The hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is represented by the equation below. This reaction is critically important in cellular biology, but the reaction itself proceeds at a very slow rate. Based on the information given, which of the following best explains why an enzyme (biological catalyst) is required for the reaction to occur at a faster rate?

ATP+ H2O ADP+ Pi
ΔG= -30.5Kj/mol

a. Because ΔG < 0, the hydrolysis of ATP is not thermodynamically favorable. In cells, ΔS is increased by increasing the amount of H2O consumed, resulting in ΔG >0 and an increase in the reaction rate.
b. Because ΔG < 0, the hydrolysis of ATP is not thermodynamically favorable. In cells, enzymes act as catalysts that decrease ΔH for the reaction, resulting in ΔG >0 and an increase in the reaction rate.
c. Although the hydrolysis of ATP is thermodynamically favorable, without a catalyst the reaction occurs at a very slow rate because it has a small activation energy.
d. Although the hydrolysis of ATP is thermodynamically favorable, without a catalyst the reaction occurs at a very slow rate because it has a large activation energy.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

d. Although the hydrolysis of ATP is thermodynamically favorable, without a catalyst the reaction occurs at a very slow rate because it has a large activation energy.

Explanation:

Hello!

In this case, since negative Gibbs free energies of reaction stand for thermodynamically favored processes, we can immediately rule out choices a. and b.

Moreover, since the reaction is slow without the presence of a catalyst, which the context of biochemistry is an enzyme, we infer that correct choice is d. Although the hydrolysis of ATP is thermodynamically favorable, without a catalyst the reaction occurs at a very slow rate because it has a large activation energy because the higher the activation energy the slower the reaction according to the Arrhenius equation.

Best regards!


Related Questions

Name the following alkene compound

Answers

The alkene compound is called 1-Butene.

A student dissolves 12.1 g of potassium chloride (KCl) in 250. g of water in a well-insulated open cup. He then observes the temperature of the water fall from 21.0 °C to 17.1 °C over the course of 6.9 minutes. Use this data, and any information you need from the ALEKS Data resource, to answer the questions below about this reaction:

KCl(s) → K (aq) + Cl (aq)

a. Is this reaction exothermic, endothermic, or neither?
b. Calculate the reaction enthalpy ΔH.rxn per mole of KCI.

Answers

Answer:

a. Endothermic

b. 26.37kJ/mol

Explanation:

a. As we can see, the temperature of the water is decreasing when the reaction is occurring, that means the reaction is absorbing heat and is endothermic

b. To find the enthalpy we must find the change in heat when 12.1g of KCl are dissolved. Using the equation:

Q = -m*ΔT*C

Where Q is change in heat

m the mass of solution (250g + 12.1g = 262.1g)

ΔT is change in heat (17.1°C - 21.0°C = -3.9°C)

And C is specific heat of the solution (4.184J/g°C assuming is the same than the specific heat of water).

Replacing:

Q = -262.1g*-3.9°C*4.184J/g°C

Q = 4277J = 4.28kJ

As reaction enthalpy is the change in heat per mole of reaction, we must find the moles of 12.1g of KCl:

Moles KCl -Molar mass: 74.55g/mol-:

12.1g KCl * (1 mol / 74.55g) = 0.1623 moles KCl

The reaction enthalpy us:

4.28kJ / 0.1623mol = }

26.37kJ/mol

Write the formulas for the reactants and products. Balance the chemical equation.

Combination/Synthesis Reaction:

Sodium + Oxygen —>

Answers

Explanation:

2Na+O2=2N2Ois balanced one

Identify the acid,
Base and salt of following.
b) lime water
d) potassium oxide
coppor sulphate
( vinegar​

Answers

Answer:

Lime water Ca(OH)2 is a base

Potassium oxide K2O is a basic oxide

Copper sulphate CuSO4 is a salt

And vinegar is an acid

Explanation:

Observe: Select the Show polar molecule inset checkbox. The animation shows the probable location of electrons (orange dots) in a polar molecule. A. What do you notice about the distribution of the electrons? B. How does this electron distribution affect the charges of the bonded atoms?

Answers

Answer:

A. In a polar molecule, the bond is polar covalent. That is, the electrons are shared but are slightly more attracted to the more electronegative atom. That part of the molecule has a negative partial charge density, and the other has a positive partial charge density (there is no symmetry in the distribution of the electricity density)

B. Charges are not affected, the molecule is neutral because electrons are shared. A molecule has the same number of electrons and protons which balance the charges in a molecule. Since all atoms are electrically neutral, then when they combine the form of a neutral molecule.

Explanation:

To determine polarity, the geometry of the molecule must be taken into account to determine the distribution of atoms and their electronegativity (tendency to attract electrons) to determine to which points of the molecule the electrons will be most attracted.

Atoms can share electrons to form chemical bonds and thus form different compounds. In the case of non-polar molecules, when formed in a covalent bond (two atoms bond by sharing valence electrons reaching "stable octet") between equal atoms, the molecule is neutral since it has zero electric charge. In this type of bond there is no change in the oxidation number of the atoms because their shared electrons are equidistant. Covalent bonds in which the electrons are shared equally are called non-polar covalent bonds. This is because the atoms are just the same, they have the same electronegativity, so they "attract" the electrons with the same force and the electrons surround the atoms equally. The charge density distribution is the same for both, there is asymmetry in the distribution of it.

Polar molecules are formed when bonds are formed by different atoms with large differences in electronegativity. The molecule is electrically neutral as a whole because it has an equal number of positive and negative particles, but there is no symmetry in the distribution of the electricity density. A polar bond is one in which a pair of electrons is more attracted to one of the atoms. This causes one end of the molecule to acquire a positive partial charge density and the other end of the molecule to acquire a positive partial charge density and the other end of the molecule to acquire a negative partial charge.

So, as a summary:

A. In a polar molecule, the bond is polar covalent. That is, the electrons are shared but are slightly more attracted to the more electronegative atom. That part of the molecule has a negative partial charge density, and the other has a positive partial charge density (there is no symmetry in the distribution of the electricity density)

B. Charges are not affected, the molecule is neutral because electrons are shared. A molecule has the same number of electrons and protons which balance the charges in a molecule. Since all atoms are electrically neutral, then when they combine the form of a neutral molecule. Only ions do not have a neutral electrical charge because of the process of gaining or losing electrons. An ion with a positive electrical charge is called a cation, and an ion with a negative electrical charge is called an anion.

Answer please I need help

Answers

Answer:

Explanation::::

how many litres of hydrogen is present in 12 grams of hydrogen​

Answers

Answer:

10 the power of 23 hydrogen atom

MQ : Which parts of the brain had most likely been affected?

Answers

Answer:

the cerebrum

Explanation:

answer is A

Who made the first periodic table

Answers

The other dude is rude wrong

The correct answer is Dmitri Mendeleev

What is the correct name for Cr2O3?

A. Chromium trioxide
B. Chromium(III) oxide
C. Dichromium trioxide
D. Chromium(II) trioxide ​

Answers

B is correct
Hope that helped
The answer would be B! I hope this helps!

HELP ASAP PLS. The melting of a glacier is an example of the interactions among which of Earth’s spheres?


A. geosphere, troposphere, cryosphere


B. atmosphere, geosphere, cryosphere


C. atmosphere, asthenosphere, biosphere


D. hydrosphere, asthenosphere, atmosphere

Answers

Answer:

d. hydrospher, asthenosphere, atmosphere

Answer:

its actually b atmosphere, geosphere, cryosphere atmosphere

Explanation: atmosphere is most likely the heat in the air or the water evaporating , cryosphere is the ice that forms the glaciers. and thats how i know im not sure about geosphere but i know its none of the others ones hope this helps :D

QUESTION 7 Can you use alligation for any type of liquid? ​

Answers

Answer:

Yes you can use alligation for a type of liquid. Explanation: Alligation is an old and practical method of solving arithmetic problems related to mixtures of ingredients.

Matter are anything that is made up of atoms. The quantity of matter can be observed only on the basis of mass and volume calculation. Thus, we can use allegation for any type of liquid.

What is matter?

Matter is a substance that has some mass and can occupy some volume. The matter is mainly used in science. Matter can be solid, liquid or gas.

Matter is anything that is made up of atoms. Anything around us that can be physically seen and touched are matter. Ice, water and water vapors are example of matter.

Mass can also be represented as number of molecules. We also saw that matter occupy some volume and that volume is measured only in liter. Allegation is a form of liquid that we may utilize. Allegation is a time-tested and useful strategy for tackling mathematical issues involving combinations of elements.

Thus, we can use allegation for any type of liquid.

To learn more about matter, here:

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What is the mass of 2.2 moles of magnesium chloride? With work shown

Answers

MgCl2 =24+2*35.5 = 95 g/mol
Mass MgCl2 = (2.2 mol) (95g/mol) =209 g
Can u mark brainliest?
Not sure
m=Mn
m=2.2(no. Of moles)*24.305(from the periodic table)
m=53.471

What is the activation energy of a reaction?
A. The energy that is given off when a reaction happens
B. The kinetic energy of the colliding molecules
C. The speed at which the molecules must be moving in order to
react
D. The energy the molecules must have in order to react
SUBMIT

Answers

Answer:

D i took it aswell

Explanation:

The energy the molecules must have in order to react. Hence, option D is correct.

What is activation energy?

Activation energy is the sufficient amount of energy necessary to initiate a chemical reaction.

It can also be said as the minimum amount of energy needed to energize molecules or atoms so that they can undergo a chemical reaction or transformation.

Hence, the energy the molecules must have in order to react.

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kylie jenner wants to test if red or pink lipstick makes her lips look bigger. what is the independent variable here?

Answers

Answer:

her ugly duck lips

Explanation:

Answer:

her lips.

Explanation:

the dependent variable is the lip stick because it changes but her lips do not actually change at all, ......i think. ;)

The sum of all the potential energy and kinetic energy is an object is equal to its______

due today pls help! :(

Answers

Answer:

total mechanical energy

If someone is building a scale model of our solar system which characteristic would be the most difficult to build into the model?
1#The relative sizes of the objects
2#The colors of the objects
3#The distances between objects
4#The composition of the objects

Answers

Answer:

The composition of the objects because not all the planets have been explored

Why does there appear to be another duck head in the water?
A
The water in the pond reflects light from the Sun, making a mirror image
B
The molecules in the atmosphere refract the light, splitting it into two ima
С
The duck scatters the light, making hundreds of tiny refractions that collec
D
The bottom of the pond absorbs the light, then projects it toward the surfa

Answers

Answer:

it's A. The water in the pond reflects light from the Sun, making a mirror image

Explanation:

i just took the test

plzzzzzzz help asap its just one question plzzzzz its in the file <3

Answers

Answer:

There are 6 atoms of oxygen in 2Ca(NO3)2

a molecure that contains 3 iddentical polar bonds to the central atom will be

Answers

ANSWER:

Nonpolar

sorry if I'm wrong

What do scientists use to answer scientific questions?

A. A scientific guidebook
B. The scientific method
C. A scientific law
D. The atomic theory ​

Answers

Scientists uses scientific methods and well designed experiments to solve a scientific question. They can use some laws and previous scientific records as an aid.

What is a scientific question ?

A scientific question arises from selected topic under study. A scientific question addresses a natural phenomenon, a socially relevant problem or a any personal curiosity.

The scientific question must be testable. The first prediction for the question based on observation and scientific records is called the hypothesis.

The hypothesis must be tested using a well designed scientific experiment based on a scientific method. The methodology should be clearly specify what to collect and how to use them. Hence, option B is correct.

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What are the main parts of a simple electrie motor, like the one found inside a remote control car? O a generator, wires, and turbine magnets and coils of wire O electromagnets only​

Answers

Answer:

A DC power supply, commutator, rotor armature, axle, and a field magnet.

A 75.0 sample of a natural product isolated from alfalfa hay was dissolved in water to make 100.0 mL of solution. The solution did not conduct electricity and has an osmotic pressure of 0.246 atm at 27.0c. What is the molar mass of this compound

Answers

Answer:

Sorry i dont know

Answer:

What is the vapor pressure of an aqueous solution that has a solute mol fraction of c = 0.100? The vapor pressure of water is 25.756 mm Hg at 25°C.

12) The vapor pressure of an aqueous solution is found to be 24.9 mm Hg at 25°C. What is the mole fraction of solute in this solution? The vapor pressure of water is 25.756 mm Hg at 25°C.

9) Determine the molarity of an aspirin solution that produces an osmotic pressure of 0.0555 atm at 25°C (i = 1).

10) A saline solution is administered intravenously to patients who cannot take fluid orally and are in danger of dehydration. The osmotic pressure of this solution must match that of blood to prevent hemolysis or crenation of blood cells. What mass of sodium chloride (58.44 g/mol) is needed to produce 100.0 mL of saline solution with an osmotic pressure of 7.83 atm at a body temper

Explanation:

What are some positive and negative things about living near a volcano?

Answers

Pros and cons If a volcano erupts, homes can be destroyed, and thousands could be left homeless, or could be killed.
If a volcano erupts a lot of wildlife could be killed, and many species can go extinct because of the eruptions.
If lava is flowing onto a road, people cannot out run it.
People can suffocate on ash

MEDICAL FORENSICS

please help me i only get one chance to do this please

Answers

Answer:

i think the answer is b temperature

Answer:

no

Explanation:

Which of the following statements best goes with the Law of Conservation of Energy?
all energy conversions are 100% efficient
O all energy from the sun is transferred to organisms directly by the 10% rule
O all of the sun's energy is either transformed into kinetic energy, and eventually heat energy
O all matter cannot be created or destroyed

Answers

Answer:

all letter cannot be created or destroyed just transformed

A fly hits a windshield of a truck. The truck exerts a force on the fly, and
the fly exerts an equal and opposite force back on the windshield.

A. Newton’s first law
B. Newton’s second law
C. Newton’s third law

Answers

Answer:

A fly hits a windshield of a truck.

Explanation:

newton's first law

Beryllium oxide, Beo, is an electrical insulator. How
many moles of beryllium oxide qre in a 250 gram
sample of the compound?

Answers

Answer:

There are 10.0 moles of beryllium oxide in a 250 grams sample of the compound.

Explanation:

We can calculate the number of moles (η) of BeO as follows:

[tex] \eta = \frac{m}{M} [/tex]

Where:

m: is the mass = 250 g

M: is the molar mass = 25.0116 g/mol

Hence, the number of moles is:

[tex] \eta = \frac{250 g}{25.0116 g/mol} = 10.0 moles [/tex]

Therefore, there are 10.0 moles of beryllium oxide in a 250 grams sample of the compound.  

I hope it helps you!

A balloon is filled with 30L of helium gas at 1atm.What is the volume when balloon rises to an attitude where the pressure is only 0.25 atm?

Answers

Answer:

[tex]V_2=120L[/tex]

Explanation:

Hello!

In this case, since Helium is undergoing a volume-pressure change, according the Boyle's law, we infer the following equation is used:

[tex]P_1V_1=P_2V_2[/tex]

Thus, since we are not given the volume at 0.25 atm, we can solve for V2 to do so:

[tex]V_2=\frac{P_1V_1}{P_2}[/tex]

Thus, we plug in to obtain:

[tex]V_2=\frac{1atm*30L}{0.25atm}=120L[/tex]

Best regards!

The final volume of the balloon at the given altitude is 120 L.

The given parameters;

initial volume of the balloon, V₁ = 30 Linitial pressure, P₁ = 1 atmfinal pressure of the balloon, P₂ = 0.25 atm

The final volume of the balloon at the given altitude is calculated by applying Boyles law as follows;

[tex]P_1 V_1 = P_2 V_2\\\\V_2 = \frac{P_1V_1}{P_2} \\\\V_2 = \frac{30 \times 1 }{0.25} \\\\V_2 = 120 \ L[/tex]

Thus, the final volume of the balloon at the given altitude is 120 L.

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what does the picture depict about ecology?​

Answers

There is no picture
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