a small source of light at the bottom face of a rectangular glass slab 2.25 cm thick is viewed from above. rays of light totally internally reflected at the top surface outline a circle of 7.60 cm in diameter on the bottom surface. determine the refractive index of the glass.

Answer:BY opening it and closing it quickly to make a tiny bit of it come out

Explanation:

if throughout this period 109 photons impact on the detector. The radiation has a frequency of 2.5*1014 Hz. Gamma radiation is this kind of electromagnetic radiation.

The equation: may be used to determine the radiation's frequency.

Frequency equals the sum of the photons (time)

The frequency in this instance is:

109 photons divided by 40 x 10-3 seconds equals 2.725 x 1011 Hz as the frequency.

Due to the extremely high frequency, it is most likely gamma rays, a form of electromagnetic radiation. Gamma rays, which are often created by the decay of radioactive materials or nuclear processes, contain the greatest energy and the shortest wavelength of all known kinds of electromagnetic radiation. They may also result from other high-energy astrophysical phenomena, such as cosmic rays.

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One of the Milankovitch cycles is the changes in the Earth's tilt.

Option C.

The Milankovitch cycles are cycles that relates the Earth motions and long-term climate change  and they include the following:

Thus, we can conclude that one of the Milankovitch cycles must relate to the changes in the Earth's tilt or  the angle Earth's axis is tilted with respect to Earth's orbital plane, known as obliquity.

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By taking the product of intensity and area, the energy is transferred to each ear drum. The energy reached per second is ∅= tan⁻¹[tex]({\frac{FX}{FC})[/tex]

The energy transferred to each eardrum in 1 second is related to the sound intensity and the area of the eardrum. At a distance of 30 m from the loudspeakers, the sound intensity is 0.0011 W/m² as we calculated before.

The area of an eardrum with a diameter of 8.4 mm is:

  A = (π/4) × (8.4 mm/2)² = 21.5 mm²

The energy transferred to each eardrum in 1 second is:

E = I × A × t = (0.0011 W/m²) × (21.5 mm²) × (1 s)

                          = 0.023 J/ear

So the energy transferred to each eardrum in 1 second is 0.023 J.

Energy is the ability to do work. It can take many forms, such as thermal energy, kinetic energy, potential energy, chemical energy, and more. Energy can be converted from one form to another, but the total amount of energy in a closed system remains constant (the law of conservation of energy). The unit of energy is the joule (J).

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The coefficient of kinetic friction for that box is 0.745. You can determine from Newton second law.

As per data given:

box mass(M)= 5 kg = 5

Force required F = 40 N

First, assume μs and μk as the coefficient of static and kinetic friction. Normal reaction on the box due to the floor is given by:

N = M x g= 5 x 9.8 = 49 N

Force of static friction (fs) = μs x N = 49 x μs N

To make the box move, minimum force need has to higher then static frictional force, therefore:

fs = F = 40 N

μs x 49 = 40

μs = 0.816

Since acceleration of the box(a) = 0.7 m/s² then kinetic friction acting for the box :

force k = μk x N

force k = 49 × μk N

As per data given:

box mass(M)= 5 kg = 5

Force required F = 40 N

First, assume μs and μk as the coefficient of static and kinetic friction. Normal reaction on the box due to the floor is given by:

N = M x g= 5 x 9.8 = 49 N

Force of static friction (fs) = μs x N = 49 x μs N

To make the box move, minimum force need has to higher then static frictional force, therefore:

fs = F = 40 N

μs x 49 = 40

μs = 0.816

Since acceleration of the box(a) = 0.7 m/s² then kinetic friction acting for the box :

force k = μk x N

force k = 49 × μk N

Based on Newton's second law, we can determine μk

F − force k = M x a

40 − 49  x μk = 5 x 0.7

μk = 0.745

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Answer:

  75 J

Explanation:

You want the work done by a force of 25N over a distance of 3 m.

As your formula tells you, the work is the product of force and distance:

  W = Fd

  W = (25 N)(3 m) = 75 N·m

One newton·meter is one Joule.

  = 75 J

__

Additional comment

Both newtons (N) and joules (J) are derived SI units:

  1 N = 1 kg·m/s²

  1 J = 1 kg·m²/s² = 1 N·m

Formula for work:

[tex]w=Fd[/tex]

work(measured in joules) = force(measured in newtons) * distance(measured in meters)

__________________________________________________________

Given:

[tex]F=25N[/tex]

[tex]d=3m[/tex]

[tex]w=?[/tex]

__________________________________________________________

Finding work:

[tex]w=Fd[/tex]

[tex]w=25\times3[/tex]

__________________________________________________________

Answer:

[tex]\fbox{w = 75 Joules}[/tex]

From the given options electrical force is most sensitive to the distance.

In electrostatics, the electrical force between two charged particles is inversely proportional to the distance of separation between the two particles. By Increasing the separation distance between particles, the force of attraction or repulsion between the particles can be decreased. And by decreasing the separation distance between particles, the force of attraction or repulsion between the particles can be increased.

As the distance between two charge particles are of atomic level, or we can say very small, as compared to the gravitational force or other force, so we can say that electrical forces are extremely sensitive to distance. A small change in the distance between the charged particles can cause major changes in the force between them.

Hence the correct option is B.

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The location of the center of mass of the three objects is 0.237 m from the pivot to the 50 kg kid side when two kids sit at the ends of a teeter-totter one has a mass of 50kg and the other has a mass of 35 kg the teeter-totter is 3m long and has a mass of 10kg.

Let x=0 be the pivot point of the teeter-totter

and a kid is sitting at x1 = -1.5 m with mass m1 = 50 kg

another kid is sitting at x2 = 1.5 m with mass m2 = 35 kg

mass of teeter-totter, m = 10 kg

Now, the center of mass = [tex]\frac{m1x1+m2x2+mx0}{m1+m2+m}[/tex]

or COM = (-1.5x50 + 1.5x35 + 0)/(50+35+10)

COM = - 22.5/95 = - 0.237 m

Therefore, the location of the center of mass of the three objects is 0.237 m from the pivot to the 50 kg kid side when two kids sit at the ends of a teeter-totter one has a mass of 50kg and the other has a mass of 35 kg the teeter-totter is 3m long and has a mass of 10kg.

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A graphical representation of data is a method of presenting two sets of data visually using a graph.The graph shows two entities, one on the x-axis and the other on the y-axis.

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The options are (a) False (b) True (c) False (d) False for closed system.

A system that interacts with the outside world is an open system. Depending on the field that defines the term, these interactions can involve the transfer of information, energy, or materials into or out of the system border. A closed system is a naturally occurring physical system that forbids the movement of matter into or out of the system; nevertheless, the movement of energy is permitted in situations involving physics, chemistry, or engineering. A thermos can be thought of as a closed system as only energy can enter or exit it, but no matter can because it won't spill. In thermodynamics, open systems enable both matter and energy to enter and exit.

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The speed of the wave is 2 m/s. The wavelength of the wave is 0.228 meters. The frequency of the waves are 1 × 10¹⁶ Hz and 1.5 × 10¹³ Hz, respectively.

Wave speed relates to the speed of a wave to the wavelength and frequency of the wave. When the wavelength and the frequency of the wave are known to us, then this equation can be used to calculate the wave speed. The frequency of a wave is the number of waves which move in one second.

5. Speed of wave = wavelength × Frequency

Speed of wave = 20 × 0.1

Speed of wave = 2 m/s

6. Wavelength = Speed/ Frequency of wave

Wavelength = 343/ 1500

Wavelength = 0.228 meters

7. Frequency = Speed/ wavelength of the wave

Frequency = 3 × 10⁸/ 3 × 10⁻⁸

Frequency = 1 × 10¹⁶ Hz

8. Frequency = Speed of light/ Wavelength of the light wave

Frequency = 3 × 10⁸/ 2 × 10⁻⁵

Frequency = 1.5 × 10¹³ Hz

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The statement is true that sunlight falling on a spaceship in a vacuum will cause the spaceship to become a bit positively charged.

The photoelectric effect is the mechanism by which light may remove electrons from metallic surfaces, making them positively charged. The photoelectric effect might cause the surface of a metallic spaceship circling in sunlight to become positively charged.

Measuring the electron's energy is necessary for the photoelectric effect. Vacuum is necessary if you want to perform this with electrons. Under atmospheric conditions, electrons collide violently with gas molecules and atoms and quickly lose energy, which is completely unacceptable. Vacuum is therefore necessary.

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With a top speed of 411 km/h, Howard's sweet ride can accelerate from 0 to 320 km/h in just 12.6 seconds. It acceleration at 32,683.333 m/s2, in m/s.

To find the acceleration of Howard's sweet ride, we can use the equation:

Acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time

Given the final velocity as 411 km/h = 411,000 m/h and initial velocity as 0 m/s and time of acceleration as 12.6 seconds.

Acceleration = (411,000 m/h - 0 m/s) / (12.6 s) = 32,683.333 m/s^2

So the acceleration of Howard's sweet ride is 32,683.333 m/s^2.

It is worth noting that the units must be consistent, it is better to convert km/h to m/s before calculating the acceleration, to get the accurate result.

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Consider a "unit area" of 1 square inch. At sea level, the mass of air above the unit area (on average) would weigh 14.7 pounds. This means that the pressure applied by this air to the area of ​​the unit would be 14.7 pounds per square inch.

The height above sea level is known as altitude. Altitude causes a drop in air density. There are two causes for this: less air is forced upward at greater altitudes, and gravity is weaker the further one gets from the centre of the Earth. As a result, the air density drops at higher elevations where the air molecules can spread out more.

Mass per unit volume is density. How closely the molecules get packed together determines the density. The density increases with their proximity to one another. Because air is a gas, the molecules can either be closely packed or widely spaced.

Unless it's moving, we rarely sense the air around us. But air shares many fundamental characteristics with other matter. Air, for instance, has mass, volume, and density.

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Consider a "unit area" of 1 square inch. At sea level, the mass of air above the unit area (on average) would weigh 14.7 pounds. This means that the pressure applied by this air to the area of ​​the unit would be 14.7 pounds per square inch.

The height above sea level is known as altitude. Altitude causes a drop in air density. There are two causes for this: less air is forced upward at greater altitudes, and gravity is weaker the further one gets from the centre of the Earth. As a result, the air density drops at higher elevations where the air molecules can spread out more.

Mass per unit volume is density. How closely the molecules get packed together determines the density. The density increases with their proximity to one another. Because air is a gas, the molecules can either be closely packed or widely spaced.

29.92 × Hg 1.0 atm = 101.325 kPa = 1013.25 mb

⇒ 1013.25/68.89

=  14.7 pounds per square inch

Unless it's moving, we rarely sense the air around us. But air shares many fundamental characteristics with other matter. Air, for instance, has mass, volume, and density.

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U=GM m /r is the formula for the potential energy of a system that includes the Earth and an object orbiting the planet.

U=GM m /r is the formula for the potential energy of a system that includes the Earth and an object orbiting the planet.

G stands for gravity constant.

The Earth's mass is M.

m is the object's mass.

r is the separation between the item and the center of the Earth.

Here it is:

M = 5.98-10(24) kg, where m = 102 kg is the object's mass.

The object's distance from the center of the Earth is given by the formula r = 2R.

is the radius of the Earth

when substituting

U = -3.19 - 10 (9) J

The object's combined potential and kinetic energies make up its total mechanical energy:

where

the mechanical energy is E.

The potential energy is U.

K stands for kinetic energy.

E = U +K

E = 0 in this case because we want the item to have no energy, which results in kinetic energy of K = -U = 3.19- 10 (9) J.

The object's kinetic energy can be represented as where m = 102 kg is its mass and v is its speed.

And solving for v, we find:

r = 7909 m/s

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Answer:

Question 1: the two controlled variables are "initial mass of ice" and "initial surface area of ice".

Questions 2: it's "mass of the water after the ice has melted" and "time for the ice to melt completely"

To calculate the magnitude of the force that would exactly counterbalance these three forces, we need to use the principle of vector addition. This involves combining the three forces vectorially to find the net force acting on the object.

First, we need to find the resultant of the two forces that are at an angle of 90 degrees to each other. This can be done using the Pythagorean theorem:

Resultant = √(25² + 12²) = √(625 + 144) = √769 = 27.74 N

Next, we need to find the net force acting on the object by adding the third force (4 N) to the resultant of the first two forces (27.74 N).

Net force = 4 N + 27.74 N = 31.74 N

Therefore, the magnitude of the force that would exactly counterbalance these three forces is 31.74 N.

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The ball drops quicker as a result of the topspin, which might make it more challenging for the opponent to strike the ball at the appropriate moment. Topspin may be used to produce shots that are more difficult to return because of this.

Generally, The Magnus effect is caused by the difference in air pressure on the top and bottom of a spinning object.

On a ball with a topspin, the air pressure is greater on the top of the ball than on the bottom, which creates a lifting force that causes the ball to move upward.

This can cause the ball to have more height or to curve in a specific direction, making it more difficult for the opponent to return.

The topspin also causes the ball to drop faster than it would otherwise, which can make it more difficult for the opponent to hit the ball at the right time. This makes topspin a useful tool for making shots that are harder to return.

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The statement that best compares potential and kinetic energy is that Kinetic energy increases and potential energy decreases when the velocity of an object increases. That is option B.

Kinetic energy is defined as the type of energy that is being possessed by a body that is in constant motion.

Potential energy is defined as the type of energy that is stored within a body as it remains in a steady state.

Velocity is defined as the distance covered by an object with respect to time.

Therefore, the major difference between a kinetic energy and potential energy is that Kinetic energy increases and potential energy decreases when the velocity of an object increases.

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The resistance of two resistors are R1 is and R2 is 1.4ohms and 6.2ohms respectively where R1 is smaller and R2 is larger resistance.

Given the voltage of battery (V) = 12V

Let the resistance of smaller resistor = R1

Let the resistance of larger resistor = R2

The current in circuit when connected in parallel (Is) = 1.57A

Ohms law states that V = IR where V is voltage R is resistance and I is current.

When resistors are connected in series Rs = R1 + R2

V =Is(R1 + R2)

R1 + R2 = 12/1.57 = 7.6

R1 = 7.6 - R2

When resistors are connected in parallel 1/Rp = 1/R1 + 1/R2

then Rp = R1R2/R1 + R2

The current in parallel circuit (Ip) = 10.5A

V = Ip(R1R2/R1+R2)

R1R2 = 12 x (7.6) / 10.5 = 8.68

(7.6 - R2)R2 = 8.68

R2^2-7.6R2+8.68 = 0

R2 = 6.2ohm

R1 = 7.6 - 6.2 = 1.4ohms

Hence the smaller resistance is 1.4ohms and larger resistance is 6.2ohms.

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The image is labelled as: a. crest b. wavelength c. amplitude d. through

The distance between identical points (adjacent crests) in adjacent cycles of a waveform signal propagated in space or along a wire is defined as the wavelength. This length is typically specified in wireless systems in meters (m), centimeters (cm), or millimeters (mm) (mm). The distance between two successive crests or troughs of a wave is defined as its wavelength. It is measured in the wave's direction. The Greek letter lambda () is commonly used to represent wavelength. The term wavelength is also applied to modulated waves, as well as their sinusoidal envelopes or waves formed by the interference of several sinusoids.

Here,

The image has the following labels: a. crest b. wavelength c. amplitude d. through

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A small wooden cylinder drops down onto the water surface. The resulting motion on the surface of water splash, then start to sink, displacing a volume of water equal to its own volume.

In physics, motion refers to the change of position of an object with respect to its surroundings over time. If an object's location varies in relation to a reference point, it is said to be in motion.

There are various types of motion, including:

Circular motion: This is motion in a circular path. An example of this is a wheel spinning on an axle.

Periodic motion: This is motion that repeats itself in equal intervals of time. An example of this is a swing that goes back and forth.

Random motion: This is motion that is unpredictable and does not follow a regular pattern. An example of this is the motion of a molecule in a gas.

Relative motion: This is motion that is described as the movement of an object with respect to another object.

All of these types of motion have different characteristics and can be described and analyzed mathematically using laws of motion and other principles of physics.

When a small wooden cylinder drops onto the surface of water, it will initially create a splash as it impacts the surface. The splash will create a disturbance in the water surface, causing ripples to spread outwards from the point of impact.

The wooden cylinder will then start to sink, displacing a volume of water equal to its own volume. As the cylinder sinks, it will continue to create ripples on the surface of the water, with the amplitude of the ripples decreasing as the distance from the point of impact increases.

Once the wooden cylinder sinks to the bottom, the motion on the surface of the water will cease and the ripples will dissipate.

It's worth noting that this motion on the surface of the water will depend on the factors such as the size, shape, density, and velocity of the wooden cylinder, and on the viscosity and surface tension of the water.

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The truck life cycle from conception through obsolescence is referred to as the life cycle of a vehicle. Research and development are the first steps in the initial product development for the automobile (R&D).

It ends with the removal of the product from sale (discontinued). Utilizing this process allows for the retention and growth phases of the employee lifespan. Employee retention is aided and opportunities for career progression are presented by a great onboarding experience. The new hire should be introduced to the appropriate departments and coworkers. Your business begins to carve out a distinct position in the market during the growth phase of the business life cycle. Your customers and your business strategy begin to gain traction.

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Answer:

300 kg x cm/s / 100 = 3 kg x m/s.

The pressure as compared to atmospheric pressure is known as gauge pressure. Gauge pressure is positive for pressures higher than atmospheric pressure. Gauge pressure is negative for pressures below atmospheric pressure.

Pg denotes gauge pressure, which is related to absolute pressure as follows: Pa is the local atmospheric pressure, and pg is equal to p - pa. Example: 32.0 psi is the tire pressure as measured by an automobile tire gauge. 14.2 psi is the atmospheric pressure in the area.

Two objects that are in contact with one another are under pressure. The pressure distribution across the entire contact area is known as the pressure profile.

This type of reading is simply known as "gauge pressure" since the majority of gauges measure pressure relative to atmospheric pressure, which serves as the zero point. However, anything that is not a complete vacuum is considered to be under some type of pressure.

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Answer:

The angle of incidence of a wave is always equal to the angle of reflection.

Explanation:

1. The angle of incidence is the angle made by the incident ray with the  surface and the line perpendicular to the surface.

2. The angle of reflection is the angle between the reflected ray and the perpendicular to the surface.

3. A wave is an energetic disturbance in a medium without any movement of particles.

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The measure of the angle of descent should be 2.15° from the horizontal line of sight, if the altitude of the plane is 7.5 km above the ground.

The Altitude of the plane above the ground, h = 7.5 km

The straight line distance of the landing place from the airplane, d = 200 km

For the decent landing of the airplane, there should not be an steep angle of landing. We know tanθ = Height/base

tanθ = h/d

So the descent angle will be tan⁻¹(h/d)

So, tan⁻¹(7.5/200)

θ = 2.1475 ≈ 2.15°

So, θ = 2.15°

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The distance between 2 adjacent nodes with the speed of wave propagation on the rope is 76 m/s, and the standing wave frequency is 416 Hz is 0.09 m.

Half of the wavelength is equal to the distance between two adjacent nodes or antinodes.

Standing wave nodes: At any given moment, the displacements of the two traveling waves are always equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, resulting in the sum forming a node.

Hence,

Wavelength = velocity/frequency

λ = v/f

= 76 /416

= 0.18 m

So, the distance between 2 adjacent nodes:

½ λ

½ (0.18)

= 0.09 m

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They travel back and forth parallel to the path that the wave is moving

A transverse wave is a motion in which every point on the wave oscillates along a route that is perpendicular to the wave's forward motion. Transverse waves include electromagnetic (such as radio and light) waves, seismic S (secondary) waves, and surface ripples on water.

In a transverse wave, the medium's particles move perpendicular to the wave's path. Peaks and valleys, referred to as crests and troughs, are features of transverse waves. The medium's particles move parallel to the wave's direction of travel during a longitudinal wave.

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