The second law of thermodynamics can be worded in different ways, such as a.) heat can flow spontaneously from a hot object to a cold object, or b.) the total entropy of any system plus that of the environment increases as a result of natural processes. Why are these statements equivalent

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

The principal reason why these statements are equivalent and identical is that there can be a progressional flow of heat from a hot object item to a cold object because of this entropy is increasing and expanding Δg < 0 but stream flow from cold to hot is nonspontaneous as Δg > 0.

e.g [tex]dS = \dfrac{\delta Q}{T}[/tex]

As found in heat engines and refrigerators.


Related Questions

Is the Swedish timber industry more likely a result of good resource availability or a lack of trees elsewhere on Earth?

Answers

Answer:

The forest products industry plays a major role in the Swedish economy, and accounts for between nine and 12 percent of Swedish industry's total employment, exports, sales and added value. It includes companies within the pulp and paper industry, as well as the wood-mechanical industry.

Classify the following as either an element, compound, homogeneous mixture or
heterogeneous mixture:
sodium chloride

Answers

Sodium chloride is the chemical name for salt and is composed of sodium and chlorine, so it is a compound.

A chemistry student is given 4.00 L of a clear aqueous solution at 22°C. He is told an unknown amount of a certain compound X is dissolved in the solution. The student allows the solution to cool to 22 C. The solution remains clear. He then evaporates all of the water under vacuum. A precipitate remains. The student washes, dries and weighs the precipitate. It weighs 0.56 kg.

Required:
Using only the information above, Calculate the solubility of X in water at 22° C. If you said yes, calculate it Be sure your answer has a unit symbol and 2 no .0 it. significant digits.

Answers

Answer:

The responses to the given points can be defined as follows:

Explanation:

In point 1:

The answer is "No".

In point 2:

The mass of solute = The mass of precipitate [tex]= 0.56\ kg =0.56\ \times 1000 = 560 \ g[/tex]

Calculating the solubility:

[tex]= \frac{\text{mass of solute in g}}{\text{volume of solution in ml}}\\\\ = \frac{560}{ 4000} \\\\ = 0.14 \ \frac{g}{ml}[/tex]

It is often possible to change a hydrate into an anhydrous compound by heating it to drive off the water (dehydration). A 45.91 gram sample of a hydrate of MnSO4 was heated thoroughly in a porcelain crucible, until its weight remained constant. After heating, 37.07 grams of the anhydrous compound remained. What is the formula of the hydrate

Answers

Answer: The formula of the hydrate is [tex]MnSO_4.2H_2O[/tex]

Explanation:

Decomposition of hydrated manganese sulphate is given by:

[tex]MnSO_4.xH_2O\rightarrow MnSO_4+xH_2O[/tex]

Molar mass of [tex]MnSO_4[/tex] = 151.0 g/mol

According to stoichiometry:

(151.0+18x) g of [tex]MnSO_4.xH_2O[/tex] decomposes to give 151.0 g of [tex]MnSO_4[/tex]

Thus 45.91 g of [tex]MnSO_4.xH_2O[/tex] decomposes to give= [tex]\frac{ 151.0}{151.0+18x}\times 45.91g[/tex]  of [tex]MnSO_4[/tex]

Also we are given : 37.07 g of  [tex]MnSO_4[/tex] is produced

Thus we can equate the two equations:

[tex]\frac{ 151.0}{151.0+18x}\times 45.91=37.07[/tex]

[tex]x=2[/tex]  

Thus the formula of the hydrate is [tex]MnSO_4.2H_2O[/tex]

What is the mass of 4.50mol Ca

Answers

I can easily work out the molar mass of Ca3PO4 - but I do not see any reason to do this.

There is no such compound

If you want the molar mass of tricalcium phosphate , then the correct formula is Ca3(PO4)2 .

For purposes of calculating the molar mass it is easier to write: Ca3P2O8

Ca = 40.078g/mol *3 = 120.234g

P = 30.974g/mol *2 = 61.948g

O = 15.999g/mol *8 = 127.992g

Total = 310.174g/mol

Mass of 4.5 mol = 310.174g/mol *4.5mol = 1395.783g
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Related Questions (More Answers Below)

is the sun the only star in our solar system

Answers

Answer:

Hey mate......

Explanation:

This is ur answer.......

The largest star, and indeed the only star in our solar system, is the sun. The sun is a bit under a million miles across. About 110 Earths put side by side would equal the size of the sun. The sun has 99.8 percent of the mass of our solar system.

Hope it helps!

Mark me brainliest pls......

Follow me! :)

yes hahahahahahah......

i What
What is ment by
ment by covalency?​

Answers

When an element shares electrons with other atoms of the same or different elements to acquire stable electronic configuration, it is called covalency. If an atom shares 1 electron, its covalency is equal to 1. ... It needs 3 electrons to complete its octet.

Sonni added 23.79 mL of KOH to 20.00 mL of 0.393 M HF until the equivalence point was reached. What is the concentration of conjugate base at the equivalence point after the initial neutralization?

Answers

Answer:

0.1795 M

Explanation:

From the given information:

The equation is:

[tex]\mathbf{HF_{(aq)}+ KOH_{(aq)} \to KF _{(aq)} + H_2O}[/tex]

From the above equation, the reaction will go to completion due to the strong base:

At the equivalence point, moles of acid (HF) will be equal to moles of base (KOH)

[tex]\text{Number of moles = Volume} \times Molarity[/tex]

Thus. since moles of HF = moles of KOH

Then; 0.020 × 0.393 M = 0.02379 × (x) M

(x) M = [tex]\dfrac{0.02 \times 0.393 \ M}{0.02379}[/tex]

(x) = 0.3304 M

Thus, the molarity of KOH = 0.3304 M

Using the balanced neutralization reaction;

moles of HF = moles of KOH = moles of conjugate base = 0.00786 mol

Volume = 0.020 L + 0.02379 L

Volume = 0.04379 L

Volume of the solution =  0.04379 L

Therefore; Molarity = [tex]\dfrac{moles}{volume}[/tex]

Molarity = [tex]\dfrac{0.00786 \ mol}{0.04379 \ L}[/tex]

Molarity = 0.17949 mol/L

= 0.1795 M

After the initial neutralization, the molarity at the equivalence point will be:

"0.17949 mol/L"

Concentration of solution

According to the question,

→ HF (aq) + KOH (aq) [tex]\rightarrow[/tex] KF (aq) + H₂O

Since, moles of HF = moles of KOH

We know that,

Number of moles = Volume × Molarity

→ 0.020 × 0.393 = 0.02379 × M

By applying cross-multiplication,

The molarity of KOH be:

M = [tex]\frac{0.02\times 0.393}{0.02379}[/tex]

   = [tex]\frac{0.00786}{0.02379}[/tex]

   = 0.3304 M

By using balanced neutralization reaction,

Volume = 0.020 + 0.02379

             = 0.04379 L

hence,

The molarity will be:

= [tex]\frac{Moles}{Volume}[/tex]

By substituting the values,

= [tex]\frac{0.00786}{0.04379}[/tex]

= 0.17949 mol/L

Thus the response above is correct.

Find out more information about concentration here:

https://brainly.com/question/24595796

Calculate the [H+] for
(a) black coffee with a pH of 3.59

Answers

Do you have a picture for the problem?

What is the standard temperature? Express your answer in kelvins to two decimal places.

Answers

Answer:

The standart temperature is 273.15 degrees Kelvin

Explanation:

Answer:

i would say its 0 degrees celcius

Explanation:

What is a similarity between a fish embryo and a human embryo in the late stages of development?
They both have tails
They both have gills.
They both have spines.
They both have arms.

Answers

They both have gills

Answer:In the LATER stages of development they would have a spine

Explanation:

In Which State of matter are molecules moving the slowest
A. Solid
B. Liquid
C. Gas

Answers

Answer:

Solid

Explanation:

Molecules in solids only vibrate in place, while the other two have moving molecules

It is solid because it has the most tightly packed Particles

To prepare a buffer solution with a pH of 4.1, which acid should be used?
glycine: pka = 2.35
benzoic acid: pka = 4.19
hydrobromous: pKa = 8.7

Answers

Answer:

benzoic acid: pka = 4.19

Explanation:

Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture ?A.pizza B.oxygen
C.tea
D .pure water

Answers

I think it would be d bc water is everywhere

Which of the following is NOT part of STP?
O O Fahrenheit
O 1 Atmosphere
O 273 Kelvin
O 101.3 kiloPascals

Answers

Answer:

Farenheit

Explanation:

STP is used to measure standard temperature and pressure -- it uses Kelvin for temperature, not Farenheit.

What is the concentration of a 500 mL solution with 25 mol of HF? Write your answer with TWO decimal places and round accordingly.

Answers

Answer:

oop I'm thinking hmmmmm

You heat water and olive oil in two separate pans for a delicious new pasta recipe. The pans are the same temperature, but only the water is boiling! Why?

A
Olive oil has weaker intermolecular forces than water. This makes the intermolecular forces in oil easier to break, and keeps the molecules stuck together in a liquid state.

B
Water has weaker intermolecular forces than olive oil. This makes the intermolecular forces easier to break, allowing the individual water molecules to separate and change to a gas.

C
Water is losing electrons more quickly than olive oil is. The electrons float to the surface of the water, and their movement allows the phase change to happen.

Answers

Answer:

I think A is the correct answer

Answer: the answer is B 100%

Is this equation balanced: AgNO3 + 2 KCl -->AgCl + KNO3 Yes No

Answers

Answer:

No

Explanation:

AgNO₃ + KCl --> AgCl + KNO₃

This reaction is a precipitation reaction. AgCl is formed as a white solid due to its low solubility in water.

what climate is Colorado in?
A.Most Subtropical Mid-Latitude
B.Polar
C.Moist ContinentaMid-Latitiude
D.Dry​

Answers

Answer:

b

Explanation:

Answer:

D. Dry

Explanation:

Colorado's combination of high elevation, midlatitude, and continental interior geography results in a cool, dry climate.

________ exercise strengthens skeletal muscle, and ________ exercise strengthens skeletal and cardiac muscle.
a.resistance, aerobic
c.
aerobic, resistance
b.
aerobic, aerobic
d.
resistance, resistance

Answers

Answer:

... :-!...................nose...........

What is a hot spot?
Own words

Answers

Answer: Hotspot: A hotspot is a physical location where people can access the Internet, typically using Wi-Fi, via a wireless local area network (WLAN) with a router connected to an Internet service provider. ... While many public hotspots offer free wireless access on an open network, others require payment.

A hot spot is an area on Earth over a mantle plume or an area under the rocky outer layer of Earth, called the crust, where magma is hotter than surrounding magma. The magma plume causes melting and thinning of the rocky crust and widespread volcanic activity.

Explanation: MY own word's.

What is the formula for Dicarbon trioxide

Answers

Answer:

diboron trioxide Formula: B 2 O 3 Molecular weight: 69.620 CAS Registry Number: 1303-86-2

Explanation:

hope that helps you╰(*°▽°*)╯

There are eight diastereomers of 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane. One of them is drawn. Draw the other seven in the cyclohexane framework below (5 points). One isomer loses HCl in an E2 reaction nearly 1000 times more slowly than the others. Circle the isomer that reacts so slowly, draw its corresponding chair conformers and explain the reason for the slow rate. (5 points).

Answers

Answer:

Attached below diagram of the eight diastereomers

The Isomer that reacts so slowly is DIASTEREOMER 8

Explanation:

The Isomer that reacts so slowly is DIASTEREOMER 8 in an E2 reaction and this is because no pair of chlorine and hydrogen atoms can assume the anti-periplanar orientation that is preferred in an E2 elimination

attached below is Diagram of the eight diastereomers ( screen shot from my drawing tool )

Which of the following wavelengths has the lowest frequency?
10mm
10nm
10km
10cm
10m

Answers

Answer:

10m es su respuesta

Explanation:

espero te sirva

How Ever Gets This RITE IS REWARDED BRAINLIEST and 25 points get it rite

Answers

can you show the options? i'm pretty sure it's "before"

Answer:

the answer is According to fossil records scallops live before dinosaurs

Explanation:

before

can u identify a chemical equation for the saponification of olive oil as per your experiment?
I​

Answers

yes you can identify it depending on the experiment made

How many grams of ( S ) - 1 - chloro - 4 - ethyl - 2 - methylhexane and triphenylphosphine would you need to create 4 . 1 5g of ( S ) - 1 - chloro - 4 - ethyl - 2 - methyl triphenylphosphonium assuming an 8 1 % yield for the reaction?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

The standard molar mass is:

For (S )-1-chloro-4-ethyl-2-methylhexane = 162.5 g/mol

For triphenylphosphine  = 262 g/mol

For  ( S )-1-chloro-4-ethyl-2-methyl triphenylphosphonium = 424.5 g/mol

The mass required for 81% yield = [tex]\dfrac{81}{100} \times Theoretical \ yield = 4.15 g[/tex]

Theoretical yield = [tex]\dfrac{4.15}{0.81}[/tex]

= 5.1235 g

thus, since 424.5 g yield produce from 162.5 g

5.1235 g yield will produce = [tex]\dfrac{162.5}{424.5}\times 5.1235 \ g[/tex]

= 1.9613 g of alkyl halide (-chloro) required.

Also, since 424.5 g yield produce from 262 g phosphine

5.1235 g yield will produce = [tex]\dfrac{262}{424.5}\times 5.1235 \ g[/tex]

= 3.1622 g of triphenylphosphine required.

Question 17 of 20
The reactants of a chemical equation have 1 Satom and 40 atoms. Which
set of atoms must also be found in the equation's products so that the
equation models the law of conservation of mass?
A. 4 S and 40
B. 1 S and 40
C. 1 S and 10
O D. 4 S and 10

Answers

Answer:

B) 1S and 40

hope it helps

Answer:

b is ur answer

Explanation:

1S and 4O

anyone help with the percent yield questions?

Answers

Answer:

oof this is way to hard sry man

Explanation:

What is the hydrogen ion concentration ([H']) of a substance with a pH of 4.91?

Answers

Answer:

The pH of a solution is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution. A solution with a high number of hydrogen ions is acidic and has a low pH value. A solution with a high number of hydroxide ions is basic and has a high pH value. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with a pH of 7 being neutral.

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