Complete question:
1. You found a new species of garden pea and have decided to repeat Mendel’s experiments. You have obtained two true-breeding pea plants that are tall (T) with yellow pods (g), and short (t) with green pods (G), respectively. Capital letters indicate dominant traits.
a. What is the genotype and phenotype of the F1 generation? (2p)
b. You allowed self-fertilization in F1 generation and obtained F2 generation. Using Punnett square to obtain the phenotypes, genotypes and their respective ratios. (4p)
2. If you obtained 1248 offspring in the F2 generation in Question 1, calculate how many offspring of each phenotypic class you would expect to have. (4p)
3. When you finish questions 1 and 2, under what assumption/hypothesis did you perform your analysis/calculation? Is there an alternative assumption/hypothesis, which may result in a different conclusion? If yes, what is the alternative assumption/hypothesis and what kind of offspring and in what numbers do you expect to obtain? (4p)
4. You only need to answer A or B to get this 6p. Please indicate which question you are answering. In your experiment, you found the following offspring only: Tall green: 626 offspring. Tall yellow: 313 offspring. Short green: 309 offspring.
A: If you stay with your original hypothesis/assumption, test it using chi2 test and analyze the result (whether you want to reject the hypothesis and why).
B: If you believe that the alternative hypothesis fits better with your data, test it using chi2 test and analyze the result (whether you want to accept the hypothesis and why).
Answer:
1) a. 100% of the progeny will be dihybrid, TtGg, exhibiting the phenotype
Tall plants with green pods.
b. F2 Gentotype:
1/16 TTGG2/16 TTGg1/16 TTgg2/16 TtGG4/16 TtGg2/16 Ttgg1/16 ttGG2/16 ttGg1/6 ttggF2 Phenotype:
9/16 Tall plants with green pods (T-G-)3/16 Tall plants with yellow pods (T-gg)3/16 Short plants with green pods (ttG-)1/16 Short plants with yellow pods (ttgg)Phenotypic ratio → 9:3:3:1
2) T-G- → 702 individuals
T-gg → 234 individuals
ttG- → 234 individuals
ttgg → 78 individuals
3)
Null Hypothesis: The population is under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The alleles of this population assort independently.Alternative Hypothesis: The population is not in equilibrium. Alleles do not assort independently.4) a. There is enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis, meaning that the difference between the observed number of individuals and the expected ones is statistically significant. The population is not under equilibrium H-W. Alleles do not assort independently.
Explanation:
1) 1st Cross: True-breeding tall (T) with yellow pods (g) pea plant with a short (t) with green pods (G) plant
Tall and Green pods are the dominant traits,Short and yellow pods are recessive traits.Parentals) TTgg x ttGG
Gametes) Tg, Tg, Tg, Tg tG, tG, tG, tG
F1) 100% of the progeny will be dihybrid, TtGg, exhibiting the phenotype
Tall plants with green pods.
2nd Cross: F1 self-fertilization
Parentals) TtGg x TtGg
Gametes) TG, Tg, tG, tg
TG, Tg, tG, tg
Punnett square) TG Tg tG tg
TG TTGG TTGg TtGG TtGg
Tg TTGg TTgg TtGg Ttgg
tG TtGG TtGg ttGG ttGg
tg TtGg Ttgg ttGg ttgg
F2) Gentotype:
1/16 TTGG2/16 TTGg1/16 TTgg2/16 TtGG4/16 TtGg2/16 Ttgg1/16 ttGG2/16 ttGg1/6 ttggPhenotype:
9/16 Tall plants with green pods (T-G-)3/16 Tall plants with yellow pods (T-gg)3/16 Short plants with green pods (ttG-)1/16 Short plants with yellow pods (ttgg)Phenotypic ratio → 9:3:3:1
2) The total number of individuals in the F2 is 1248.
16 ----------------- 1248 individuals --------------- 100% of the progeny
9 T-G- ----------- X = 702 individuals-------------X = 56.25%
3 T-gg ----------- X = 234 individuals ----------- X = 18.75%
3 ttG- ------------- X = 234 individuals ---------- X = 18.75%
1 ttgg ------------- X = 78 individuals ------------ X = 6.25%
3)
Hypothesis: The population is under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The alleles of this population assort independently.Alternative Hypothesis: The population is not in equilibrium. Alleles do not assort independently4) F2 composed of:
Tall green: 626 offspring. Tall yellow: 313 offspring. Short green: 309 offspring.Tall/Green Tall/Yellow Short/Green Short/Yellow
Observed 626 313 309 0
Expected 702 234 234 78
(Obs-Exp)²/Exp 8.23 26.7 24 78
X² = Σ(Obs-Exp)²/Exp = 8.23 + 23.7 + 24 + 78 = 136.93 ≅ 137
Freedom degrees = genotypes - number of alleles = 9 - 4 = 5
Significance level, 5% = 0.05
Table value/ Critical value = 11.07
X² = 137
X² > Critica value
137 > 11.07
There is enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis, meaning that the difference between the observed number of individuals and the expected ones is statistically significant. The population is not under equilibrium H-W. Alleles do not assort independently.
!!FOR PLANT SYSTEMS!!
Given the loss of farming jobs projected in the near future, distinguish at least two factors in a decision one might make to enter the field.
i cant process this lol no matter how much tiems read it
Answer:
this is the suggested answer
Explanation:
A correct answer will discuss two factors from among the following: one factor is despite the projected loss in farming jobs, these jobs are still essential and may still provide for a lucrative and successful career given that the median income level that is significantly higher than the national average. Another factor is the wide variety of careers in this general field, so the information on declining career outlook could be misleading, depending what specific career one is looking into. Another factor is the several training programs available to benefit those looking to enter this field, which can contribute to success.
Hydrogen bonds are formed as a result of which of the following? A. Ionic bonds b. Nonpolar covalent bonds c. Polar covalent bonds d. None of these are correct
Answer:
C
Explanation:
I believe they're opposite.
Friction reduces efficiency because energy is lost as ____.
a.
work
c.
gravity
b.
heat
d.
thrust
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
A
B
C
D
Answer:
option (b) heat is right answer
Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) catalyzes a reaction which yields products that regulate cell division; consequently, PP1 is a possible drug target to treat certain types of cancers. The PP1 enzyme cata- lyzes the hydrolysis of a phosphate group from myelin basic protein (MBP). The reaction is shown below:
PP1 MBP-phosphate-→ MBP+P,
The activity of PP1 was measured in the presence and absence of the inhibitor phosphatidic acid (PA). The concentration of PA was 300 nM. vo without PA vo with PA released . (mg/mL) mL"1 . min1) mL-1 . min-1) 0.00381 0.00620 0.00931 0.0140 0.010 0.0209 0.0335 0.0419 0.0838 0.015 0.025 0.050
(a) Use the data provided to construct a Lineweaver-Burk plot for the PP1 enzyme in the presence and absence of PA. What kind of inhibitor is PA?
(b) Report the KM and Vmax values for PP1 in the presence and absence of the inhibitor.
Answer:
Explanation:8iikk
Ashton is a crime scene investigator. He ensures that all the evidence gathered at the scene is properly handled and labeled. What is Ashton protecting?
Ashton ensures that the (blank) the documentation of who possesses evidence at all times, is protected by properly handling and labeling evidence.
when it says (blank) it means evidence evidence.
Mutation happens during which of the following processes?
D Protein synthesis
A DNA transcription
B DNA replication
CTranslation
What is a population bottleneck?
Answer:
A population bottleneck or genetic bottleneck is a sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events such as famines, earthquakes, floods, fires, disease, and droughts or human activities such as specicide and human population planning.
Explanation:
Explanation:
A population bottleneck or genetic bottleneck is a sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events such as famines, earthquakes, floods, fires, disease, and droughts or human activities such as specicide and human population planning.follow me
can you live without a spleen
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
Although the spleen is an important part of the Immune system, you can survive without it, because the liver can also have the same functions of a spleen. Although the liver can take over these functions it cant prevent all the bacteria that a spleen can prevent.
Which of the following is an example of erosion?
Answer:
A
Explanation:
I think A is the example of erosion
A bacteria structure involved in motility.
Answer:
flagella
Explanation:
Thin long thread like structure that help in locomotion in bacteria.
A solid is that form of matter that possesses the following
characteristics___.
a Particles vibrate around fixed axes
b Definite shape
C Definite volume
d All of the above
What are the similarities between the coastal oceans and coral reefs
Answer:A coral reef is an underwater ecosystem characterized by reef-building corals. Reefs are formed of colonies of coral polyps held together by calcium carbonate. ... Unlike sea anemones, corals secrete hard carbonate exoskeletons that support and protect the coral.
Coastal oceans are commonly defined as the areas from the shoreline to the outer edge of the continental margin. They connect the continents to the open ocean and serve as a link for transporting organic and inorganic, natural and anthropogenic material from land to sea.
Coastal oceans in tropical areas have similar characteristics to their temperate counterparts. ... Coral reefs are biologically diverse and rich habitats that occur in relatively nutrient-poor environments along coastlines. Areas that have too many nutrients often harbor too much algal growth to sustain coral growth.,
24. all of the following are function of sER Except ?
A. Synthesis of lipid
B. Carbohydrate Metabolism
C. Detoxification of drug and poisons
D. Modification of protein
Answer:
D
Explanation:
The organelle that modifies proteins is the golgi body.
Different alleles produce different characteristics. True False
Answer:
Explanation:
Los alelos son formas alternas de un gen, que difieren en secuencia o función. Toda característica genéticamente determinada depende de la acción de cuando menos un par de genes homólogos, que se denominan alelos.
DNA sequence that codes for glycine
Please help me ASAP thank you
Due to a extended 5 year drought the seeds became much harder than they were previously which graph would represent how the bird population would change over these years
Answer:
Graph A
Explanation:
With harder seeds, birds will need larger beaks in order to crack the seeds. The birds with smaller beaks won't be able to crack the seeds and will die because they can't eat anything. Graph A is the only one that shows a distinct increase in bird beak size.
If an organism has a diploid number of 54, how many chromosomes will be in each of its gametes?
a. 54
b. 52
c. 27
d. 104
e. 108
There will be 27 chromosomes in each of its gametes.
• Meiosis is also called reductional division, in the process s-ex cells, that is, sperm and egg are produced, and each cell has the half number of chromosomes than its parent cells.
• In the given case, the organism is diploid with 54 chromosomes, that is, 2n = 54.
• Here n is the haploid number of chromosomes, in the given case, n = 27, that is, the haploid number of chromosomes is 27.
• Therefore, the sperm and egg cells have 27 number of chromosomes each.
Thus, the correct answer is option c, that is, 27.
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Signal Sequences: 1)A signal sequence is made of: a.Nucleotides b.Amino acids c.Lipids d.Carbohydrates 2)All protein synthesis starts on ribosomes that are located in the _________________. 3)If a molecule lacks a signal sequence it will end up in the ______________ 4)Proteins with a nuclear localization sequence (NLS) are generated on ribosomes located in the ___________________. 5)Proteins with a mitochondrial signal sequence are generated in ribosomes located in the _________________.
Answer:
1. Option B
2. cytoplasm
3. cytosol
4. nucleus
5. mitochondria
Explanation:
1. Option B
A signal sequence consists of hydrophobic amino acids .
2. cytoplasm in prokaryotes
3. cytosol
4. nucleus
5. mitochondria
Globalization of the economy is increasing because of which of these factors? O A. Agreements limiting immigration OB. A decrease in international travel O C. Treaties expanding international trade O D. A decrease in demand for resources
Answer:
C is the best answer
Explanation:
This answer makes the most sense in the context of globalization.
Globalization of economy is increasing because of Treaties expanding international trades .
What is globalization ?The process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale can be referred as Globalization.
What are the factors of economic globalization?Three suggested factors accelerated economic globalization:
advancement of science and technology, market oriented economic reforms contributions by multinational corporations.Globalization of economy is increasing because of treaties expanding international trades .
Hence ,option C is correct
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Scientists analyzed data collected over a period of years in a game reserve in South Africa to test the hypothesis that competition with lions limits the abundance of leopards in the same community. The game reserve encompasses a variety of habitats, from open grassland to wooded areas around rivers and streams. It contains most of the indigenous mammal species and an adequate availability of their prey. For the most part, the leopards and lions show similar habitat preferences in the reserve.
The mass of the average lion is about three times that of the average leopard. The scientists analyzed several factors that might influence the abundance of each population, including the sizes of the animals preyed on by each species
Size of Prey Animal Percent of Leopards’ Prey (±2SEx¯) Percent of Lions’ Prey (±2SEx¯)
Small 34 ± 2 3 ± 1
Medium 63 ± 3 23 ± 2
Large 3 ± 1 36 ± 4
Very large 0 38 ± 3
Because competition with lions might affect the population size of the leopards, the scientists also analyzed data on the lion and leopard population sizes in the game reserve (Figure 1).
Required:
Describe what scientists mean when they refer to an ecological community such as that shared by the leopards and lions.
Answer:
The correct answer would be - these are the ecological community that shows the interspecific competition.
Explanation:
In this ecological community, both predators lion and leopards are living together and by the given data and information it is evident that they both share the same habitat and they both depend on the same prey for their food.
This cause competition between both lion and leopard for food and habitat. Such competition or interaction is referred to as the interspecific competitions negatively impacted by the presence of the other because they will have less food.
Answer
An ecological community refers to all of the interacting populations in a defined habitat.
Explanation:
see above
Why are lipids and proteins free to move laterally in membranes?
A) The interior of the membrane is filled with liquid water.
B) There are no covalent bonds between lipid and protein in the membrane.
C) Hydrophilic portions of the lipids are in the interior of the membrane.
D) There are only weak hydrophobic interactions in the interior of the membrane.
E) Molecules such as cellulose can pull them in various directions.
critically discuss the transport mechanisms across the membrane
Diffusion, osmosis and active transport.
Explanation:
. Diffusion is the movement of substances from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration across the membrane.
.Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a hypotonic solution to a hypertonic solution across the membrane.
.Active transport is the movement of substances from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration across the membrane with the utilization of energy.
A farmer grows wheat near a river. He frequently uses
fertilizer on his fields, and when he waters the fields,
excess water runs off into the river.
What should the farmer be most careful to monitor to determine his farm's
impact on water quality?
A. Type of fish in the river
B. Amount of water in the farm's soil
C. pH of rainwater falling on the farm
D. Level of nitrates in runoff water
Answer: I think its B
Explanation: I hope this helps :)
Answer:
D. Level of nitrates in runoff water
Explanation:
Took the test too :)
HELP DUE BY 10AM HELP ASAP
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Answer: A
Explanation:
what is the answer? for this
Answer:
b
Explanation:
because it is the least inclined
From the list of activities below, select those that can increase your carbon footprint.
installing solar panels on your home
driving a car that uses gasoline
keeping non-LED lights on in your home all night
purchasing foods processed in a factory
planting a garden
Answer:
driving a car the uses gasoline
keeping non-led lights on in your home all night
purchasing foods processed in a factory
Answer:
driving a car that uses gasoline
keeping non-LED lights on in your home all night
purchasing foods processed in a factory
Explanation:
Water is carried from the roots upward to every part of a vascular plant by
cells walls.
O cuticle.
phloem.
xylem
Use the concept map below to answer the following question.
describe one similarity and one difference between fungi and plants
Explanation:
Both the plant and fungus kingdoms have some common characteristics. ... While both are eukaryotic and don't move, plants are autotrophic - making their own energy - and have cell walls made of cellulose, but fungi are heterotrophic - taking in food for energy - and have cell walls made of chitin.
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____________ are made of a series of paired statements that describe physical characteristics of different organisms.
Answer:
taxonomic key
this is A series of paired statements that describe the physical characteristics of differnent organisms.
Answer:
taxonomic key
Explanation:
A series of paired statements that describe the physical characteristics of differnent organisms.