of the essential proportions of the power of the attractive field.

The SI unit of attractive field is tesla (T). 1 Tesla is defined as the magnetic field that carries 1C charge at the speed of 1m/s which is perpendicular to the force of 1 N.

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For the questions below, include units if applicable. If necessary, use a separate sheet of paper for 1, 6c and 7c. Tire pressure is in part a function of the temperature of the tire.
1. Based on everyday experience, state (in words) the relationship between tire pressure and temperature. Look at the data below and see if the numbers support your statement.
2. Prepare a hand-drawn plot of the two variables on the reverse side of this worksheet. Include a title, axis labels (with units), and a trendline. Estimate the tire pressure when the temperature is 18.6°C: Estimate the temperature of the air in the tire when the pressure is 37.0 psi: 3.
a. Prepare a plot using graphing software. Include a title, axis labels (with units), the equation of the best-fit Line and the R? value on the graph.
b. Re-write the equation of the best-fit line substituting "Temperature" for x and "Pressure" for y directly on the graph.
c. Attach the fully labeled graph to this worksheet.
4. What is the value of the slope for the relationship between temperature and pressure?
5. Determine the percent error using the definition of percent error: Use 0.145 psi/" for the "Actual" value of the slope. %error = Actual-Experimental % Error Actual
6. Based on your computer-generated graph,
a. visually estimate the tire pressure when the temperature is 18.6°C:
b. calculate the tire pressure at this temperature using the equation of the best fit line: the graph to ensure that this value is reasonable.
c. compare the calculated pressure to the two visually interpolated values (Steps 2 and 6a). Comment on any discrepancies.
7. Based on your computer-generated graph,
a. visually estimate the temperature of the air in the tire when the pressure is 37.0 psi:
b. calculate the temperature of the air in the tire at this pressure: Use the graph to ensure that this value is reasonable.
c. compare the calculated temperature to the two visually interpolated values (Steps 2 and 7a). Comment on any discrepancies.
Data:
Temperature (x) Tire Pressure, psi (y)
12.9°C 3.39 x 10
15.4C 34.25
-2.10 F 2.68 x 10
19.5 °C 3.50 x 10
29.6 'F 36.53

Answers

Answer:

All answer are explained below in the explanation section.

Explanation:

1. The pressure varies proportionally with the change in temperature. It can also be observed in our daily lives.

As for example, a pressure cooker uses the same principal to cook food faster. With the increasing temperature, the pressure inside the cooker increases.

Thus after a while, the excess pressure inside is released through the top nozzle. The data shown below supports that pressure and temperature varies linearly.

2. Hand drawn plot is attached in the attachment please refer to the attachment for the hand drawn plot.

Tire pressure at temperature 18.6 degree C is ~ 35 psi.

Temperature at air pressure of 37 psi is ~26.1 degree C

3. a.) Necessary values are included in the stat box. It is attached in the attachment please refer to the attachment.

3. b) The equation becomes: Pressure = 0.176 x temperature + 32.32

3. c) It is already done in part a of this question.

4. The value of the slope estimated from the linear fit is 0.176 +/- 0.094.

5. % Error = [tex]\frac{Actual - Experiment}{Actual} x 100[/tex]

Plugging in the values, we get:

Actual = 0.145, Experimental = 0.176. Thus, percentage error is given by:

% Error = 21.33%

6. a.) Visual estimation of tire pressure at t = 18.6 degree C is ~ 35 psi

6.  b.) Estimation of pressure from the best fit line is given by 35.6 psi, which is consistent with the eye estimation value.

6. c.) The eye estimation and the estimation from the line fit are quite comparable. The discrepancy of +/-0.5 psi is within the percentage error calculated in 5.

7.  a.) Visual estimation of temperature of the air for a tire-pressure of 37 psi is ~ 26 degree C.

7.  b.) Estimation of temperature from best fit value of line is = 26.64 degree C

7 c) The values from eye estimation and evaluated from the fit are quite consistent within a random fluctuation of +/- 0.64 degree C.

How does altitude from the surface of earth affect the time period of a simple pendulum

Answers

Answer:

because the strength of Earth's gravitational field is not uniform everywhere, a given pendulum swings faster, and thus has a shorter period, at low altitudes and at Earth's poles than it does at high altitudes and at the Equator.

Fill in the question

Answers

4) 55m
5) 30 seconds
6) 1.83m/s

Acceleration is the rate ot change of the velacity a -dejdt so it is the slope of the Velocity vs. Time graph Because it is dficult to drag the person in a consistent and reproducible way use the Expression Evakaator under the Special Features menu for this question lick Reset A and type in the hr on z t * t * t " t in the Expression Evaluator Click the Play button and let the simulation run roughly 5 sin ulation seconds before ressing the Pause but use the zoom buttons to a 쪄 the p s they the screen You should see 8 p at s ar l what you got in the previous question, but much smoother Look at the Postion vs Time. Velocity vs Time and Acceleration vs. Time piets h
a) the velocity is zero but the acceleration is negative
When the person is 8 to to the tight of the origin
b) the velocity is zero but the acceleration is positive
c) both the velocity and the acceleration are zero
d) both the velocity and the acceleraton are nonzero

Answers

Answer:

a) the body  is changing direction,

b)the body must go to the left and the acceleration to the right

c) the movement has not started.

d) all points of the motion

Explanation:

In this exercise you are asked to find in which position you have the following characteristics of the movement

a) The velocity is zero and the acceleration is negative

This is when the body reaches the end of the travel and turns around, in this case the speed is zero and the acceleration has the opposite direction to the movement.

In this case the body moves to the right and the acceleration is to the left, therefore the speed decreases

b) The velocity is zero, but the acceleration is positive

This occurs at the points where the speed is changing direction, specifically for this case the body must go to the left and the acceleration to the right

c) Both are zero

This only occurs where the body is stopped and the movement has not started.

d) both the velocity and the relation are nonzero.

This is at all points of the motion since the velocity is constantly changing as long as there is an acceleration

As every amusement park fan knows, a Ferris wheel is a ride consisting of seats mounted on a tall ring that rotates around a horizontal axis. When you ride in a Ferris wheel at constant speed, what are the directions of your acceleration and the normal force on you (from the always upright seat) as you pass through (a) the highest point and (b) the lowest point of the ride

Answers

Answer:

Answer is explained in the explanation section below.

Explanation:

In this question, we are asked to find out the direction of acceleration and direction of the normal force acting upon us from the always upright seat.

a) You pass through the highest point:

When we sit in the Ferris wheel at the any amusement park, and when it starts rotating and the time when we reach the highest point, then the direction of of our acceleration will be towards the center or it will be towards downward direction.

And at the highest point on the Ferris Wheel, the direction of the normal force F acting upon us will be upwards.

b) You pass through the lowest point of the ride:

When we sit in the Ferris wheel at the any amusement park, and when it starts rotating and the time when we reach the lowest point, then the direction of of our acceleration will be towards the center or it will be towards upward direction.

And at the lowest on the Ferris Wheel, the direction of the normal force F acting upon us will be upwards again.

What is the weight of a 44.5 kg object?

Answers

Answer:

98.11 I think

Explanation:

I really hope this helps have a wonderful day

If a satellite is orbiting the Earth in elliptical motion, then it will move _______________ (slowest, fastest) when its closest to the Earth. While moving towards the Earth (along the path from D to A) there is a component of force in the __________________ (same, opposite) direction as the motion; this causes the satellite to ___________________ (slow down, speed up). While moving away from the Earth (along the path from A to D) there is a component of force in the _________________ (same, opposite) direction as the motion; this causes the satellite to ___________________ (slow

Answers

Answer:fastest,same,slow down,opposite,slow

Explanation:

A satellite move fastest when its closest to the Earth. The other correct options are same direction, speed up, opposite direction and slow.

Velocity of a satellite around the planet.

If a satellite is orbiting the Earth in elliptical motion, then it will move fastest when its closest to the Earth (based on Kepler's, law).

While moving towards the Earth (along the path from D to A) there is a component of force in the  same direction as the motion; this causes the satellite to speed up.

While moving away from the Earth (along the path from A to D) there is a component of force in the opposite direction as the motion; this causes the satellite to slow.

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An astronaut named Sandra Bullock has drifted too far away from her spaceshuttle while attempting to repair the Hubble Space telescope. She realizes that theshuttle is moving away from her at 3 m/s. On her back is a 10 kg jetpack which consistsof an 8 kg holding tank filled with 2 kg of pressurized gas. Without the jetpack, sheand her space suit have a mass of 80 kg.

Required:
a. She is able to use the gas to propel herself in the same direction as the shuttle. The gas exits the tank at a uniform rate with a constant velocity of 100 m/s, relative to the tank (and her). After the gas in the tank has been released, what is her velocity?
b. After this, she throws her empty tank into space and relies on the conservation of momentum to increase her speed to match that of the shuttle. With what velocity (in her frame of reference!) will she have to throw the tank?

Answers

Answer:

a) v_f = 0.898 m / s, b)   v₂ = -6.286 m / s

Explanation:

a) For this exercise we use the conservation of momentum, we define a system formed by the astronaut, her equipment and the expelled gases. We must also define a stationary frame of reference, let's place the system on the platform, so the speed of the subject is v = -3 m / s

Initial instant. Before you start to pass gas

        p₀ = (M + Δm) v

M is the mass of the astronaut M  = 80Kg and Δm the masses of the gases

Final moment. When you expel the gases

        p_f = M (v + Δv) + Δm (v-v_e)

where v_e is the gas velocity v_e = 100 m / s

momentum is conserved

        p₀ = p_f

        M v + Δm v = Mv + M Δv + Δm v -Δm ve

          0 = M Δv - Δm v_e

         

if we make the very small quantities Δv → dv and Δm → dm, furthermore the quantity of output gas is equal to the decrease in the total mass dm = -dM

         M dv = -v_e dM

         ∫ dv = - v_e ∫ dM / M

We solve, between the lower limits v₀ = v with M = M₀   and the upper  limit v = v_f for M = M_f

 

         v_f - v₀ = - v_e (ln M_f - Ln M₀)

         v_f - v₀ = v_e ln ([tex]\frac{M_o}{M_f}[/tex])

         v_f = v₀ + v_e ln (\frac{M_o}{M_f})

let's calculate

         v_f = -1.3 + 100 ln (80 + 10 + 2/80 + 10)

          v_f = -1.3 +2.20

          v_f = 0.898 m / s

b) launch the jetpack to increase its speed up to the speed of the platform

  initial instant. Before launching the tanks

        p₀ = (M + m') v_f

final instnte. After launching the tanks

       p_f = M v₁ + m' v₂

indicate that the final velocity of the astronaut is the platform velocity v₁=0 m / s, since the reference system is fixed on it

       p₀ = p_f

       (M+ m) v_f = M v₁ + m v₂2

       v₂ = [tex]\frac{ M ( v_f - v_o) + m' v_f}{m'}[/tex]

        v₂ = [tex]\frac{M}{m}[/tex] (v_f -v₁) + v_f

let's calculate

        v₂ = 80/10 (0.898 - 0) + 0.898

        v₂ = -7.1874 + 0.898

        v₂ = -6.286 m / s

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