Answer:
The correct answer is ''forms a channel in the target cell membrane that causes cytolysis.''
Explanation:
The membrane attack complex (MAC) has the essential effect of producing a notable osmotic imbalance in the microorganism that leads to its cytolysis (in Gram-negative bacteria it inserts into the outer membrane, favoring the entry of lysozyme, and in Gram-positive ones insert into the cytoplasmic membrane, destroying the electrochemical gradients). The lytic pathway corresponds to the final reactions of the complement system. It begins when the C5 convertase enzymes formed either in the classical pathway, MBL or the alternative, fix the factor C5 and fragment it into C5a (anaphylatoxin) that passes into the fluid medium and C5b, which binds non-covalently to C3b. The C5b fraction captures C6 and C7 from the fluid phase, forming a stable C5b67 complex with chemotaxic activity and membrane-binding capacity, which when joining the C8 fraction is cytolytic, and acquires the ability to interact with C9 molecules, forming the complex C5b6789. The C9 molecules then undergo conformational changes, enhance and accelerate the penetration of this membrane attack complex (MAC), giving rise to the formation of channels that allow the free exchange of sodium and water with the outside of the cell, causing the consequent osmotic lysis (cytolysis)of the attacked cell, since C9 is structurally homologous to perforin, a protein released by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NK cells, and which is also responsible for the formation of pores in the membrane of the target cells.
How is energy stored when ADP is converted to ATP?
Answer:
Energy is stored in the bonds between the phosphate groups (PO4-) of the ATP molecule. When ATP is broken down into ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate, energy is released. When ADP and inorganic phosphate are joined to form ATP, energy is stored.
Explanation:
Hope this helped Mark BRAINLEST!!
How many family members have dimples?
Please help!
Answer:
4
Explanation:
Shaded means that the family members are affected (which in this case means having dimples)
Answer:
5
Explanation:
Simple organisms usually make exact copies of themselves when they reproduce. What do we call this type of reproduction?
Answer:
asexual reproduction.
Which mutation(s) cause the product to be a non-functional protein?
a.Nonsense and Missense c.ilent and Nonsense b. Frameshift and Missense
d. Nonsense and Frameshift
Answer:
The correct answer is - option D. nonsense and frameshift.
Explanation:
If there is a change in the sequence of DNA resulting in premature stop codon mRNA during transcription is known as a nonsense mutation and result in a non-functional protein.
a frame-shift mutation takes place when at least two nucleotides are altered and there are less chances to be changed by two others coding for the same nucleotide. It leads to a non-functional protein.
Explain how to revise the following DNA model to form mRNA
AACCTGGGACTATGAT
100pts!!! PLEASE HELP quickly!!
1. For today’s weather, it’s up to you to decide where the fronts are located. Draw the fronts on the map. Explain your reasoning.
As per the weather map of north America the regions of high and low pressure are given along with the cloudiness and range of temperatures
The warm and fold fonts are affected by the cloud covers and hence affect the temperature of the region. The cold front will be along the borer of 40 and 50°. The northeastern region shows maximum cloud cover and a low pressure. As compared to the western and southern region have have high temperatures and experienced high pressure. The winds will below from the high pressure to low pressure and hence create instability cover the north eastern parts.Hence the fronts are located north east and central zone.
Learn more about the For today’s weather, it’s up to you to decide where.
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What do these do ?Endocrine Glands, hormones :
A. Transports nutrients and oxygen to the body, removes waste
B. Sends chemical messages for growth, reproduction, and
: Kidneys, bla energy processes
C. Filters the blood to removes toxins, excess water, and other
wastes
D. Works with skeletal system to procide movement, helps
digest food, pump heart, and move blood through veins
temperature, detects stimuli fro
E. Produces sex cells (sperm and ovum), nurtures and protects growing fertilizer egg
F. Provides support and structure to the body, stores minerals, produces blood cells, works with muscular system for movement
Answer:
F. Provides support and structure to the body, stores minerals, produces blood cells, works with muscular system for movement
The order of the genes on a plant chromosome is A, B, C, where A and B are located 10 cM apart and B and C are located 3 cM apart. What is the probability that the trihybrid ABC/abc will produce any kind of recombinant gamete
Answer:
Double Crossing-over prob = 0.3% Simple Crossing-Over prob A-B = 9.7%Simple Crossing-Over prob B-C = 2.7%Total Crossing-Over prob = 12.7%Explanation:
Available data:
order of the genes on a plant chromosome is A, B, CA and B are located 10 cM apartB and C are located 3 cM apartThe genetic distance = recombination frequency x 100 expressed in map units (MU). One centiMorgan (cM) equals one map unit (MU).
We can use the provided map with the distances between genes to predict the occurrence of any kind of recombinant gamete.
We know that there is a probability of a simple crossing over to occur between genes A and B, or between genes B and C. And we also know that there is a probability of double crossing-over occurrence.
We can get the probability of the double-crossing over by multiplying the recombination frequencies between A-B and B-C. So,
DCO prob = recombination frequency A-B x recombination frequency B-C
= 0.1 x 0.03 = 0.003 = 0.3%
DCO prob = 0.3%
According to this, we would expect to find
0.15% AbC0.15% aBcNow we need to know what are the probabilities of getting a simple crossing-over, SCO. We already have the genetic distances between genes. 10 cM equals 0.1 of recombination frequency, and 3cM equals 0.03 of recombination frequency. However, we can not estimate the probabilities of simple crossing over using only this information, because this data is including the probabilities of the double crossing-over occurrence. So we need to substrate this percentage.
SCO prob A-B = 0.1 - 0.003 = 0.097 = 9.7%
SCO prob A-B = 9.7%
we would expect to find
4.85% Abc4.85% aBCSCO prob B-C = 0.03 - 0.003 = 0.027 = 2.7%
SCO prob B-C = 2.7%
we would expect to find
1.35% ABc1.35% abCThe total Crossing-over probability, TCO, is then the sum of all the crossing over probabilities,
TCO= SCO A-B + SCO B-C + DCO
TCO prob = 9.7% + 2.7% + 0.3%
TCO = 12.7%
In a scientific experiment, a
changed
is any factor that can change or be
A. hypothesis
B. causation
ОООО
C. conclusion
D. variable
SUBMIT
How “Competition in an ecosystem” is playing a role in life?
Answer:
Competition is an interaction between organisms or species in which both the organisms or species are harmed. Limited supply of at least one resource (such as food, water, and territory) used by both can be a factor.
Explanation:
A student is studying the amino acid sequence of a protein shared by four organisms. The student wants to know which organism is most closely related to organism A. The student has data that shows the number of amino acid differences between organism A and each of the other organisms. Study the data in the chart. Organism Number of Difference in Amino Acid Sequence from Organism A B 3 C 5 D 1 Which organism does this data suggest is most closely related to organism A? C B D
Answer:
it's D i just took the test
The following is an example of mechanical energy
a. Riding a bike
b. Eating food
c. The sun
d. A fire giving off heat
Answer:
The answer is A.
Explanation:
Because it involves motion and kinetic energy.
What is NOT apart of a seed?
Answer:
A) Stigma
Explanation:
This option makes the most sense of all of them. The food storage option is incorrect because food storage is a part of a seed. The stigma is part of producing the seed, not part of the actual seed. The testa is the seed coat (part of a seed). The plumule is also part of a seed (stem or seedling).
Hope it helps!
Large multicellular organisms are made of a wide variety of cell types. Do
all of the types of cells pass through the cell cycle at the same rate? *
1 point
Yes. All of the cells divide at approximately the same times throughout the life of the
organism.
Yes. All of the cells divide at approximately the same rate, although they may divide at
different times.
No. Some specialized cells, such as skin cells, divide much more rapidly than other
specialized cells
No. Some specialized cells, such as skin cells, divide much more slowly than other
specialized cells.
Answer:
Yes, All of the cells divide at approximately the same rate, although they may divide at different times
Those organisms which are made up of more than one cell are called multicellular organisms.
These are a few examples of multicellular organisms:-
PlantsAnimalsFungiMulticellularity helps them to perform various work at the same time. To maintain the same number of cells in an organism, its body starts cell division.
It is not necessary for the host to divide all the cells at the same time.
Hence the correct option is Yes. All of the cells divide at approximately the same rate, although they may divide at different times.
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Which type of molecule is embedded throughout the phospholipid bilayer?
Answer:Integral proteins
Explanation:
The Law of Conservation of energy states what?
a. energy can always be created and destroyed
b. energy can be created but not destroyed
c. energy can never be created but can be destroyed
d. energy can never be created or destroyed
Answer:
D hope it helps for your quiz and goodluck
Explanation:
d-energy can neither be created nor destroyed but it can be chanfed from one form to another.
What do you mean by "in atleast 5 sentences" We were asked to write about typhoon Yolanda in atleast 5 sentences. So what do you mean by that?
Pls help.
Answer:It means in 5 sentences write about typhoon Yolanda
Explanation:
Which of the following is not released by sweat glands?
A. Water. B. Salt.c.waste d.oil
Answer:
c. Waste
JSJSJSJS
Explanation:
Hatdog
structures of bacterial cells.
what are the major macromolecule for Capsule, gram-positive cell wall, endospore, pilus, fimbriae, plasmid, plasma membrane, and ribosomes?
Answer:
Explanation:
Bacteria capsule contain poly-γ-d-glutamic acid and also possesses antiphagocytic properties .
Gram positive cell wall peptidoglycan.
Fimbriae contain adhesin which make them to attach to a base and counter shear force and obtain food.
Pili contain oligomeric proteins which is hair like structure.
Endospores consists of DNA, ribosomes and dipicolinic acid.
RIBOSOMES consist of ribosomal RNA and proteins.
Plasmid consist of circular DNA.
Plasma membranes consist lipid bilayer.
When writing the name of an organism which part starts with a capitol letter?
A. Kingdom
B.genus
C.species
Answer:
I believe it is Genus, but I'm not sure.
Explanation:
Why is the parietal lobe sometimes called the
"association lobe"?
Answer:
The parietal lobes are primarily responsible for receiving and processing sensory input such as touch, pressure, heat, cold, and pain. The parietal lobes are also involved in the perception of body awareness and the construction of a spatial coordinate system (mental map) to represent the world around us
Answer:
The parietal lobe is one of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the brain of mammals. The parietal lobe is positioned above the temporal lobe and behind the frontal lobe and central sulcus. ... The name comes from the parietal bone, which is named from the Latin paries-, meaning "wall".
Explanation:
What if cellular respiration did not occur
Answer:
cellular respiration is a process that needs oxygen, so when oxygen is not present, they do not happen, but there is glycolysis, which doesn't need oxygen. the process of glycolysis produces 2 ATP and that is what is needed, so to continue glycolysis, the cells go through fermentation.
Explanation:
THE ANSWER IS FERMENTATION!!!!
Answer:
If cellular respiration does not occur, then the level of oxygen present in the cell will get decreased as a result cell can die due to lack of oxygen. This is because cellular respiration provides the energy necessary for cellular activities.
Explanation:
Describe the convalent bond including providing examples of compounds formed through each type of bond ?
Answer:
is a chemical bond between two non-metal atoms. Like Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon are just few.
There is a covalent bond between the oxygen and each hydrogen in a water molecule (H 2 O). Each of the covalent bonds contains two electrons, one from a hydrogen atom and one from the oxygen atom.
Explanation:
Water or Co2 is a covalent bond that be either polar which has a negative charge and positive charge like water that has one negative oxygen and two positive hydrogen. and non polar like Carbon bonding with carbon is both positive.
Why is diffusion such an efficient process
for all cells?
A. It does not require energy.
B. It occurs so quickly.
C. The high amount of energy used during diffusion is offset by
the amount it creates.
Answer:
A.
Explanation:
Diffusion does not require energy. It's depends on the concentration gradient of the two molecules.
Diffusion is such an efficient process for all cells because it does not require energy. Thus, the correct option is A.
What is Diffusion?Diffusion may be defined as the migration of substances from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.
Diffusion does not require any type of energy for the movement of ions, molecules, or substances. It is a very feasible form of migration of substances.
Diffusion is a type of passive transport and hence takes place in a dropping manner without any expenditure of energy.
Therefore, Diffusion is such an efficient process for all cells because it does not require energy. Thus, the correct option is A.
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propose two ways the body temperature of a sick person can be brought to normal
Answer:
ice pack
Explanation:
Answer:
Swimming in cool water, taking a lukewarm bath, or applying cold water to the body can reduce body temperature.
Explanation:
hope this helps you!
Which question cannot be tested with Scientific investigation?
Answer:
air
Explanation:
A helium atom that has only two electrons will have its electrons in which orbital(s)?
1s orbital
Explanation:
The electron has to go into the first energy level, in the 1s orbital. Helium, with two protons, will have two electrons. These are placed one at a time into the 1s orbital. This makes helium a very contented atom.
es below carefully
Leaf A
Leaf B
Do not compare the size and colour of the leaves.
Based on the diagrams shown above,
state one similarity between Leaf A and Leaf B.
Answer:
They both have a petiole
Explanation:
Leaf A and Leaf B both possess a petiole.
A petiole is the part of the leaf found beneath it which attached the leaf to a stem.
Observing both leaves, they both have this in common. Therefore, they are similar because they both have petiole.
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4. Which choice is a risk factor that may increase chances of abusing alcohol?
1.no access to alcohol
2.no peer pressure
3.alcoholic parent
4.high self-esteem
Answer:
3.alcoholic parent..ÔwÔ
Hydrogen bonding is primarily responsible for the high ______ of water.
a. freezing point
b. boiling point
c. conductivity
d. polarity
The hydrogen bond is responsible for many of the anomalous physical and chemical properties of compounds of N, O, and F. In particular, intermolecular hydrogen bonding is responsible for the high boiling point of water (100 °C) compared to the other group 16 hydrides that have much weakerhydrogen bonds
Explanation:
Therefore, option b is correct.Hydrogen bonding is primarily responsible for the high boiling point of the water. Thus, the correct option is B.
What is Hydrogen bonding?Hydrogen bonding is an interaction which involves a hydrogen atom that is located between a pair of other atoms such as nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine which have a high affinity for electrons, and such a bond is weaker than an ionic bond or a covalent bond but are stronger than van der Waals forces and dispersion forces.
Hydrogen bonding is primarily responsible for the high boiling point of water solvent. Hydrogen bonding is a strong affinity. Hydrogen bonding is created when a hydrogen atom is bonded to an electronegative atom by approaching a nearby electronegative atom.
Therefore, the correct option is B.
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