[tex]4.80 \times 10^3 \text { seconds }[/tex] long does it take to boil away 2.40 kg of the liquid.
Boiling point of He is [tex]$T=4.2 \mathrm{k}$[/tex]
Latent heat of vapourization [tex]$L=2.00 \times 10^4 \mathrm{~J} / \mathrm{kg}$[/tex]
Power of electrical heater [tex]$P=30 \mathrm{w}$[/tex]
mass of liquid is [tex]$m=2.40 \mathrm{~kg}$[/tex]
amount of heat required to boil
[tex]$$\begin{aligned}&Q=m L \\&Q=2.40 \times 2 \times 10^4 \mathrm{~J} \\&Q=4.80 \times 10^4 \mathrm{~J}\end{aligned}$$[/tex]
Power [tex]$p=\frac{\text { work }}{\text { time }}=\frac{\text { Energy }}{\text { Time }}$[/tex]
[tex]$$\begin{aligned}P &=\frac{Q}{t} \\\text { tine } t &=\frac{Q}{P}=\frac{4.80 \times 10^4 \mathrm{~J}}{10} \\t &=4.80 \times 10^3 \text { seconds }\end{aligned}$$[/tex]
The heat or energy that is absorbed or released during a substance's phase shift is known as latent heat. It could go from a solid to a liquid or from a liquid to a gas, or vice versa. Enthalpy, a characteristic of heat, is connected to latent heat.
The heat that is used or lost as matter melts and transitions from a solid to a fluid form at a constant temperature is known as the latent heat of fusion.
Due to the fact that during softening the heat energy anticipated to transform the substance from solid to fluid at air pressure is the latent heat of fusion and that the temperature remains constant during the process, the "enthalpy" of fusion is a latent heat. The enthalpy change of any quantity of material during dissolution is known as the latent heat of fusion.
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Vanillin is a flavoring agent which occurs naturally in the vanilla bean, the seed of an orchid. identify the functional group circled. carboxylic acid aldehyde carbonyl alcohol ketone
The correct answer is aldehyde.
An ether group, a hydroxyl group, and an aldehyde group may all be found in the structure of vanillin. Vanillin is known by the IUPAC designation 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzaldehyde. This demonstrates that ether is the least preferred group, followed by hydroxyl and aldehyde.
Only three other carbon atoms are connected to the carbon atom that is bonded to the aldehyde group. Except for the methyl group in ether, there are no other carbon atoms connected to 4 distinct groups that create a chiral centre in the aromatic ring. Additionally, the methyl group is not chiral since hydrogen is connected to three of its surfaces. Furthermore, we proved that a chiral centre is necessary for a molecule to be chiral.
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when you clicked on the center of the ball to track its vertical (y-direction) motion, what did you notice about the separation between the horizontal segments?
The separation between successive segments first decreased and then increased with time.
What are Vectors?A vector is a quantity or phenomenon with independent properties for both size and direction. The mathematical or geometrical representation of a quantity is another use of the term. Vectors can be found in nature as force, momentum, electromagnetic fields, weight, and velocity. A scalar is a number or phenomenon that just shows magnitude and no discernible direction. Scalars include things like velocity, mass, electrical resistance, and hard disc storage capacity. Weight is the force by the acceleration of gravity g acting on mass m. In mathematics and physics, the term "vector" is used informally to describe some quantities that cannot be described by a single number or by a set of vector space elements.
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How would we change the design so the voltage remains closer to 5 v when the load is connected? how would this affect the life of the battery?
We link the AC voltages in series to raise the voltage and increase the output voltage. Because your system is consuming current while the measurement is being taken, you are lowering some voltage across the internal impedance of the battery.
What is impedance ?Z stands for impedance, which is a statement of the resistance to alternating and/or direct electric current that an electronic component, circuit, or system offers. Resistance and reactance are two independent scalar (one-dimensional) phenomena that make up the vector (two-dimensional) quantity known as impedance.
When a school marching band is prevented from taking part in a parade because they cannot pay the bus' gas expenses, that is an example of impedance. A line of resistance within an electrical current is an illustration of impedance.
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Find the work done by winding up a hanging cable of length 26 ft and weight density 2 lb/ft. round your answer to two decimal places, if necessary.
The work done by winding up a hanging cable of length 12 ft and weight density of 2 lb/ft is 676 ft/lb.
Consider that the entire hanging cable is lifted by 26 feet and there is a weight density of 2 pounds per feet.
Then, the work done by hanging is
W = ∫2x dx from 0 to 26
W = 676 ft/lb.
When a force moves something over a distance, work is done. The energy transferred, or work done, can be calculated by multiplying the force by the distance moved in the direction of the force.
Work done = force × distance moved in the direction of the force = energy transferred.
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The radius of the galaxy is 3x1020 m. how fast would a spaceship have to move to cross from one edge of the galaxy to the opposite edge in 300 years as measured by a clock onboard the spaceship?
The speed will be equal to 6.67 x 10¹⁷ meters per year.
What is speed?Speed is defined as the ratio of the time it takes for a body to cross a distance to the time it takes. Since it is a scalar quantity, speed cannot be represented by a direction.
Given that the radius of the galaxy is 3x1020 m. The time to cross one edge to another edge of the galaxy is 300 years.
The speed will be calculated by using the formula below:-
S = ( 2 x 3 x 10²⁰ ) / 300
S = 6.67 x 10¹⁷ Meters per year.
Therefore, the speed will be equal to 6.67 x 10¹⁷ meters per year.
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Planet building occurs through the process of ____, which involves the clumping of small particles into larger masses.
Planet building occurs through the process of accretion which involves the clumping of small particles into larger masses.
What is accretion?Its spatial period is known as the wavelength, which in physics is the distance that a periodic wave cycles across. It is a characteristic of both traveling waves and standing waves as well as other spatial wave patterns. It is the separation between two successively related wave points of the same phase, such as two close-by crests, troughs, or zero crossings. The inverse of the wavelength is known as the spatial frequency. It is commonly denoted by the Greek letter lambda, which is also known as the "wavelength." Also usually referred to as having a wavelength are the sinusoidal wave envelopes, modulated waves, and waves produced by the interference of several sinusoids. When a sinusoidal wave is thought to be moving at a constant speed, the relationship between wavelength and frequency is inverse.
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a ball is thrown horizontally from the top of a building 29.8 m high. the ball strikes the ground at a point 48.2 m from the base of the building. the acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s 2 . find the time the ball is in motion. answer in units of s.
The ball will be in motion for about 2.44 seconds due to the free-fall.
What do you mean by free-fall?Free fall is any motion of a body in which gravity is the only force acting on it according to Newtonian mechanics. A body in free fall experiences no force according to general relativity, which reduces gravitation to space-time curvature. When something is in "free fall" in a technical sense, it may not necessarily be going down in the traditional sense of the word. Normally, an object traveling upwards might not be thought of as falling, but if it is solely being affected by gravity, it is said to be in free fall. As a result, the Moon is falling freely around the Earth, even if its fast orbital speed keeps it far from the planet's surface.
According to the question:
the ball is in motion for time, t = ?
initial velocity along y direction = 0
along y direction; h = 1/2gt²
from the above equation:
t = √2h/g
t = √(2×29.8)/9.8
t = 2.44seconds
Hence the ball will remain in motion for about 2.44seconds under free fall.
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if the electric field is suddenly turned off, what is the speed of the sphere at the bottom of its swing (in m/s)?
The speed of the sphere at the bottom of the swing is 2.182 m/s if the electric field is turned off.
What is Law conservation of Mechanical energy?The sum of the Kinetic energy and the potential energy is known as the total Mechanical Energy.
[tex]U_f +K_f=U_i+K_i[/tex]
Where, [tex]U_{f}[/tex] and [tex]K_{f}[/tex] are final potential energy and kinetic energy respectively.
[tex]U_{i}[/tex] and [tex]K_{i}[/tex] are initial potential energy and kinetic energy respectively.
The total Mechanical energy of the system remains constant if the internal forces are conservative and the external forces do no work. This is called the Principle of conservation of energy.
The length of the string L = 2.3
As the electric field is turned off, then it just behaves like a simple pendulum.
Hence, using the Conservation of mechanical energy, in the pendulum, at the bottom the total energy is conserved and the kinetic energy and mechanical energy are equal.
Let the mass of the sphere be m and the velocity of the sphere be v,
Kinetic energy (K) = 1/2 mv²
Potential energy(P) = mgL
g = 9.8 m/s²
Equating both the energies,
K = P
1/2 mv² = mgL
v² = 2gL
v=[tex]\sqrt{2gL}[/tex]
[tex]v=\sqrt{2\times9.8\times24\times10^{-3}}[/tex]
v = 2.182m/s
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If light from one star is 40 times brighter (has 40 times more flux) than light from another star, what is their difference in magnitudes?
The difference between the magnitudes of stars will be 4.0 magnitudes.
What is the Magnitude of a Star?The term magnitude is used to refer to a star's brightness.
Two different magnitudes are used by astronomers to describe stars. The brightness of the star as seen from Earth is known as its apparent magnitude. The perceived brightness is the basis for the magnitude scale. Astronomers can use this to establish the star's exact absolute magnitude. The real brightness of the star is measured by its absolute magnitude.
According to the question, the difference between the magnitude of two stars will be :
[tex]m_b-m_a[/tex]=2.5 log([tex]I_A/I_B[/tex]) where,
[tex]m_a[/tex] and [tex]m_b[/tex] is the magnitude of star A and Star B and,
[tex]I_A[/tex] and [tex]I_B[/tex] is the intensity of star A and Star B
As per the given value, the intensity ratio of the two stars is :
[tex]I_A/I_B[/tex]=40
So, by using the formula :
[tex]m_B-m_A[/tex]=2.5 log([tex]I_A/I_B[/tex])
=2.5 log (40)
=4.0 magnitudes.
Hence, the magnitude difference between two stars is 4.0 magnitudes.
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How to draw wavelength in physics
Wave length photo attachment
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A 230 000 v-rms powerline carries an average power pavg = 250 mw a distance of 200 km. if the total resistance of the cables is 10 ohms, what is the resistive power loss?
the resistive power loss is 12 MW(megha watt)
Given One, the ademas voltage is 23, and the average power is stated as 2 50 MW (megha watt). Their average output will be between 15 and 10.06 watts or 2.50 megawatts when they view the entire planet. According to Ohm's law, the voltage across two places is precisely proportional to the current flowing through a conductor between them. As a result, V = RI, where R is the resistance constant. R is dependent on the conductor's dimensions as well as its composition
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The vector 2A has
A. twice the magnitude and opposite
direction as vector A.
B. same magnitude and twice the direction
of vector A.
C. twice the magnitude and twice the
direction of vector A.
D. twice the magnitude and the same
direction as vector A.
Answer:
D. Twice the magnitude and the same direction as vector A.
Explanation:
When multiplying a vector by a scalar (a number), the length changes but the direction stays the same.
Therefore, vector 2A is twice the magnitude of vector A, but in the same direction as vector A.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Here the given vector to us is 2A . Here A is a vector and 2 is a Scalar number. say when you multiply a Scalar x by vector y the magnitude becomes x *y but the direction remains same . as scalar quantities have only magnitude but no direction. Here A is multiplied by 2 so the magnitude becomes 2 times but the direction remains same.
So from the given options option D , twice the magnitude and the same direction as vector A is the correct answer.
A person is sitting in a car watching a traffic light. The light is 14. 5 m away.
When the light changes color, how long does it take the new color of light to
travel to the driver so that he can see it? State your answer in nanoseconds.
v=3. 00*10^8 m/s
The time taken by the light to travel to the driver is 48.3 x 10^-9 seconds or 48.3 nanoseconds.
The speed of a light wave is given by the following formula,
Speed = Distance/Time
The distance to be covered and the velocity of the light waveis given. From the given information the time taken by the wave to travel the distance can be calculated,
Putting distance = 14.5 m and speed = 3 x 10^8 m/s
3 x 10^8 m/s = 14.5 m/Time
Time = 48.3 x 10^-9 seconds or 48.3 nanoseconds.
Thus, the time taken by the light to travel to the driver is 48.3 x 10^-9 seconds or 48.3 nanoseconds.
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The time taken by the light to travel to the driver is 48.3 x 10^-9 seconds or 48.3 nanoseconds.
The speed of a light wave is given by the following formula,
Speed = Distance/Time
The distance to be covered and the velocity of the light wave is given. From the given information the time taken by the wave to travel the distance can be calculated,
Putting distance = 14.5 m and speed = 3 x 10^8 m/s
3 x 10^8 m/s = 14.5 m/Time
Time = 48.3 x 10^-9 seconds or 48.3 nanoseconds.
Thus, the time taken by the light to travel to the driver is 48.3 x 10^-9 seconds or 48.3 nanoseconds.
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The composition and properties of a(n) _______ are always constant throughout a given sample and from sample to sample.
Answer:
object material or a bodie
a nonconducting wall carries charge with a uniform density of 8.15 µc/cm2. (a) what is the electric field 5.25 cm in front of the wall if 5.25 cm is small compared with the dimensions of the wall?
The electric field in front of the wall will be 4.61 × 10⁹ N/C.
What is the electric field?An electrostatic force is a natural environment that covers electric polarization and acts as an attractor or repellent to all other energetic particles in the vicinity. It can also refer to a network of charged particles' test performance.
The electric field is given as,
E = σ / 2ε₀
Where σ is the charge per unit area, ε is the permeability (8.85 x 10⁻¹² N-m² / C²).
A non-conducting wall carries a charge with a uniform density of 8.15 µc / square cm.
The charge per unit area of the wall will be
σ = 8.15 × 10⁻⁶ C/cm²
σ = (8.15 × 10⁻⁶ C/cm²) × (100 cm / m)²
σ = 8.15 × 10⁻² C/m²
Then, at a distance of 2.00 cm, the electric field will be
E = 8.15 × 10⁻² / 2(8.85 x 10⁻¹²)
E = 4.61 × 10⁹ N/C.
The electric field in front of the wall will be 4.61 × 10⁹ N/C.
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(01.05 lc) the label on the car's antifreeze container claims to protect the car between −40°c and 140°c. to covert celsius temperature to fahrenheit
The label on the car's antifreeze container claims to protect the car between −40°c and 140°c. The Celsius temperature to Fahrenheit are -40°F and 284°F respectively.
What is Temperature?Temperature, measure of hotness or coldness expressed in terms of any of several arbitrary scales and indicating direction in which heat energy will spontaneously flow—i.e., from a hotter body (one at higher temperature) to a colder body (one at a lower temperature). Temperature is not equivalent of the energy of a thermodynamic system; e.g., a burning match is at a much higher temperature than an iceberg, but the total heat energy contained in an iceberg is much greater than energy contained in a match. Temperature, similar to pressure or density, is called an intensive property—the one that is independent of the quantity of matter being considered—as distinguished from extensive properties, such as mass or volume.
Three temperature scales are there in general use today. The Fahrenheit (°F) temperature scale is used in the United States and few other English-speaking countries. The Celsius (°C) temperature scale is standard in virtually all countries that have adopted the metric system of measurement, and it is widely used in sciences. The Kelvin (K) scale, an absolute temperature scale (obtained by shifting the Celsius scale by −273.15° so that absolute zero coincides with 0 K), is recognized as the international standard for the scientific temperature measurement.
Now the to convert Celsius to Fahrenhite:
°F = (°C * 1.8) + 32
=(−40°*1.8)+32
=-40°
°F = (°C * 1.8) + 32
=(140°c*1.8)+32
=284°
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A car is rolling backwards when I hit the gas after 8.2 five seconds it is movie Florida 8.62 M/s is 12.9m to the right of its starting point
The correct answer -5.49 m/s.
The data is provided as follows.
Initial velocity (u) =?, Final velocity (v) = 8.62 m/s.
Time is 8.25 seconds, and the distance is 12.9 meters.
As a result, the following formula can be used to determine beginning velocity.
v = v_0 + at
8.62 m/s = v_0 + a×8.25
v_0 = 8.62-8.2a ____(1)
s = v_0×t +1/2 a ×t^2 _____(2)
As a result, enter the value from equation (1) into equation (2) in the manner described below.
s =8.62m/s-8.25a×t+1/2 a×t^2 ______(3)
Now enter the following values for s and t into equation (3).
12.9 m = (8.62-a×8.25)×8.25+1/2 a× (8.25)^2
a= 1.71 m/s^2
As a result, the value of initial velocity using equation (1) will be as follows.
v_0=8.62-8.25×1.71
v_0=-5.49 m/s
As a result, we may say that the car's beginning speed is -5.49 m/s.
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where m and m are masses and r is the separation distance. the dimension of force is specified by the equation f
The equation of the force between the two masses separated by distance r, is determined as Gmm/r².
Equation of force between the two masses
The equation of the force between the two masses is determined from Newton's law of universal gravitation as shown below.
f = Gmm/r²
where;
G is universal gravitation constantm is mass in kgr is distance in mf is force in NThus, the equation of the force between the two masses separated by distance r, is determined as Gmm/r².
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In complete sentences please
We have enough information to deduce what the chart is about.
What is the chart about?A bar chart is one of the means that we can use to present data. It has the advantage that it can be used for comparison. We can use it to show the influence of different factor levels on one variable.
Now the graph is about the use of social media among teenagers in the united states. It is obvious from the graph that we can see the percentage of teenagers that report that they use a particular social media and those who report it as their most used.
Looking at the chart, we can see clearly that the x axis has to do with different kinds of social media and the vertical y axis has to do with the percentage of the people that use the social media. Thus, we can see the information about the chart clearly.
Hence, we have enough information to deduce what the chart is about.
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Calculate the components of the following projectile's velocity
1. v = 35 m/s 0 = 15° vx =, vy=
2. v = 35 m/s 0 = 30° vx = , vy=
3. v= 35 m/s 0 = 45° vx = ,vy=
Projectile motion is the motion of an object thrown (projected) into the air. After the initial force that launches the object, it only experiences the force of gravity. The object is called a projectile, and its path is called its trajectory. As an object travels through the air, it encounters a frictional force that slows its motion called air resistance. Air resistance does significantly alter trajectory motion, but due to the difficulty in the calculation, it is ignored in introductory physics.
the components of the following projectile's velocity into X- the axis and Y - axis
1. vx = 35 cos15° and vy sin15°
2. vx = 35 cos30° and vy sin30°
3. vx = 35 cos45° and vy sin45°
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Light can be described in terms of wavelength, or as consisting of small packets of energy called? ions. photons. electrons. pulsars.
Light consisting of small packets of energy called photons
Even though light mostly behaves like a wave, it can also be claimed that it is composed of tiny energy packets called photons. Despite being light and thin, photons are always energetic. The energy of a photon changes with wavelength; longer wavelengths have less energy than shorter ones. Red photons, for instance, have lower energy than blue ones.
Scientists believed that electromagnetic radiation was only made up of waves up until about 1900. Then, Max Planck and others found that some metals and other materials release electrons when exposed to light while studying the photoelectric effect. They believed that more electrons would be released from the metal as brightness or intensity rose.
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What must the charge (sign and magnitude) of a 1.48-g particle be for it to remain stationary when placed in a downward-directed electric field of magnitude 700 n/c ?
= 1.02 x 10^-7 N/C should be the charge (sign and magnitude) of a 1.48-g particle be for it to remain stationary when placed in a downward-directed electric field of magnitude 700 n/c
What is charge?Due to the physical property of electric charge, charged material experiences a force when it is subjected to an electromagnetic field. You might be electrically neutral or positively charged (commonly carried by protons and electrons respectively). While similar charges repel one another, opposite charges attract. A thing that has no net charge is said to be neutral. For problems that do not need taking into account quantum events, classical electrodynamics—the term used to describe early understanding of how charged particles interact—remains accurate. Since the net charge—the total of the positive and negative charges in an isolated system—is an electric charge, it is a conserved property.
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A 400kg hollow steel flywheel energy storage with 2m outer diameter and a thickness of 225mm spins at 6000rpm. with 80fficiency, how long it will support 100kw load?
t = 497.2 sec
outer diameter, Do=2a
thickness, t= 0.225m. Inner diameter, Di= 2-2*0.225
= 1.55m
mean Radius = 0.8975m.
I= moment of inertia of flywheel
= 400 * (0.8875)^2
=315.0625 kgm^2
w = 200 π rad/s
K.E of flywheel = 1/2 Iw^2
= 62190844.73 joule
= 100x10^3*t ÷ 0.8
t = 497.2 sec
moment of inertia is the tendency of a body to resist rotation or angular motionthe moment of inertia depend on he mass of the object and the way the mass is distributed relative to the axis of rotationinertia is the tendency to resist motion moment of inertia is a inertial propertyTo know more about moment of inertia visit : https://brainly.com/question/15246709
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A soccer ball was kicked toward the goal. The horizontal component of velocity was 22 m/s and the vertical component was 12 m/s. What is the magnitude of the resultant velocity of the soccer ball?.
The magnitude of the resultant velocity of the soccer ball is: 25.059 m/s
The formula for projectile motion that we will use to solve this exercise is:
vf= √[v(x)² + v(y)²]
Where:
vf= final velocityv(x)= horizontal component of velocityv(y)= vertical component of velocityInformation about the problem:
v(x)= 22 m/sv(y)= 12 m/svf=?Applying the final velocity formula we have:
vf= √[v(x)² + v(y)²]
vf= √[(22 m/s)² + (12 m/s)²]
vf= √[484 m²/s² + 144 m²/s²]
vf= √[628 m²/s²]
vf= 25.059 m/s
What is projectile motion?The projectile motion is the motion whose trajectory describes a parabola having a horizontal and a vertical component of motion.
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which of the following best explains the picture
According to the illustration, the graphic illustrates the arrow and the intended target.
To target something or someone means to aim at them specifically. To aim a gun at a shooting range is an example of a target. To focus all of your efforts on one objective is an example of a target. verb. A target is an item or objective that is the subject of an aim.
Two or three arrows have been depicted in the green area of the image, which is located very distant from the red location. Given that they are all in the same location, this illustrates the idea of weak or low precision and excessive precession.
As a result, choice B is accurate.
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Research the precision of a range of instruments in your classroom.
The precision of the range of instruments was done in the class room with few things like scale volumetric flask based on the criteria mentioned below.
The maximum and minimum range values that an instrument may measure for a quantity or signal, such as amps, volts, or ohms. A lot of multimeters have an auto range feature that automatically chooses the right range based on the measurement's magnitude. This offers the highest resolution of a measurement in addition to a meaningful reading.
Precision is the capacity of an instrument to repeatedly duplicate the same measurement with reliability.
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Which of the following is NOT a pure substance? milk oxygen carbon dioxide
Answer:
milk...................
How many electrons are there in the antibonding sigma 1s molecular orbital for a he2?
He2's molecular orbital energy-level diagram is shown in figure 3c. Both the 1s bonding and 1s antibonding orbitals must have two electrons for a total of four valence electrons.
What is antibonding molecular orbital?
An antibonding orbital is a form of molecular orbital that, according to the theory of chemical bonding, weakens the chemical link between two atoms while assisting in increasing the energy of the molecule in relation to the separated atoms. Such an orbital has one or more nodes in the area where the nuclei are bonded together. Outside of the bonding zone, where the orbital's electron density is concentrated, one nucleus is drawn away from the other, which tends to generate mutual repulsion between the two atoms. This is in contrast to a bonding molecular orbital, which is in charge of chemical bonds and has a lower energy than that of the individual atoms.
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The study of moving charges is a. hydrodynamics b. hydrostatics c. electrodynamics d. el ectrostatics
Answer:
c. Electrodynamics...
The study of moving charges is electrostatics, which is in option e. Electrostatics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of stationary or non-moving electric charges and their interactions. Hence, option e is the correct answer.
Electrostatics is a fundamental branch of electromagnetism, which is a branch of physics that deals with the study of electromagnetic phenomena. Specifically, electrostatics focuses on the behavior of electric charges that are at rest or not in motion. It involves the study of electric charges, electric fields, and the forces that arise between charged objects. Hence, option e is the correct answer.
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A bar magnet is moved through a conducting coil with 50 turns. the rate of change of magnetic flux is 0.03 wb/s. what is the emf induced in the coil?
The EMF induced in coil of the bar magnet with respect to change in flux is calculated as - 1.5 v
Given:
N= 50 turns
change in flux= 0.03 wb/s
emf= - N×[tex]\frac{d}{dt}[/tex]Ф
= - 50×0.03
= - 1.5 v
What is emf in Faraday's law?
Faraday's law describes the magnitude of the voltage (emf), or voltage, induced (generated) during a conductor due to electromagnetic induction (changing magnetic fields). It states that the induced emf during a conducting circuit is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux linkage Φ within the circuit.
What is EMF ?
Electromotive force (EMF) is equal to the terminal potential difference when no current flows. EMF and terminal electric potential (V) are both measured in volts, however they're not the same thing. EMF (ϵ) is that the amount of energy (E) provided by the battery to each coulomb of charge (Q) passing through'
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