Leber congenital amaurosis (lca) is a type of autosomal recessive hereditary blindness that causes individuals with this disease to lose their vision during childhood. the pedigree below shows the inheritance of lca throughout three generations of a family. True. LCA is an autosomal recessive genetic condition that is passed on to children by parents who have an abnormal copy of the gene.
Inheritance of traits is a decrease in traits that are passed on from parents or parents to their offspring. Some of the characteristics that are passed from parent to child are hair shape, eye color, blood type, and even congenital diseases.
LCA or Leber Congenital Amaurosis is a congenital eye disorder that is present from birth. Babies from birth will lose their eyesight due to an autosomal recessive genetic condition. Babies with LCA inherit two copies of the abnormal LCA gene from both parents. A grandmother who has the normal gene marries a grandfather who has half the abnormal LCA gene So that the child will have half the abnormal or carrier genes, if the child marries someone who has half the abnormal or carrier genes, then it is certain that the third generation will have 100 percent of the abnormal LCA gene so that he will experience blindness from infancy.
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An experimental fish farm consists of a simple idealized food chain: algae, zooplankton, and fish (that eat only zooplankton). In this pond, the algae grow at a rate of 40 kg per square metre of pond surface per year. How large a pond is required to harvest 200 kg of fish every year? Explain your answer
The area of the pond required to produce 200 kg of fish based on the food chain is 1000 m².
What is a food chain?A food chain is a network of links in a food web that runs in a straight line from producer organisms to apex predators, detritivores, or decomposer species.
The food chain in the pond is given below:
algae ---> zooplankton ---> fish
10% of energy is transferred to the next energy level.
If the algae growth rate is 20 kg/m²/year, the zooplankton will provide 2 kg/m²/year and fish will have 0.2 kg/m²/year.
The area of the pond required to produce 200 kg of fish = 1 * 200/0.2
The area of the pond required to produce 200 kg of fish = 1000 m².
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which of the following organ systems, along with the skeletal system, play a role in movement in vertebrates? select all that apply.
Which of the following organ systems, along with the skeletal system, play a role in movement in vertebrates? select all that apply. a. Nervous system b. muscular system c. cardiovascular system.
All options are correct ,The following organ systems, along with the skeletal system, play a role in movement in vertebrates.
Muscular system: muscles generate force and movement by contracting and relaxing. The muscles are attached to the bones and when they contract, they cause movement at the joints. Muscles also provide stability to joints and help maintain posture. Nervous system: the nervous system controls and coordinates muscle contractions and movements. The nervous system also receives sensory information from the muscles and joints, allowing for fine-tuned control of movement. Cardiovascular system: the cardiovascular system provides the necessary oxygen and nutrients to muscles for movement. Oxygen is used by the muscles during the process of cellular respiration to generate energy, and without it, the muscles would be unable to contract.
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stress can depress the release of cells, whose primary function is to suppress viruses and destroy tumor cells.
Cytotoxic effector cells lyse virus-infected cells. Cytotoxic effector cells, such as cytotoxic T cells, natural killer cells, and activated macrophages, can destroy virus-infected cells.
The pituitary (puh-TOO-uh-ter-ee) gland is located at the base of the brain and is about the size of a pea. Despite its tiny size, the pituitary gland is sometimes referred to as the "master gland." Many other endocrine glands are controlled by the hormones it produces.
Electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) is a medical procedure in which a moderate electric current is passed through your brain, creating a brief seizure.
Because it oversees the actions of many other endocrine glands, the pituitary gland is sometimes referred to as the "master" gland of the endocrine system. The pituitary gland is about the size of a pea and is located near the base of the brain.
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by definition, a ____ is any ingested substance used by the cells of the body to produce energy, to provide building blocks for new molecules, and to function in other chemical reactions.
A nutrient is any ingested substance used by the cells of the body to produce energy, provide building blocks for new molecules, and to function in other chemical reactions.
Nutrients are fundamental for the development and upkeep of the human body. They incorporate macronutrients like sugars, proteins, and fats, as well as micronutrients like nutrients and minerals.
Carbohydrates give energy to the body, proteins are utilized for the development and fixing of tissues, and fats act as a wellspring of energy and help in the retention of specific nutrients.
Nutrients and minerals are additionally fundamental for the body to work appropriately and are required in smaller amounts than macronutrients.
Nutrients are gotten from the food we eat, and a reasonable eating routine containing a wide range of food sources is critical to guarantee that the body gets every one of the fundamental nutrients.
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1.in parts i and ii of the lab, how did the electrons of each element help to produce the different colors of light? explain your answers using important terms from the lesson and information provided in the laboratory.
As the electrons move from one energy state to another, they produce light. The wavelength determines the light's color.
An atom's energy content is determined by its composition of protons and electrons. The amount of energy an electron releases as it transitions through various energy levels determines the color of the light an atom emits. Light can be produced as electrons move from higher to lower energy levels because they release extra energy during this process.
In the given scenario, during heating, the electrons absorb light and move the excited energy state. Once they start to descend to the lower orbit, the atom emits light. The wavelength of the light tells about its color.
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each of the following events occurs during mitosis except . view available hint(s)for part c each of the following events occurs during mitosis except . polar microtubules contract, pulling attached chromosomes toward the poles chromosomes condense microtubules assemble between centrioles nuclear membrane breaks down
Polar microtubules contract, pulling attached chromosomes toward the poles is not correct with respect to mitosis.
This outlines the function of kinetochore microtubules during anaphase. Polar microtubules lengthen during anaphase, leading the cell to become elliptical.
Mitosis is a cell duplication process in which one cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells. During the several stages of mitosis, the cell's chromosomes are copied and then distributed evenly between the two new nuclei of the daughter cells.
Mitosis is vital for three reasons: development and growth cell replacement, as well as asexual reproduction.
Mitosis occurs in somatic cells, which implies it occurs in all types of cells that do not produce gametes.
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from simbio q2.1 what do the graphs (showing simploid illness/death and the change in the environmental variables) suggest about the most likely cause of the simploid sickness?
One rationale is that illness is an independent variable. HYPOTHESIS: Simploids 'become sick' after being exposed to ZapWeedz Choose week.
It is a stand-alone variable that is unaffected by other factors you are attempting to assess. A person's age won't alter as a result of other circumstances like what people eat, how very much they attend school, or how much tv they watch. One rationale is that illness is an independent variable. HYPOTHESIS: Simploids 'become sick' after being exposed to ZapWeedz Choose week. The amount of sunlight, for instance, would be the independent variable if you were examining how development of a certain plant variety was influenced by sunlight levels. The dependent variable is growth. It is a result of how much sunlight there is. The cause is the independent variable. The is the dependent variable.
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This is marine science I don’t understand
Marine biologists conduct intriguing research on the diverse marine flora, fauna, and microorganisms. In the oceans below the surface, 80% of all life is thought to exist! The effects of human actions on the environment, such as pollution and climate change, are reflected in plants and animals.
What does a marine biologist do?Diverse challenges and issues are investigated by marine biologists. Typical areas of concern are listed below:
The global stock of some fish species has decreased as a result of overfishing.More than 12 million tones of plastic have been released into the ocean as a result of pollution, with devastating effects on ecosystems, biodiversity, and food security.Coral cover loss and coral bleaching have significantly increased as a result of ocean acidification and warming.The ocean's biological balance has been changed by the emission of hot water and other effluents from numerous enterprises.Ecosystems and wildlife in the area are permanently damaged by oil spills.Human water-borne illnesses have increased as a result of pollution.Food chains have suffered major effects as a result of the use of pesticides and artificial fertilizers in farming.In fish, shellfish, and other aquatic creatures, chemicals may result in "gender-bending" and problems with reproductive.To Learn more About Marine biologists Refer To:
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Hi I really need help on this question I have read my biology book over and over again and can’t find the answer to this question can someone please help me it is for biology 104
Name the one animal that does not have cell forming layers
Answer: sponges
Explanation: I think it is sponges as they do not exhibit tissue-layer organization and they do have different cell types that perform distinct functions and they also lack any real organs...
When a neuron sends information down the axon, is called an ___ ___ also known as a spike or impulse.
Answer:
Explanation:
an action potential
How are the proces of food in human stomach
The food gets processed and digested by the stomach with the help of certain enzymes and acids which helps in breaking down of food.
The stomach is the first organ which the food reaches after traveling through the food pipe(esophagus). The stomach secretes certain enzymes (these are substances which acts like catalyst to break down proteins in an organism), digestive juices and acids in order to digest food. The periodic contraction of stomach walls also helps in churning of food.
Stomach secretes Hydrochloric acid which breaks down the food and creates an acidic medium for further digestion. The enzymes mainly Lipase, and Pepsin secreted by the cells of the stomach break down the proteins present in the food.
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The complete/correct question should be:
How is the food processed in human stomach?
interpret this student model of palm tree populations on two islands. assume that at time 1 (not shown) all the circles on island 2 were white. now, at time 2, some are green.
The given picture depicts the bottleneck effect and genetic drift occurring in the palm tree populations present on the two islands.
Genetic drift can be defined as mechanism of evolution in which due to random chance or sampling error, the allele frequencies of a population change over generations. Genetic drift is observed in all types of populations of non-infinite size, but its effects are seen to be the strongest in small populations.
Bottleneck effect is basically an extreme example of genetic drift that in which the size of a population gets reduced severely due to natural disasters like fires, earthquakes and floods. As evident in the picture, the population of the palm trees reduces significantly and is a result of bottleneck effect and genetic drift.
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complete the following paragraph to describe the components necessary for a controlled scientific experiment. responses may be used more than once.
A controlled scientific experiment requires several key components in order to produce valid and reliable results. Firstly, a clear and testable hypothesis must be established to guide the investigation.
Secondly, a controlled experimental design must be implemented to ensure that any observed effects are directly caused by the variables being tested. This includes the use of control groups and multiple experimental groups to hypothesis account for any extraneous variables. Thirdly, accurate and precise measurements must be taken throughout the experiment to ensure that any changes in the hypothesis variables being tested are accurately recorded. Finally, the data collected must be analyzed using statistical methods to determine if any significant differences exist between the groups and whether the hypothesis is supported by the results.
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The Complete Question is:
Refer the below image and refer the answer, the answer is in a paragraph format.
The following activities and body conditions affect blood pressure by changing one of the two listed factors.Drag the appropriate physiological changes to their respective bins.physiological changes:- blood donation- high-altitude living- increased sympathetic activity- smoking- excessive sweating- growthBins:- blood volume- total peripheral resistance
Blood volume: blood donation, excessive sweating. total peripheral resistance: high-altitude living, increased sympathetic activity, smoking, growth.
Beginning at age 18, request a blood pressure check at least every two years from your doctor. Request a blood pressure check every year if you are 40 years of age or older, or if you are between the ages of 18 and 39 and have a high risk of developing high blood pressure. If you have high blood pressure or other heart disease risk factors, your healthcare professional may advise more regular readings. If you don't see a doctor on a regular basis, you might be able to get a free blood pressure check at a community health fair or other event. There are also free blood pressure monitors in several shops and pharmacies. For guidance on using public blood pressure devices, see your healthcare professional.
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which of the following statements is/are true regarding living organisms? check all that apply. check all that apply they do not exhibit excitability.they do not exhibit excitability. they maintain relatively stable internal conditions.they maintain relatively stable internal conditions. they exhibit genetic change from generation to generation.they exhibit genetic change from generation to generation. they exhibit a far higher level of organization than the nonliving world around them.they exhibit a far higher level of organization than the nonliving world around them. they expend very little energy to maintain order.
The following statements are true regarding living organisms:
• They maintain relatively stable internal conditions.
• They exhibit genetic change from generation to generation.
• They exhibit a far higher level of organization than the nonliving world around them.
It is untrue to say that they lack excitability because all living things have the capacity to react to stimuli. It is untrue to say that living things only use a small amount of energy to keep things in order; in fact, they use energy for a variety of functions, including metabolism.
All living things share a number of essential traits or abilities, such as order, environmental sensitivity or responsiveness, reproduction, growth and development, regulation, homeostasis, and energy processing. These eight elements serve to describe life when taken collectively.
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c) What conclusion can you make about the SG/density of Earth materials that cannot be
sampled? In other words, why is your average numerical value (from 3a) different
from the average (5.5) of the whole Earth?
The attribute of matter known as density is expressed by a ratio of mass to unit volume of substance. Also known as relative density, specific gravity.
Why do we use specific gravity instead of density?The ratio of a substance's density to that of a standard reference material is known as specific gravity. It is an amorphous quantity. The word relative density is more frequently used since specific gravity, which has nothing to do with gravity, is unclear.If anything has a specific gravity, it will either float or sink. When tested against water, the specific gravity of a solid or liquid is compared; if it is less than one, it will float, and if it is greater than one, it will sink.The specific gravity test can be used to determine a patient's level of hydration or dehydration. It can also be used to detect whether renal tubular concentrating ability has been lost. Specific gravity values are not "abnormal." This test merely reports the urine's concentration.To learn more about density refer to:
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Place the following terms in the correct order to match the processes outlined by the central dogma of biology.
EDNA is read
=tRNA brings amino acidstRNA brings amino acids
protein is formed
mRNA is created
ribosomes read RNA
The following explains the Central Dogma, the idea that genetic information only travels in one direction:
Describe Central Dogma.
The idea that genetic information can only flow one way—either from DNA through RNA to proteins, or from RNA to proteins—is a fundamental tenet of molecular biology.
The functional units of DNA are known as genes, and they can be classified as polypeptides (proteins and protein subunits) or functional RNAs (such as tRNA and rRNA).
Gene expression is the process by which genetic information is converted into useful products.
A polypeptide gene is expressed in two stages. The central dogma of this procedure is the directionality of information flow.
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Some sources of particulate matter are
a. vehicle exhaust, burning waste, fires, and tobacco smoke.
b. coal mining, manufacturing, and agriculture.
c. acid rain, nuclear energy, water, and dust.
d. natural metals found in rocks and soil.
Answer:
d. natural metals found in rocks and soil.
Explanation:
Qué sucederá con mayor probabilidad si una persona no consume el requerimiento mínimo diario de carbohidratos
Si una persona no consume el requerimiento mínimo diario de carbohidratos entonces ell/ella tendra que quemar grasas del cuerpo para obtener energia.
¿Qué son los carbohidratos en la dieta?Los carbohidratos son un tipo de macronutrientes que proporcionan energía para el cuerpo. Están compuestos por una combinación de carbono, hidrógeno y oxígeno. Los carbohidratos se pueden encontrar en alimentos como el arroz, la pasta, los panes y los cereales. Estos alimentos se clasifican como almidones y azúcares simples.
Por lo tanto, los carbohidratos son una fuente de enrergia consumida en la dieta y su eliminacion invariablemente llevara a obtener energia de las grasas corporales.
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Question in picture PLEASE HELP !!!
Answer:
B. are superabsorbent so babies may toilet-train later
Almonds are edible seeds that grow on trees. Wild almonds typically have a bitter taste caused by a chemical in the almond. If an organism eats wild almonds, a chemical reaction occurs that releases the bitter taste. However, a genetic mutation in the almond tree can occur that prevents wild almonds from producing the bitter taste. Which statement describes how this type of mutation could affect these wild almond trees
a
This mutation could decrease the rate of reproduction for wild almond trees
b
This mutation could increase the population of wild almond trees
c
This mutation could decrease the size of wild almond trees
d
This mutation could increase the life span of wild almond trees.
Answer:
a
Explanation:
more animals would eat the seeds since it isn't bitter, decreasing reproduction. If all of the seeds stayed bitter, nothing would eat the seeds, allowing them to spread and grow.
Plant kingdom structure
The Plant kingdom structure shown in the figure are fruits and cones.
What are angiosperms and gymnosperms?Higher plants has been classified into two major groups that are namely: Angiosperm and Gymnosperm. These two groups of the higher plants are the vascular plants i.e. possess vascular tissues, that propagate by seeds.
The major difference between angiosperms as well as the gymnosperms is that angiosperms bear that seeds in an enclosed structure called fruits, which develop from the ovary of a flower.
Therefore, The Plant kingdom structure shown in the figure are fruits and cones.
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The sitatunga is the most aquatic of all antelopes, averaging between 35 and 45 inches tall, using its splayed hoov
submerging its entire body underwater (except for its nose) to avoid detection by predators.
Which of the following sentences uses an ellipsis correctly?
O...average between 35 and 45 inches tall, using its splayed hooves to skip...
The sitatunga is the most aquatic of all antelopes, averaging between 35 and 45 inches tall...
O The sitatunga is the most aquatic of all antelopes... capable of submerging its entire body underwater (excep
O The sitatunga... using its splayed hooves to skip across swampy land...
Question 2(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
The sitatunga is the most aquatic of all antelopes, averaging between 35 and 45 inches tall.
What is a sitatunga?
The sitatunga (Tragelaphus spekii), sometimes called the marshbuck, is a medium-sized swamp-dwelling antelope found throughout central Africa, centered in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Republic of the Congo, Cameroon and parts of southern Sudan. , Equatorial Guinea, Burundi, Ghana, Botswana, Rwanda, Zambia, Gabon, Central African Republic, Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya. The sitatunga is mostly restricted to marshy and swampy habitats. They are found here in tall and dense vegetation as well as in seasonal swamps, marshy clearings in forests, riparian thickets and mangrove swamps.To know more about sitatunga, click the link given below:
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This topographic map shows the western part of Madeira, a Portuguese island.
Select the square that shows water flowing from an elevation of 1,200 meters to an elevation of 1,000 meters.
According to the information, it can be inferred that the chart that shows the water flowing from 1,200 m elevation to 1,000 m elevation is C3.
How to identify the painting that shows water flowing from 1,200 to 1,000 meters elevation?To identify the picture that shows the water flowing from 1,200 meters to 1,000 meters of elevation, we must analyze the map legends. If we look at the C4 painting, it is the highest point of that mountain with 1,320 meters of height.
Due to the above, it can be inferred that the lines around it represent lower heights. For example, in the case of table C3, it represents a drop of 200 meters in elevation that ranges from 1,200 to 1,000 meters. So, that is the picture that shows that unevenness.
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Which of the
following is only
applicable in the
United States?
A. Clean Air Act
B. Paris Agreement
C. Kyoto Protocol
D. Montreal Protocol
Clean Air Act is only applicable in the United States.
What do you mean by Clean Air Act?
The Clean Air Act is a body of legislation in the United States that was enacted in 1970 to regulate air pollution and protect the public from the effects of air pollution. It is a set of laws and regulations that are designed to reduce and control emissions of hazardous pollutants into the atmosphere. The Clean Air Act requires the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to set standards for the acceptable level of air pollution and to monitor and enforce those standards. The Act also provides grants to states and local governments to help them fund and implement programs to reduce air pollution.
The Clean Air Act is only applicable in the United States as it is a law passed by the United States Congress and applies only within the United States' borders. Other countries have their own laws to regulate air pollution and emissions standards, but they are not subject to the Clean Air Act.
Hence, option A is correct.
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Mendel's observation of the segregation of alleles in gamete formation has its basis in which of the following phases of cell division?
A) metaphase I of meiosis
B) prophase I of meiosis
C) anaphase of mitosis
D) anaphase II of meiosis
E) anaphase I of meiosis
D) and E), anaphase II of meiosis and anaphase I of meiosis has basis for the Mendel's observation of the segregation of alleles in gamete formation.
When does Mendel's law of segregation relate to meiosis?Anaphases I and II of meiosis which is where Mendel's Segregation law actually occurs. The homologous chromosomes are divided up into two daughter nuclei with their multiple versions of each gene during this stage of the first meiotic division.
What are Mendel's laws of independent assortment and segregation?According to the law of segregation, two alleles of a single trait will randomly separate, with a 50% chance that either allele will probably wind up in either gamete. This is connected to one gene. In accordance with the law of independent assortment, an allele from one gene separates from an allele from another gene on its own.
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organisms with the genotypes aabbccdd and aabbccdd are crossed. what are the expected proportions of the following progeny? 1. A_B_C_D_.
2. AabbCcDd
3. a phenotype identical to either parent.
4. A_B_ccdd
please help..
Option 2, The expected proportion of progeny with the genotype AabbCcDd is 100%, this genotype represents offspring that inherits the same genotype as the parents,
When both parents are homozygous for all the genes, the offspring will only inherit the same genotype as the parents. This means that the offspring will also be homozygous for all the genes and will have the same phenotype as the parents. since the parents are homozygous for all the genes all the offspring will inherit this genotype.There will be no genetic diversity among the progeny. The expected proportion of progeny with a phenotype identical to either parent is 100%, since both parents are homozygous for all the genes, all the offspring will inherit the same genotype and therefore will have the same phenotype as the parents.
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complete the following table: type of rnafunctionsmessenger rna (mrna)transfer rna (trna)in a ribosome, plays a structural role; as a ribozyme, plays a catalytic role (catalyzes peptide bond formation)primary transcriptsmall rnas in the spliceosome
1. Messenger RNA (mRNA): Carries information specifying amino acid sequences of proteins from DNA to ribosomes
2. Transfer RNA (tRNA): Serves as a translator molecule in protein synthesis; it translates mRNA codons into amino acids
3. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA): Plays catalytic (ribozyme) roles structural roles in ribosomes
4. Primary transcript: is a precursor to mRNA, rRNA, or tRNA before being processed; some intron RNA acts as a ribozyme, catalyzing its own splicing
5. Small nuclear RNA (snRNA): Plays structural and catalytic roles in splicesosomes, the complexes of protein and RNA that splice pre-mRNA
Most genes contаin the informаtion needed to mаke functionаl molecules cаlled proteins. The journey from gene to protein is complex аnd tightly controlled within eаch cell. It consists of two mаjor steps: trаnscription аnd trаnslаtion. Together, trаnscription аnd trаnslаtion аre known аs gene expression.
During the process of trаnscription, the informаtion stored in а gene's DNА is pаssed to а similаr molecule cаlled RNА (ribonucleic аcid) in the cell nucleus. Both RNА аnd DNА аre mаde up of а chаin of building blocks cаlled nucleotides, but they hаve slightly different chemicаl properties. The type of RNА thаt contаins the informаtion for mаking а protein is cаlled messenger RNА (mRNА) becаuse it cаrries the informаtion, or messаge, from the DNА out of the nucleus into the cytoplаsm.
Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question can see in the Attachment.
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Based on the information above, what would be the relationship between a flea and its canine or feline victim?
Please give earths layers
Note that the layers of the earth as proposed in the image given are:
1- Exosphere
2 - Thermosphere
3 - Mesosphere
4- Stratosphere
5 - Atmosphere
6 - Troposphere
7 - Asthenosphere
8 - Inner Core
9 - Mantle
10 - Lower mantle.
What is the Mesosphere?The mesosphere is the third layer of the atmosphere, located just above the stratosphere and under the thermosphere. Temperature falls as altitude climbs in the mesosphere.
The troposphere is the Earth's initial and lowest layer of the atmosphere, containing 75% of the entire mass of the continental atmosphere, 99% of the total mass of water vapour and aerosols, and is the location of most meteorological occurrences.
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