Explanation:
Introduction
Plants have evolved different reproductive strategies for the continuation of their species. Some plants reproduce sexually while others reproduce asexually, in contrast to animal species, which rely almost exclusively on sexual reproduction. Plant sexual reproduction usually depends on pollinating agents, while asexual reproduction is independent of these agents. Flowers are often the showiest or most strongly-scented part of plants. With their bright colors, fragrances, and interesting shapes and sizes, flowers attract insects, birds, and animals to serve their pollination needs. Other plants pollinate via wind or water; still others self-pollinate.
Asexual Reproduction
Vegetative reproduction is a type of asexual reproduction. Other terms that apply are vegetative propagation, clonal growth, or vegetative multiplication. Vegetative growth is enlargement of the individual plant, while vegetative reproduction is any process that results in new plant “individuals” without production of seeds or spores. It is both a natural process in many, many species as well as a process utilized or encouraged by horticulturists and farmers to obtain quantities of economically-valuable plants. In this respect, it is a form of cloning that has been carried out by humanity for thousands of years and by plants for hundreds of millions of years. Sexual Reproduction and The Flower
The flower is the reproductive organ of plants classified as angiosperms. All plants have the means and corresponding structures for reproducing sexually. The basic function of a flower is to produce seeds through sexual reproduction. Seeds are the next generation, serving as the primary method in most plants by which individuals of the species are dispersed across the landscape. Actual dispersal is, in most species, a function of the fruit (a structural part that typically surrounds the seed).
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Plants and sexual reproduction: Plants that reproduce sexually often achieve fertilization with the help of pollinators such as (a) bees, (b) birds, and (c) butterflies.
Sexual Reproduction in Gymnosperms
Gymnosperms produce both male and female gametophytes on separate cones and rely on wind for pollination.
image
Male and female gametophytes: These series of micrographs shows male and female gymnosperm gametophytes. (a) This male cone, shown in cross section, has approximately 20 microsporophylls, each of which produces hundreds of male gametophytes (pollen grains). (b) Pollen grains are visible in this single microsporophyll. (c) This micrograph shows an individual pollen grain. (d) This cross section of a female cone shows portions of about 15 megasporophylls. (e) The ovule can be seen in this single megasporophyll. (f) Within this single ovule are the megaspore mother cell (MMC), micropyle, and a pollen grain.
Female Gametophyte
The female cone also has a central axis on which bracts known as megasporophylls are present. In the female cone, megaspore mother cells are present in the megasporangium. The megaspore mother cell divides by meiosis to produce four haploid megaspores. One of the megaspores divides to form the multicellular female gametophyte, while the others divide to form the rest of the structure. The female gametophyte is contained within a structure called the archegonium.
Reproductive Process
Upon landing on the female cone, the tube cell of the pollen forms the pollen tube, through which the generative cell migrates towards the female gametophyte through the micropyle. It takes approximately one year for the pollen tube to grow and migrate towards the female gametophyte. The male gametophyte containing the generative cell splits into two sperm nuclei, one of which fuses with the egg, while the other degenerates. After fertilization of the egg, the diploid zygote is formed, which divides by mitosis to form the embryo. The scales of the cones are closed during development of the seed. The seed is covered by a seed coat, which is derived from the female sporophyte. Seed development takes another one to two years. Once the seed is ready to be dispersed, the bracts of the female cones open to allow the dispersal of seed; no fruit formation takes place because gymnosperm seeds have no covering.
how do populations and communities affect one another?
Answer:
How can a change in one population affect the entire community in an ecosystem? If one population dies out, all the populations that depend on that species for food may also die out. A change in one population affects the entire community because all the populations of a community depend on each other.
Explanation:
Athletes train at high altitude, thereby increasing the number of red blood cells, to improve their
performance. How might an increase in the number of red blood cells improve an athletes
performance?
Answer:
Preparing at moderate height may improve ocean level execution in perseverance competitors. This was noted after the 1968 Olympics in Mexico City (7600 feet) when a few competitors found an improvement in their presentation after re-visitation of ocean level. Be that as it may, different competitors didn't see any distinction in execution. Studies have indicated improved high-impact power in sprinters who prepared at 6,000 feet for 10 days at that point performed at low elevation. Lower oxygen levels at elevation invigorate EPO prompting expanded red platelets or hematocrit. This viably permits more oxygen to be conveyed to the tissues. Basically, this is blood doping the regular way.
Late examinations do propose profits by 'preparing low' and 'dozing high'. This incorporates hypoxic tents that numerous competitors are presently utilizing. These tents have a generator that extricates oxygen from the air, establishing a moderate height climate. Competitors at that point rest/relax in them for a few hours per day. This invigorates erythropoietin, subsequently expanding the hematocrit (red platelet tally). Without a doubt the 'live high, train low' idea may permit the best blend. One examination separated 39 contenders into three preparing gatherings; living and preparing adrift level, living at height and preparing adrift level, living at elevation and preparing at height. The two gatherings who inhabited height had expanded red platelets and VO2max, however just the gathering who lived high and prepared adrift level had improved race times. One clarification for this is that the live high, train low gathering can prepare more diligently and better use their blood's oxygen conveying limit. As a result of expanded red cell creation, all competitors preparing as well as resting at elevation should ensure they have proper iron stores and nourishment. This is particularly valid for ladies, as they will in general have lower iron stores because of occasional loss of blood through monthly cycle.
Explanation:
Which of the following move through convection currents? Select all that apply.
A. Air in the atmosphere
B. The mantle moving tectonic plates
C. Ocean currents
D. The water cycle
2. Which of the following correctly describes the action of water molecules in the wood frog's body as winter approaches and temperatures fall?
Molecules gain thermal energy.
Molecules change state from a liquid to a gas. Molecules increase in speed, spreading farther apart from one another
Molecules lose energy, moving closer together.
Answer:
Molecules lose energy, moving closer together.
A cell in the stem tip of a corn plant contains 20 chromosomes. After this cell divides, how many chromosomes should each resulting daughter cell contain?
What is a responding variable
Answer:
A responding variable is a variable that the researcher predicts will change if the manipulated variable changes. A responding variable is also called a dependent variabl
The zebra mussel is an invasive species. Which statement is most likely true if the zebra mussel is introduced to a new environment without predators?
A. Zebra mussels will disrupt the community and cause native species to decline as they eat all the food.
B. Zebra mussels will not cause a significant change in the community.
C. Zebra mussels will become part of the climax community.
D. Zebra mussels will become the keystone species.
Answer:
A.
Explanation:
when given that a species is invasive you can read through the answers and determine which description sounds invasive
Newton's third law of motion states that whenever a first object exerts a force on a second object, the first object experiences a force equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the force that it exerts
Question 5 options:
True
False
I need help from someone who's actually helpful and smart please
Answer:
true
Explanation:
i took the test
The statement "Newton's third law of motion states that whenever a first object exerts a force on a second object. The first object experiences a force equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the force that it exerts" is true.
What is Newton's third law?
His third law argues that there is an equal and opposite reaction to every action (force) in nature. When object A pulls on item B, object B pulls back on object A with an equal and opposing force. In other words, interactions lead to forces.
According to the first law, until a force acts on an item, it will not alter its motion. According to the second law, an object's force is determined by multiplying its mass by its acceleration. According to the third law, when two objects interact, they exert equal-sized and opposite-direction pressures upon one another.
Therefore, the statement is true.
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Question 3(Multiple Choice Worth 6 points)
Study the graph below. At what depth does the thermocline begin?
A line graph relating ocean depth to water temperature. At 0 meters, temperature is approximately 27°C. At 100 meters, temperature is approximately 24°C. At 200 meters, temperature is approximately 11°C. At 300 meters, temperature is approximately 8°C.
Public Domain
0 meters
100 meters
200 meters
300 meters
Answer: 100 meters
Explanation:
The thermocline begins at 100 meters of depth. Thermocline is a transition oceanic water layer between deep and surface water in which water temperature decreases rapidly with increasing depth. From the given graph it cam be seen that at 100 meters the thermocline begins such that the temperature drops from to.
FYI we just learned about this
You overhear Kali describing her trip to the ocean to a friend. She explains that she waded out onto the continental rise, but was careful not to go too far, because she didn’t want to reach the steep decline of the continental slope. What part of her story needs to be corrected?
A. She needed to be careful of the continental shelf, not the slope.
B. She was on the continental shelf, not the continental rise.
C. She was on the continental slope and needed to be careful of the rise.
D. Continental slopes are not steep declines, they are gradual.
Answer:
B. She was on the continental shelf, not the continental rise.
Explanation:
The continent first contacts the ocean at the continental shelf. After a while, the continental shelf ends in a steep decline known as the continental slope. The continental slope eventually levels out into a gradually sloping continental rise which eventually becomes the ocean floor.
The part of her story that needs to be corrected is that she was on the continental shelf, not the continental rise. The correct option is B.
What is continental shelf?A continental shelf is a portion of a continent that is submerged beneath a shallow body of water known as a shelf sea.
During glacial periods, sea level drops exposed many of these shelves. The shelf surrounding an island is known as an insular shelf.
The continental shelf is where the continent first makes contact with the ocean. The continental shelf eventually ends in a steep decline recognized as the continental slope.
The continental slope eventually flattens out and becomes a gradually sloping continental rise, which eventually becomes the ocean floor.
Her story needs to be corrected because she was on the continental shelf, not the continental rise.
Thus, the correct option is B.
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Some state laws prohibit utilities from charging more money for water than the cost of producing and delivering it. A 2015 ruling in California called one city's tiered pricing structure illegal because of state laws. How does the definition of "cost" affect such rulings?
probiotics by making it something
Explanation:
i
What object allows all light to pass through?
Answer:
Glass, for example, is transparent to all visible light. Translucent objects allow some light to travel through them. Materials like frosted glass and some plastics are called translucent. When light strikes translucent materials, only some of the light passes through them
Explanation:
. Answer D would be it. A window.
How could plants living in an industrial area be affected by smog?
Answer: The ground level ozone present in the smog also inhibits plant growth and causes immense damage to crops and forests. ... The smog results in mortifying impacts on the environment by killing innumerable animal species and green life as these take time to adapt to breathing and surviving in such toxic environments.
Explanation:
A type of air pollution in which the fog and smoke get mixed in the atmospheric air is called smog. It causes opacity and odour in the environment.
Smog is released from the factory that contains carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and smoke from the outlets.
Smog blocks the sunlight and the chemical released goes into the root system of plants interfering with the plant metabolic processes.
This causes damages to the leaves of plants and inhibits the plant process.
Therefore, smog from industries kills the plant.
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what energy-carrying molecule is created in this process?
Answer:
ATP is the energy-carrying molecule produced by the mitochondria through a series of chemical reactions.
Explanation:
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Answer:
A. To take in oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
Explanation:
If the heart moves blood, the only logical answer would be A because blood is either oxygenated or deoxygenated.
Which of the following correctly identifies the function relationship of covalent bonds?
How do some economists refer to natural resources?
O labor
Oland
O capital
O all of the above
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In Gregor Mendel's study with the color or peas, which ones were dominant and which ones were recessive?
Answer:
The peas with the purple flowers were dominant and the peas with the white flowers were recessive.
Explanation:
In Gregor Mendel's study, he studied pea plants with purple flowers and white flowers. The purple flowers were dominant, and whenever the allele for a purple flower was present is was visible on the plant. The white flowers were recessive because if an allele for a purple flower was present, then the flower was purple. The flowers were only white if both alleles were for white flowers.
The 56 chromosomes a baby sea turtle got from its parents contain all of its genes. Each of those genes is composed of a segment
of what biological polymer?
Use the same article to examine the movement of the continents.
Theory of Plate Tectonics
Which phrase describes the movement of the continents?
only coming together
only moving apart
coming together and moving apart
not moving; always in one solid land mass
Answer:
coming together and moving apart
Explanation:
what is an anther in a flower for?
Why is the sugar called deoxyribose?
Answer: The sugar in DNA is called a deoxyribose because it doesn't have a hydroxyl group at the 2' position. Instead it just has a hydrogen
Explanation:
how does nonradom matting affect the gene pool
Answer:
I think it's, the nonrandom mating is defined solely in terms of departures from HW proportions for neutral alleles, without reference to phenotypes. The impact is measured in terms of genetic parameters, such as genetic variance, expected gene flow, and Δ F, assuming the infinitesimal model and mass selection.
Tidal energy is produced through the use of tidal energy generators. These large underwater turbines are placed in areas with high tidal movements, and are designed to capture the kinetic motion of the ebbing and surging of ocean tides in order to produce electricity.
Answer:
Alternative energy
Explanation:
How can the amino acid chain of one protein be different from the amino acid chain of another protein?
Answer:
Proteins
Explanation:
Choose all (3) that are correct. Cells become specialized:
A. immediately after conception occurs.
B. from stem cells.
C. in order to perform different functions.
D. when certain genes are expressed while others are not
Answer:
B. from stem cells.
C. in order to perform different functions.
D. when certain genes are expressed while others are not
Explanation:
A is the only one not correct because conception happens in meiosis which is a whole different process! Hope this helps :)
Answer: A
Explanation:
List a few of the ways that Thuret tells us we can control neurogenesis. Specify whether the activity increases or decreases neurogenesis.
A classmate explains that igneous rocks can be changed to metamorphic rock by first being melted into magma and then cooling. What correction needs to be made to this statement?
Answer:
Cooled magma becomes igneous rock
Explanation:
Took the quiz
Rocks can be created in a variety of ways, such as when sand is crushed or when volcanoes erupt.
What are rocks?There are three different types of rocks: metamorphic, sedimentary, and igneous. These rocks can all alter. In actuality, any rock may transform into any other kind of rock.
Condensation and cooling: The Earth's interior can experience temperatures hot enough to produce magma. Igneous rock is created as crystals develop in the cooling magma.
If the lava cools gradually, as it does if it stays inside the Earth for an extended period, the crystals enlarge. The crystals will be very tiny if the magma cools quickly. Crystallization is the process by which crystals emerge from magma.
Therefore, Rocks can be created in a variety of ways, such as when sand is crushed or when volcanoes erupt.
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1. Make a prediction of how self-control impacted the GPA of the students in the study and explain WHY you think so. 2. Then answer one of these questions: What helps you control yourself?
What makes you feel out of control?
What makes you fearful?
What helps you feel calm?
Answer:
Explanation:
1. A study conducted by Tangney, Baumeister, and Boone, indicates that self-control not only could predict GPA, but also better adjustment, better interpersonal, secure attachment, and more optimal emotional responses.
2. Start by slowing your thinking down. Take slow deep breaths. Take yourself to a quiet place. By learning how to recognize our inner emotions and thoughts, name them, and let them pass through us, we can practice more self-control, which also helps build greater agency.