Can you have democracy without federalism? Please explain.

Answers

Answer 1
No in order to have a democracy u need federalism
Answer 2
For those of us interested in the spread and consolidation of democracy, whether as policy makers, human rights activists, political analysts, or democratic theorists, there is a greater need than ever to reconsider the potential risks and benefits of federalism. The greatest risk is that federal arrangements can offer opportunities for ethnic nationalists to mobilize their resources. This risk is especially grave when elections are introduced in the subunits of a formerly nondemocratic federal polity prior to democratic countrywide elections and in the absence of democratic countrywide parties. Of the nine states that once made up communist Europe, six were unitary and three were federal. The six unitary states are now five states (East Germany has reunited with the Federal Republic), while the three federal states—Yugoslavia, the USSR, and Czechoslovakia—are now 22 independent states. Most of postcommunist Europe’s ethnocracies and ethnic bloodshed have occurred within these postfederal states.
Yet in spite of these potential problems, federal rather than unitary states are the form most often associated with multinational democracies. Federal states are also associated with large populations, extensive territories, and democracies with territorially based linguistic fragmentation. In fact, every single longstanding democracy in a territorially based multilingual and multinational polity is a federal state. [End Page 19]
Although there are many multinational polities in the world, few of them are democracies. Those multinational democracies that do exist, however (Switzerland, Canada, Belgium, Spain, and India), are all federal. Although all these democracies, except for Switzerland, have had problems managing their multinational polities (and even Switzerland had the Sonderbund War, the secession of the Catholic cantons in 1848), they remain reasonably stable. By contrast, Sri Lanka, a territorially based multilingual and multinational unitary state that feared the “slippery slope” of federalism, could not cope with its ethnic divisions and plunged headlong into a bloody civil war that has lasted more than 15 years.
In addition to the strong association between multinational democracies and federalism, the six longstanding democracies that score highest on an index of linguistic and ethnic diversity—India, Canada, Belgium, Switzerland, Spain, and the United States—are all federal states. The fact that these nations chose to adopt a federal system does not prove anything; it does, however, suggest that federalism may help these countries manage the problems that come with ethnic and linguistic diversity. In fact, in my judgment, if countries such as Indonesia, Russia, Nigeria, China, and Burma are ever to become stable democracies, they will have to craft workable federal systems that allow cultural diversity, a robust capacity for socioeconomic development, and a general standard of equality among their citizens.
Consider the case of Indonesia, for example. It seems to meet all the indicators for a federal state. It has a population of over 200 million, and its territory is spread across more than 2,000 inhabited islands. It has great linguistic and ethnic fragmentation and many religions. Thus it is near the top in virtually all the categories associated with federalism. If Indonesia is to become a democracy, one would think that it would have to address the question of federalism or decentralization. Yet at a meeting of Indonesian political, military, religious, and intellectual leaders that I attended after the fall of Suharto, most of the participants (especially those from the military) rejected federalism out of hand because of secessionist conflicts at the end of Dutch colonial rule. Indonesia should at least consider what I call a federacy to deal with special jurisdictions like Aceh or Irian Jaya. A federacy is the only variation between unitary states and federal states. It is a political system in which an otherwise unitary state develops a federal relationship with a territorially, ethnically, or culturally distinct community while all the other parts of the state remain under unitary rule. Denmark has such a relationship with Greenland, and Finland with the Aaland Islands.
A Misleading Picture of Federalism
In seeking to understand why some countries are reluctant to adopt federal systems, it is helpful to examine what political science has had [End Page 20] to say about federalism. Unfortunately, some of the most influential works in political...

Related Questions

what did the english government not allow to leave the country?

Answers

It was already hard for them to govern the colonies from overseas. The British believed that if Americans moved west over the mountains, it would be too challenging to regulate trade and taxes, and that their resources would be spread too thin. In addition, there were many people already living on the land in the Ohio Valley.

who is sir milton margai​

Answers

Answer:

Sir Milton  Margai  was a Sierra Leonean doctor who served in the country's head of the government until 1954 until his death which was in 1964

Explanation:

hope i helped

Im confused on this question

Answers

Answer:

so remotes because is talking about it

Answer: THE THING, the fear and anxiety being of the unknown force which is at hand

Part B Look again at the last sentence of the excerpt. In your own words, explain briefly what you think this sentence means.

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Answer:

"A hospital alone shows what war is."

This sentence lets the reader be witness of the war cruelty and its consequences regarding human casualties. While being at hospitals you become aware of the war atrocities. It helps us to reflect that any war leads societies to suffering from death and destruction. No matter what the victims' race, sex, origin or religion are, what should be really important is that human beings are being devastated for those acts of cruelty, despotism and barbarism.

Explanation:

im not sure change it up though

define heterotrophic Nutrition​

Answers

Required Answer :-

: [tex] \implies[/tex] Heterotrophic nutrition is known to be the mode of nutrition in which certain organisms are dependent on other organisms in order to survive. Organisms that cannot prepare their own food and have to depend on other organisms are known as heterotrophs.

Common examples of heterotrophs include animals, fungi and bacteria.

Heterotrophic nutrition is the mode of gaining complex but pre-made food. Organisms that are heterotrophic have to acquire and consume organic substances they come across. All non-green plants and animals are heterotrophic in nature and depend on autotrophs for food. From a more ecological point of view, the secondary or tertiary consumers in a food chain are always heterotrophs.

Types of Heterotrophic Nutrition

The Organisms have various kinds of heterotrophic nutrition which can be classified into the following are :

Holozoic Nutrition- This is a kind of heterotrophic nutrition where organisms intake solid food; a method that is also called ingestive nutrition. The food consumed may be either another organism or a plant. There are three different types of holozoic organisms and are classified on the basis of the food they consume. They are- carnivores, herbivores and omnivores.

Saprophytic Nutrition- This is a kind of heterotrophic nutrition where organisms obtain their food sources from remains of decaying organic substances, including dead organisms, decomposed leaves and plant remains, excreta, food articles and more.

Parasitic Nutrition- This is the third kind of heterotrophic nutrition where an organism derives its food from another living organism. The organism that derives its food and shelter from the other organism is known as a parasite, while the organism that lends food and shelter is known as a host.

Additional information :-

The Nutrition is broadly classified into two main types – autotrophic nutrition (organism makes its food) and heterotrophic nutrition (organism depends upon others for food).

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Hope it's helps !! ^-^

There are different kinds of nutrition. The definition is below;

What is heterotrophic nutrition class?

This is known as a mode of nutrition where organism are unable to produce or make their own food from simple inorganic material.

Due to the above, they depend on other organism for their food. An heterotroph is known as an organism that feeds on other plants or animals for energy and nutrients.  Examples are plants, algae, etc.

Learn more about heterotrophic Nutrition​ from

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Why the Constitution grants the president the power only to pass or veto a whole bill and not just parts of it?

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Answer:

Explanation:

I don't know much about constitutional law, but I think your suggestion would create chaos). Think what might happen if the President had 4 bills on his desk and all had parts that had to be revised to satisfy him.  Remember that the Senate and the House have already given their approval.

Now these 4 bills go back for debate, or clarification, or whatever else the President doesn't like and the whole process starts all over again.

I'm trying to say that nothing would ever get done.

By the 1960s, both conservatives and progressives believed that the country was at a breaking point. Both sides believed they held the moral high ground. What were the driving ideals of the Republican and Democratic party of the 1950s-1960s, and how did both Republicans and Democrats utilize the fear of the Cold War to further their political causes?

Answers

Answer:

The Republican Party, often called the GOP (short for “Grand Old Party”) is one of two major political parties in the United States.

Explanation:

what is a modern-day monastery? Explain what a typical day is like.

Answers

In current usage, the term convent refers solely to female monastic (nun) organizations, notably communities of teaching or nursing religious sisters.

47. What was the significance of Valley Forge?

Answers

Answer:

the significance of valley forge is where the American army made camp during winter if 177 -1778

someone who has some predetermined prejudice is considered

Answers

Answer:

Anecdotal

Explanation:

how much one dinar was worth in 1000 CE

Answers

Answer:

wasnt worth much

Explanation:

iraqi dinar was worth little

African-American slave marriages can best be described as?

Answers

Answer:

Ești un prost și handicapat

In Africans Americans, slave marriages can best be described as non-existent. Thus, option first is correct.

Who is slave?

Slaves are people who labor for their owners and are considered their property. They have completed all the tasks assigned to them by their owners. They have little freedom and are expected to work on the fields for free.

Furthermore, they are only given the essentials of existence, such as food, shelter, and clothes. Aside from that, they are not paid for their efforts.

Slaves were not officially allowed to marry, although unofficial weddings were popular. Colonial and state laws saw people as property and commodities rather than legal beings capable of entering into contracts, and marriage was and continues to be a legal transaction.

Therefore, it can be concluded that option (A) is correct.

Learn more about slaves here:

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Question 3 (1 point)
The Treaty of Ghent returned relations between the U.S. and Britain to their prewar
status.
O a) True
Ob) False

Answers

A true also u should buy a ford car

I’m pretty sure it’s true

I need help please.

Answers

Answer:to like i do not knoe

Explanation:

Which economic crisis was worse The Panic of 1837 or The Financial Crisis of 2008?

Answers

Answer:

the great recession of 2008

Define cognitive theory/perspective? Provide a case example or personal experience.

Answers

Answer:

cognitive theory

Explanation:

it is an approach to psychology that attempts to explain human behaviour by understanding your thought processes.

What can scientists considering the morality of trading in Myanmar amber learn
from the debate over “conflict minerals” in Africa?

Answers

Answer:

What can scientists considering the morality of trading in Myanmar amber learn from the debate over “conflict minerals” in Africa

Explanation:

Was Venezuela a wealthy country?

Answers

Answer:

Venezuela was considered ri/ch in the early 1960s: It produced more than 10 percent of the world's crude and had a per capitaa GDP many times bigger than that of its neighbors Brazil and Colombia — and not far behind that of the United States

Explanation:

How were the roles of women similar in American Indian tribes of the northeast and southeast?

Tribes in both regions relied on women to hunt.
Tribes in both regions had women build homes.
Tribes in both regions relied on women for farming.
Tribes in both regions had women conduct trading.

Answers

Explanation:

tribes in both regions relied on women for farming.

what number is 1 years​

Answers

Answer:

365 days brainlest please

Explanation:

What are the five branches of the military and what does each do?

Answers

Answer:

The US military has five branches: the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, and Coast Guard.

Explanation:

Each branch dedicates themselves to protecting, defending, and maintaining the freedom and liberties of the Nation. Together, the 5 branches make up the entirety of the military and each separately serves a special role within the military. There are military bases from each branch of service found all over the World.

hope this all helped!

mark me brainliest :D

1.
Analyze Interactions As you read the text for this lesson, use this graphic
organizer to keep track of important ideas. In the first column, note
economic problems that farmers faced. In the second column, note causes
of the economic problems. In the third column, note actions that farmers
took to solve the problems.

Answers

During the nineteenth century, American farmers had to face different economic problems such as oversupply or poverty. However, they always found a solution to these problems to continue working.

During the early nineteenth century, the United States was a predominantly rural country and a large part of its population belonged to the working class and farmers. Farmers settled on the great plains.

During this time there was a large amount of vacant land, which attracted the attention of different people to establish themselves and claim them as their own, this situation caused an oversupply of agricultural products to be generated in the medium term, which affected all the farmers of this area.

Also, the development of rail lines was an opportunity to transport their products in a faster way. However, the owners of the railways took advantage of this and charged high fees so many poor farmers had to continue using conventional means of transport such as horses that took longer.

Note: This question is incomplete because the text is missing. However, I can answer it based on my prior knowledge.

How did the attempt of the increases of justices on the us Supreme Court impact the relationship between the three branches of government?

Answers

Answer:

This my answer don't know if it's right under John Marshall, the Supreme Court established a distribution of constitutional powers that the country still follows. The Court became the final arbiter of the constitutionality of federal and state laws, and the federal government exercised sovereign power over the states.

Explanation:

amogus :]

21. How would the colonization of America affect Timbuktu?
• It would Increase the demand for gold from Africa as new markets opened in the Americas.
• It would decrease the demand for African gold as Europe acquired gold from Its American colonles.
It would cause the price of gold to Increase so that West African kingdoms became even more prosperous.
It would have little effect on Timbuktu since its gold markets were not primarily European.

Answers

Answer:

It would decrease the demand for African gold as Europe acquired gold from Its American colonies.

Explanation:

When European nations such as Spain learned the Americas were rich in gold, they wanted to exploit it, as well as other raw materials and natural resources.

How Was Dragon Boat Festival born?

Answers

Explanation:

the dragon is very nice

Which event launched the Russo-Japanese War?

the attack on Russian warships at Port Arthur
resistance to Japanese rule in Taiwan
Japan gaining Korea after the Sino-Japanese War
Russia’s loss of part of the island of Sakhalin

Answers

Answer:

its B; resistance to japanese rule in taiwan

Explanation:

Took a test on edge 2021 and got it right

Answer:

A. the attack on Russian warships at Port Arthur

During World War II, many common household items were in short supply and rationing was common. People had very limited access to goods,
so they adjusted their expectations and habits. To use supplies that you did not need or indulge in luxuries was often considered unpatriotic.
What does this example illustrate?
OA the negative impact of scarcity
OB. how cultural values shift during a crisis
Oc. that it is easy to alter mainstream cultural norms
OD. that people today have more goods than they need

Answers

The answer that best fits this question is B) How cultural values shift during a crisis.

There are negative impacts of scarcity, but this shows more how people changed the way they acted in order to make up for the lack of items.

It is not easy to alter mainstream cultural norms. As soon as the supplies come back, people will go back to their methods.

People today do have more goods then they need, but this passage does nothing to illustrate that.

I hope this helps! :)

Answer:

B) How cultural values shift during a crisis.

Explanation:

According to the Constitution, California cannot regulate trade between states or other countries, but it can regulate trade within the state of California.
True
False

Answers

False. The California Constitution does not have provisions regarding interstate or international trade, so the state legislature has no regulation power over these types of trade.

Which were items that helped Egypt develop into a civilization?

Help, please

Answers

Explanation:

It may be grains

Not sure

Answer:

grains

Explanation:

i had this same exam

Which battle is considered the end of the Revolutionary War?
Saratoga
Bunker Hill
Trenton
Yorktown

Answers

Yorktown, General Cornwallis surrendered and then the Revolutionary War was ended.
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