Briefly describe the characteristics of the four main layers of Earth. Include temperatures.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Crust

The crust is the first layer of the earth. It is split up into two parts the continental crust, and the oceanic crust. The oceanic crust takes up 71% of the earths crust, and the other 29% of the crust is continental. The continental is made up of igneous rocks, and the oceanic crust is made up of sedimentary and basalt rocks. The continental crust is older than the oceanic crust, some of the rocks are 3.9 billion years old. The density average of the oceanic crust is 3g/cm. The average density of the continental earth is 2.7g/cm. The temperature of the crust is around 200-400 degrees celsius. The crust is about 60 km thick under a continent and 5 km thick under the ocean. The crust is constantly moving.  The crust doesn't even make up 1% of the earth!  The crust is the layer were tectonic plates can be found.

Mantle

The mantle is the second layer of the earth. It is split up into two different parts, the lithosphere (which is the top part) and the asthenosphere (which is the bottom part). The lithosphere is a dense rock made out of iron and nickel, the asthenosphere is a plastic like fluid. The temperature of the lithosphere is around 300 to 500 degrees celsius, and the asthenosphere is around 4500 degrees celsius. The mantle has the biggest volume of all the layers, the volume of it is 84% of the earth. It is 1,800 miles deep or 2,900 kilometers deep. In the mantle are convection currents which make the mantle move. The lower mantle heats up and rises and cools down then gets pushed down because it is heavier. Then I keeps going on like that. The mantle grows a meter a year.

Lithosphere

The lithosphere is the top layer of the mantle. The lithosphere includes having the crust in it. It is a cooler layer because it is farther from the inner core. The lithosphere is a dense rock made out of iron and nickel. The temperature of the lithosphere is 300-500 degrees celsius. Inside the lithosphere and asthenosphere are currents, called convection currents. They make the lithosphere and asthenosphere turn round and round. So because the lithosphere is denser it is being forced down closer to the core and then heats up then forces its way back up to the top because it is less dense.

Asthenosphere

The asthenosphere is the bottom layer of the mantle. It is a plastic like liquid made up of iron and nickel. The temperature of the asthenospere is 4500 degrees celsius. It is hotter than the lithosphere because it is closer to the inner core. Inside the asthenosphere and lithosphere are currents, they are called convection currents. So because the asthenosphere is less dense or lighter than the lithosphere is forces its way up to the top and foces the lithosphere down. It then cools down then gets forced back down by a hotter substance

Convection Currents

Convection Currents happen in the Mantle. They go through bot the lithosphere and the asthenosphere. They make them move round and round. Since the asthenosphere is hotter, that makes it lighter or less dense, so it forces its way to the top. Meanwhile it is forcing the lithosphere to go down and take it's place, So the asthenosphere that moved up and cooled down, and the lithosphere that got forced down is heating up and then when it gets hot ebough it will force its way to the top and the whole cycle will start again. But these convection currents effect the earth and the tectonic plates. Because when the plates, say...... overlap one gets pushed under the other, and it would get pushed don to the convection currents, and because it is a dense material it would be forced down and it would melt and make a new crust. In the photo below that diagram would acctually be going on inside of the earth at this very moment!

Outer core

The outer core is a liquid made up of iron and nickel. The temperature of the outer core is around 4400 degrees celsius. The depth of the outer core is 2, 890. This is one of the three layers that is putting pressure on the inner core. It is the second hottest layer, because it is the layer above the inner core, and it is the second farthest from the surface of the earth. Also it is said that the core is rotating faster than the rest of the earth but...... slower than previously believed! the outer core was discovered in 1936 by seismologist, Inge Lehmann.

Inner core

The Inner crust is the second thinnest layer. The inner core is hotter than the surface of the sun. The inner core is made out of iron and nickel. It is 5159 to 6378 km thick. The inner core is extremely hot and is the last layer. The inner core is 5505 degrees celsius. It is a solid because of all the pressure from the other layers putting there weight onto this layer. The inner core grows. The core was discovered in 1971..

Explanation:


Related Questions

Find the request values
Geometry

Answers

I know n is 59 and the angle of NQP would be 55

Where is habitat loss happening the fastest on the planet?

Answers

Answer:

New Zealand

Explanation:

What is tidal locking in relation to the Moon and Earth?
A. The far side or "dark side" of the Moon is always in shadow making it impossible to see.

B. Tidal locking make the ocean tides on Earth produce two high tides and two low tides every 24 hours.

C. Tidal locking keeps the Moon in a synchronous orbit so we see only one side as it orbits Earth.

D. Tidal locking keeps Earth is a steady orbit around the Moon.

Answers

Explanation:

I think it is B. I'm not sure, God bless you

Which of the following are the correct properties of slope?
Check all that apply.
A. Lines that go down from left to right should have a negative
slope.
O B. Lines that go up from left to right should have a positive slope.
C. The slope of a steep line with a positive slope should be smaller
than the slope of a flat line.
D. Lines that have positive slopes and are equally steep should have
the same slope.
E. The slope of a steep line with a positive slope should be bigger
than the slope of a flat line.

Answers

Answer:

A, B, D, E

Explanation:

Out of the aforelisted options, 4 out of 5 are correct. And like the question had stated, mentioning all that are correct. They are:

Lines that go down from left to right should have a negative

slope.

Lines that go up from left to right should have a positive slope.

Lines that have positive slopes and are equally steep should have

the same slope.

The slope of a steep line with a positive slope should be bigger

than the slope of a flat line.

The correct properties of slope are;

Lines that go down from left to right should have a negative slope.Lines that go up from left to right should have a positive slope. Lines that have positive slopes and are equally steep should have the same slope.The slope of a steep line with a positive slope should be bigger than the slope of a flat line.

According to the question, we are to discuss about slope and its property. As a result of this we can see that Lines that have positive slopes and are equally steep should have the same slope.

Learn more about slope at;

https://brainly.com/question/6531433

of you know southern and eastern asia geography please help​

Answers

Answer:

1. Japan

2. India

3. South Korea

4. Vietnam

5. North Korea

6. China

A. Sea of Japan

B. South China Sea

C. Yellow Sea

D. Huang He

E. Bay of Bengal

F. Yangtze

G. Ganges River

H. Indian Ocean

Explanation:

Under numbers we have countries of Southern and Eastern Asia. The largest among them is China (6).

Under letters we have water surfaces, including rivers and oceans.

Answer:

the other guy is right

Explanation: give him brainliest because im du-mb

The table below shows the fossils of organisms found in various layers of an undisturbed rock:

Which statement about the organisms whose fossils are found in the rock is correct?

A: Organism W existed much before Organism Y

B: Organism Y existed over the longest period of time

C: Organism Y and Organism U were alive over the same time span

D: Organism W existed over a shorter period of time than did organism X

Answers

I think answer should be c. Please give me brainlest let me know if it’s correct or not okay thanks I hope you have a great day

in what way does a transform boundry differ from the other boundry types​

Answers

Answer:

Transform plate boundaries are different from the other two types of plate boundaries. At divergent plate boundaries, new oceanic crust is formed. At convergent boundaries, old oceanic crust is destroyed. But at transform plate boundaries, crust is neither created nor destroyed

Explanation:

what country has not experienced balkanization?

Answers

Answer:

Kosovo

Explanation:

Hope this helps

Which phrase best describes surface currents? hurry!!! 30 points!!!
A. up-and-down ocean movement caused by wind
B. waves that hit the shore at an angle and transport sand
C. streams of warm water flowing through the ocean and caused by wind
D. waves that approach the shore and cause their crests to fall into their troughs

Answers

Answer:

Option B

Explanation:

Answer:

C the interaction of the moon, the Sun, and Earth

Explanation:

because i got it right on 2020 edg

ANSWER FIRST AND U GET WHATEVER U WANT

Answers

Can you please mark me as the brainliest answer and have an amazing day!
Thank you so much!

8 ft
a
7 ft
What is the length of the missing leg? If necessary, round to the nearest tenth.

Answers

Answer:

6 ft is the answwr gollow

Can light pass through gelatin without changing

Answers

Answer:Yes and no

Explanation: Greens can pass through blue gelatin and reds can pass through red gelatin

Which landforms were most likely created by the eruption of
volcanoes?

A. deltas
B. plains
C. mountains
D. canyons

Answers

Answer:

B plains is the answer

Explanation:

Plains may have been formed from flowing lava, deposited by water, ice, wind, or formed by erosion by these agents from hills and mountains. Plains would generally be under the grassland (temperate or subtropical), steppe (semi-arid), savannah (tropical) or tundra (polar) biomes

About how far does the Swave travel through Earth in 13 minutes?

Answers

2,000 km , hope this helps <3

are all cities integrated into globalization in the same way?

Answers

Answer:

Although global cities are interconnected, embedded as they are in global production and financial networks, they are also locked into competition with one another to command increasing resources and to attract capital. To successfully compete, local governments have been keen to promote their cities as global.

Explanation:

Which element on a map indicates north,
south, east, and west directions?

Answers

Answer:

the global locator. it's at the bottom of the world map

why are voluntariness and responsibility important element of freedom?​

Answers

Answer:

Only who is responsible can be free, while voluntariness is the description of an act that is not caused by an effect, but by free choice (one can be held responsible for). Voluntariness is both the cause and the result of freedom. Responsibility preserves freedom.

Answer:

Only who is responsible can be free, while voluntariness is the description of an act that is not caused by an effect, but by free choice (one can be held responsible for). Voluntariness is both the cause and the result of freedom. Responsibility preserves freedom.

Explanation:

Look at the map above. Which of the following statements is true?


A.

Baja California is located at number 5.

B.

The Isthmus of Panama is located at number 2.

C.

The Yucatan Peninsula is located at number 4.

D.

The Sierra Madre Occidental is located at number 3.

Answers

Answer:

c) the yucatan peninsula is located at number 4

Explanation:

2. What forms can development aid take?

Answers

Answer:

Types of aid

Bilateral aid (also known as 'tied aid') - the country receiving the aid must spend the money on goods and services from the country providing it.

Multilateral aid - high-income countries donate money through organisations such as the United Nations (UN) and the World Bank.

Explanation:

Hoped I helped!! - Have a amazing day ❤️

Using your own knowledge. Examine the primary and secondary effects of an earthquake or volcanic eruption that you have studied.

Answers

Answer:

The primary effects of earthquakes are caused by the surface rupture along the fault and by the ground shaking via the earthquake energy release. The secondary effects are the effects that occur directly as a result of this earthquake shaking and energy release, i.e., the onset of a tsunami wave, or a landslide.

Explanation:

What did many people feel should change in Europe after world War ll?

Answers

At the end of the war, millions of people were dead and millions more homeless, the European economy had collapsed, and much of the European industrial infrastructure had been destroyed. The Soviet Union, too, had been heavily affected. The war changed the economical balance of the world, leaving European countries deep in debt and making the U.S. the leading industrial power and creditor in the world. Inflation shot up in most countries and the German economy was highly affected by having to pay for reparations.

define rock and minerals with examples

Answers

Answer:

A mineral is a pure substance with a specific composition and structure, while a rock is typically a mixture of several different minerals (although a few types of rock may include only one type of mineral). Examples of minerals are feldspar, quartz, mica, halite, calcite, and amphibole.

Explanation:

BRAINLIEST PLZZZZZ

Help!!! il give brainlist​

Answers

Answer:

What do you need help with?

What happens to the force of gravity between two masses if one mass is increased?
It fluctuates.
It stays the same
It decreases
It increases

Answers

Answer:

It increases

Explanation:

took the test on k12

Make me Brainliest

Answer:

the anwser is it decreases

Explanation:

i took the test

Describe what happens when two continental plates collide..

Answers

Answer:

The continental crust is pushed together and upward to form large Mountain ranges.

Explanation:

If a nonrenewable
resource cannot be returned to the source how can people use it in the future?

Answers

Answer:

recycle

Explanation:

I'm sure in the near future, we will be able to find ways to reuse objects that we couldn't before, especially as the world advances.

Answer:

They can't

Explanation:

The difference between these two types of resources is that renewable resources can naturally replenish themselves while nonrenewable resources cannot. This means that nonrenewable resources are limited in supply and cannot be used sustainably.

What is an Arabic Numeral?

Answers

Answer:

Arabic numerals are the ten digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. The term often implies a decimal number written using these digits. However the term can mean the digits themselves, such as in the statement "octal numbers are written using Arabic numerals." press thank and vote  pls brainliest me

Explanation:

Answer:

Arabic numerals are the ten numerical digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9.

Explanation:

Arabic numerals are the ten numerical digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. They are the most commonly used symbols to write decimal numbers. They're also used for writing numbers in other systems such as octal, for writing identifiers (eg: computer symbols), trademarks, or license plates.

In a market economy, what determines for whom goods are produded?
OA. government and the market
OB. politicians and the bureaucracy
OC. supply and demand
OD.
custom and tradition
Reset
Submit

Answers

Answer:

In a market economy, the supply and demand determine for whom goods and produced.

Explanation:

There are multiple different economic types, all of which have experienced spikes and popularity, but some also decline. One of the economic types that seem to have been taking over the world since the past century and still continues to do so, is the market economy.

The market economy is an economic type where the businesses are privately owned, and the government only has a regulatory role so that laws are not broken and to protect the people. Also, the businesses have total freedom to decide what, how much, and in which manner to produce goods and where to supply them, and in what amount. The supply is directly dependent on the demand for a particular product in a particular area, so how much is demanded that much is supplied.

Which statement is true about relative dating and radioactive dating?

Both use half-life dating to find an exact age.
Both use the method of superposition.
Both compare rocks to the Earth layer they were found in.
Both compare the object to an event in history.

and please explain for branliest.

Answers

The correct answer is D. Both compare the object to an event in history.

Explanation

Relative dating is a method of dating and classifying the age or presence between two or more items. This method is based on three principles, that of superposition, continuity, and paleontological identity. On the other hand, radioactive dating is another dating method that uses the principle of decay of radioactive isotopes to know the age of one element concerning another. These two methods are generally used in paleontology, geology, and other sciences that study the antiquity of different objects, materials, or elements and need to date broad time spectra. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Both compare the object to an event in history.

Answer: Both compare the object to an event in history.

Relative dating is a way to find the age of an object by comparing it to the known age of things found in the layers of Earth around the object. The age can also be related to a known event in time. This method provides an estimated age and is typically shown as a range of years.

Radioactive dating is done by examining the atomic particles found in an object. The atomic particles decay over time at a predictable rate. Scientists are able to measure the rate of decay to establish the age of the material. (This method provides a very specific age)

ANSWER FIRST AND YOU GET BRAIN

Answers

Answer:

a. red sea

Explanation:

Answer:

red seaaaaseaaaaaaaaaaa

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