The objective of this task is to use Scapy to estimate the distance, in terms of number of routers, between your VM and a selected destination. This is basically what is implemented by the traceroute tool. In this task, we will write our own tool. The idea is quite straightforward: just send a packet (any type) to the destination, with its Time-To-Live (TTL) field set to 1 first. This packet will be dropped by the first router, which will send us an ICMP error message, telling us that the time-to-live has exceeded. That is how we
This project is based on SEED labs by Wenliang Du, Syracuse University.
get the IP address of the first router. We then increase our TTL field to 2, send out another packet, and get the IP address of the second router. We will repeat this procedure until our packet finally reach the destination. It should be noted that this experiment only gets an estimated result, because in theory, not all these packets take the same route (but in practice, they may within a short period of time). The code in the following shows one round in the procedure
a = IP()
a.dst '1.2.3.4
a.ttl = 3
b = ICMP()
send (a/b)
If you are an experienced Python programmer, you can write your tool to perform the entire procedure automatically. If you are new to Python programming, you can do it by manually changing the TTL field in each round, and record the IP address based on your observation from Wireshark. Either way is acceptable, as long as you get the result
Task: Sniffing and-then Spoofing
In this task, you will combine the sniffing and spoofing techniques to implement the following sniff- and-then-spoof program. You need two VMs on the same LAN. From VM A, you ping an IP X. This will generate an ICMP echo request packet. If X is alive, the ping program will receive an echo reply, and print out the response. Your sniff-and-then-spoof program runs on VM B, which monitors the LAN through packet sniffing. Whenever it sees an ICMP echo request, regardless of what the target IP address is, your program should immediately send out an echo reply using the packet spoofing technique. Therefore, regard-less of whether machine X is alive or not, the ping program will always receive a reply, indicating that X is alive. You need to use Scapy to do this task. In your report, you need to provide evidence to demonstrate that your technique works.

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is this even a legit question

lower cabinet is suitable for storing and stocking pots and pans true or false​

____________ reference is used when you want to use the same calculation across multiple rows or columns.
​

2. It is the art of creating computer graphics or images in art, print media, video games.
ins, televisions programs and commercials.
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Write a SELECT statement that returns one row for each customer that has orders with these columns: The email_address from the Customers table

A count of the number of orders

The total amount for each order

(Hint: First, subtract the discount amount from the price. Then, multiply by the quantity.) Return only those rows where the customer has more than 1 order. Sort the result set in descending sequence by the total amount . Hint: You will join three tables together. Returns 3rows of data.

Questions done up until #4: https://pastebin.com/LwSKknPi

all questions before and after:

Write a SELECT statement that returns these columns:

The count of the number of orders in the Orders table

The sum of the tax_amount columns in the Orders table

Returns 1 row of data.

Write a SELECT statement that returns one row for each category that has products with these columns:

The category_name column from the Categories table

The count of the products in the Products table

The list price of the most expensive product in the Products table

Sort the result set so the category with the most products appears first.

Hint: You will join two tables together. Returns 3 rows of data.

Write a SELECT statement that returns one row for each customer that has orders with these columns:

The email_address column from the Customers table

The sum of the item price in the Order_Items table multiplied by the quantity in the Order_Items table

The sum of the discount amount column in the Order_Items table multiplied by the quantity in the Order_Items table

Sort the result set in descending sequence by the item price total for each customer.

Hint: You will join three tables together. Returns 7 rows of data.

Modify the solution to exercise 4 so it only counts and totals line items that have an item_price value that’s greater than 400. Returns 2 rows of data.

Write a SELECT statement that answers this question: What is the total amount ordered for each product? Return these columns:

The product name from the Products table

The total amount for each product in the Order_Items (Hint: You can calculate the total amount by subtracting the discount amount from the item price and then multiplying it by the quantity)

Use the WITH ROLLUP operator to include a row that gives the grand total.

Hint: You will join two tables together. Returns 10 rows of data.

Write a SELECT statement that answers this question: Which customers have ordered more than one product? Return these columns:

The email address from the Customers table

The count of distinct products from the customer’s orders

Hint: You will join three tables together. . Returns 3 rows of

You should write the client so that it sends 10 ping requests to the server, separated by approximately one second. Each message contains a payload of data that includes the keyword PING, a sequence number, and a timestamp. After sending each packet, the client waits up to one second to receive a reply. If one second goes by without a reply from the server, then the client assumes that its packet or the server's reply packet has been lost in the network.Hint: Cut and paste PingServer, rename the code PingClient, and then modify the code. The two programs follow very similar process.You should write the client so that it starts with the following command:java PingClient host portwhere host is the name of the computer the server is running on and port is the port number it is listening to. Note that you can run the client and server either on different machines or on the same machine.The client should send 10 pings to the server. Because UDP is an unreliable protocol, some of the packets sent to the server may be lost, or some of the packets sent from server to client may be lost. For this reason, the client cannot wait indefinitely for a reply to a ping message. You should have the client wait up to one second for a reply; if no reply is received, then the client should assume that the packet was lost during transmission across the network. You will need to research the API for DatagramSocket to find out how to set the timeout value on a datagram socket.When developing your code, you should run the ping server on your machine, and test your client by sending packets to localhost (or, 127.0.0.1). After you have fully debugged your code, you should see how your application communicates across the network with a ping server run by another member of the class.Message FormatThe ping messages in this lab are formatted in a simple way. Each message contains a sequence of characters terminated by a carriage return character (r) and a line feed character (n). The message contains the following string:PING sequence_number time CRLFwhere sequence_number starts at 0 and progresses to 9 for each successive ping message sent by the client, time is the time when the client sent the message, and CRLF represent the carriage return and line feed characters that terminate the line.

which internet service is the main reason the internet has expanded and what draws newcomers to the internet?