In IR spectroscopy, a sample of a molecule is irradiated with light in the IR portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. The energy of the infrared radiation after it has passed through the sample is then measured.
A decrease in the energy of a particular wavelength indicates that the molecule has absorbed this energy by undergoing some type of vibration. This is because when a chemical bond stretches and contracts, it vibrates at a specific frequency, which corresponds to a specific wavelength in the IR region of the electromagnetic spectrum. When the sample absorbs IR light at a specific frequency, it causes the bond to vibrate, consuming energy. An IR spectrum is a plot of the energy of the transmitted radiation as a function of the frequency of the infrared radiation. The plot appears as a series of peaks, each of which corresponds to a specific bond vibration in the molecule. The position and intensity of these peaks can provide information about the types of bonds and functional groups present in the molecule.
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Write and balance the chemical equation for Gaseous chlorine reacts with an aqueous solution of potassium bromide to form liquid bromine and an aqueous solution of potassium chloride
The chemical equation for the given reaction is Cl₂+2KBr→2KCl+Br₂.
What is a chemical equation?When chemical bonds between atoms are made or broken, chemical processes take place. Reactants are the substances that start a chemical reaction; products are the substances that come out of the process. To show the direction of a chemical equation, an arrow is drawn between the reactants and products. However, as we'll see in more detail in the section after this, a chemical equation is not always a "one-way street." Since no atoms are formed or destroyed during a typical chemical equation, equations must be balanced to reflect this principle. This principle is known as the law of conservation of matter.
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In an experiment to find the number of molecules of water of crystallization in sodium sulfate crystals,Na2SO4•nH2O,3.22g of sodium sulfate crystals were heated gently.When all the water of crystallization had been driven off, 1.42g of anhydrous soduim sulfate was left. Find the value for n of the formula
The value of n of the formula, Na₂SO₄•nH₂O is 10
How do I determine the value of n in the formula?To obtain the value of n in the formula, we shall determine the formula of the hydrate. Details below:
Mass of hydrate, Na₂SO₄•nH₂O = 3.22 gMass of anhydrou, Na₂SO₄ = 1.42 gMass of water, H₂O = 3.22 - 1.42 = 1.8 gFormula =?Divide by their molar mass
Na₂SO₄ = 1.42 / 142 = 0.01
H₂O = 1.8 / 18 = 0.1
Divide by the smallest
Na₂SO₄ = 0.01 / 0.01 = 1
H₂O = 0.1 / 0.01 = 10
Thus, the formula of the hydrate is Na₂SO₄•10H₂O
Comparing the formula of the hydrate, Na₂SO₄•10H₂O with this Na₂SO₄•nH₂O, we can see that the value of n is 10
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magnesium sulfate is commonly found in one of three hydrated forms in different minerals. a. identify one of the minerals in which the magnesium sulfate is found in its hydrated form.
Epsomite or Epsom salt is one of the minerals in which magnesium sulfate is found in its hydrated form.
Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, often known as epsomite, is a mineral having the chemical formula MgSO47H2O.
Epsomite often takes the form of vast encrustations, however, the orthorhombic system can occasionally produce acicular or fibrous crystals. It ranges from colourless to white with pink, green, and yellow undertones. The specific gravity is only 1.67 and the Mohs hardness ranges from 2 to 2.5.
It dissolves easily in water. After absorbing water from the air, it changes to hexahydrate, losing one water molecule along the way and adopting a monoclinic shape.
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nucleic acids (dna and rna) are polymers of nucleotides. the structural backbone of nucleic acids contains the following repeating pattern:
Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are polymers of nucleotides, the structural backbone of nucleic acids contains "Phosphate - Sugar - Phosphate - Sugar'' repeating pattern.
In both RNA and DNA, every nucleotide has the same basic structure. This structure consists of a phosphate group that is bonded to a pentose sugar via a phosphodiester bond and that is then connected to an organic base.
Ribose is found in RNA, and deoxyribose is found in DNA. Both of these sugars are pentoses. In DNA, the organic bases are A, G, C, and T; in RNA, they are A, G, C, and U. (adenine stands for adenine, guanine for guanine, cytosine for cytosine, thymine for thymine, and uracil for uracil). The structural backbone of nucleic acids contains "Phosphate - Sugar - Phosphate - Sugar'' repeating pattern.
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g match these phrases with the correct description group of answer choices black body radiation [ choose ] photon [ choose ] spectroscopy [ choose ] light [ choose ]
Option A, Black body radiation is related to photons.
A black body, is described as an ideal object that emits all frequencies of radiation. The spectra generated by this depends only on the temperature and not on the black body's composition. This happens because the black body wants to stay in thermal equilibrium. Black body radiations are explained with the help of following laws : Wien’s displacement law, Planck’s law and Stefan-Boltzmann law. Amongst these, the Planck's law states that energy emission (radiation) is not a continuous process, it takes place in discrete units or quanta of energy, the size of which involves a fundamental physical constant (Planck’s constant). These packets, called photons carry energy = hc/λ , where h = planck's constant, c = speed of light and λ = wavelength of radiation.
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Gaseous ammonia chemically reacts with oxygen gas to produce nitrogen monoxide gas and water vapor. Calculate the moles of oxygen needed to produce 1.6 mol of nitrogen monoxide. Be sure your answer has a unit symbol, if necessary, and round it to the correct number of significant digits.
2 moles of oxygen have been necessary to start producing 1.6 moles of nitrogen monoxide.
Describe nitrogen.Nitrogen, sometimes known as N, is an element that has no taste or color. Nitrogen can be found in the air we breathe, the liquids we drink, and the floor beneath our feet. In fact, nitrogen has been the most common element in the stratosphere, accounting up 78% of it.
How does nitrogen become made?The atomic number of the alkali metal nitrogen is seven, and its nucleus has seven protons. Single - molecule nitrogen is a chemical compound made up of two tightly bound nitrogen atoms (N2). Isolated nitrogen is a clear, odorless, unpalatable, and inert gas at ordinary temperatures and pressure.
The mole ratio,
O₂ : NO = 5:4
= 5 / 4 * 1.6
= 8 / 4
= 2 mol
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For granulocyte concentrations, all of the following lab tests must be performed on the unit by the donor center except? A.) ABO and RH
B.) Red Cell antibodies
C.) Infectious disease markers
D.) Lymphocyte enumeration
For granulocyte concentrations, all of the following lab tests must be performed on the unit by the donor center except lymphocyte enumeration.
Granulocytes are immune cells with granules (small particles) containing enzymes that are released during infections, allergic reactions, and asthma attacks. Granulocytes include neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. Granulocytes are specialized white blood cells. On the other hand, lymphocytes are a type of white blood cells (leukocytes) which are agranulocytes - meaning, that they lack presence of granules in their cytoplasm - they are not granulocytes. Lymphocytes constitute of B and T cells. Lymphocyte enumeration is an assay designed for enumerating the percent and absolute cell counts of lymphocyte subsets in lysed whole blood. Antibodies which are specific for certain cell surface antigens present on the lymphocytes, are labeled with fluorochromes. When whole blood sample and these labelled antibodies are added together, these antibodies bind to the targeted antigens on the lymphocytes. Following incubation, lysing and fixation, absolute count and percentage count are enumerated utilizing an internal quantitation standard.
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how many significant figures are in each of the following measured quantities? drag the appropriate items to their respective bins.
The rules for deciding which digits in a measurement are significant are as follows: Rule 1: All nonzero digits in a measurement are significant.
What are measured quantities?
In physics, there are seven fundamental physical quantities that are measured in base or physical fundamental units: length, mass, time, electric current temperature, amount of substance, and luminous intensity.Measured quantities are typically expressed in number (e.g door handles), length (e.g handrails, kerbs), area (e.g floor tiles, plaster), volume (e.g concrete) or weight (e.g gravel).In the International System I of Units, there are seven base units: kilogram, meter, candela, second, ampere, kelvin, and mole.The choice of which physical quantities are taken as fundamental is somewhat arbitrary, but the three usually selected are length, time, and mass.To learn more about quantities refers to:
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tra- 2.a: explain the relationship between the rate of a chemical reaction and experimental parameters
The pace at which reactants change into products is known as the rate of a chemical reaction. Several experimental factors, such as the following, have an impact on the pace of a chemical reaction:
. Temperature: As a reaction's temperature rises, the kinetic energy of the reactant molecules rises as well, increasing the possibility of successful collisions between reactant molecules. The reaction's rate rises as a result of this.
. Concentration: Increasing the amount of reactants in a process causes more molecules to collide with one another, which accelerates the reaction.
. Surface area: Increasing a solid reactant's surface area causes more molecules to collide with one another, speeding up the reaction.
. Catalyst: A catalyst is something that speeds up a chemical reaction without becoming eaten by it. By offering an alternative reaction pathway, it lowers the activation energy necessary for the reaction to happen.
. Pressure: Increasing the pressure of the reactants in gas-phase reactions causes more molecules to collide, which accelerates the reaction's pace.
Overall, there are many variables that might affect and complicate the link between the experimental parameters and the rate of a chemical reaction. One or more of these parameters can be altered to raise or reduce the rate of a reaction.
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the mass of a gas molecule (or atom) can be computed from the specific heat at constant volume cv. given that the specific heat of argon is cv
The mass of a gas molecule (or atom) can be computed from the specific heat at constant volume . The mass of the gas is 6.6 × 10⁻²³ kg. The molar mass of the is 39.74 g/mol
The specific heat at constant volume, cv = 0.075 cal/g °C.
Cv = ( 3/2) R = ( 3/2) ( 1.98) = 2.98 cal /mol K
The molar mass, M = m / n = Cv / cv
= 2.9805/0.075
=39.74 g/mol
The mass = molar mass / Na
The mass = 38.74 / 6.023 × 10²³
The mass = 6.6 × 10⁻²³ kg
This question is incomplete, the complete question is :
The mass of a gas molecule (or atom) can be computed from the specific heat at constant volume cv. given that the specific heat of argon is cv is 0.075 cal/g °C for a gas and calculate (a) the mass of its atom and (b) the molar mass.
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HELP PLEASE !
Stuart Wilkinson, the engineer of "Chew-Chew" said, "we stole the idea of eating food
from the biological world, but we are marrying that idea to useful robotic capabilities."
Which of the following would not be an application of Stuart Wilkinson's theory?
O
A. a garden cultivator that feeds on soil
B. a leaf mulcher that feeds on foliage
C. a lawn mower that feeds on grass clippings
D. a recycling truck that feeds on petroleum
E. a trash compactor that feeds on garbage
The following which would not be an application of Stuart Wilkinson's theory as regards marrying the idea of useful robotic capabilities in terms of eating food is a recycling truck that feeds on petroleum and is denoted as option D.
What is a Robot?This is referred to as a machine which is able to replicate certain human movements and functions automatically through the use of an external control device.
Since Stuart Wilkinson's theory intends to marry the idea of useful robotic capabilities in terms of eating food then a recycling truck that feeds on petroleum isn't accurate because petroleum isn't a source of food.
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1. observe : experiment with a hollow pipe of gold and a solid chunk of gold separating the flasks. compare how quickly heat is exchanged
The heat will remain constant.
Here, we know that both the bodies are made up of same material, hence its orientation will not affect its expansion.If you provide heat to a body or remove heat from a body, the temperature of that body will increase or decrease respectively.Change in temperature of the body depends upon the nature of its material and the amount of heat supplied.As both the bodies are of gold, the heat will remain constant.Go through the given link below to know more about heatheat:-
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Explain why the name shown below is incorrect for the compound MgCl,?
Name: Magnesium Dichloride
The name "Magnesium Dichloride" is incorrect for the compound MgCl2 because the compound is not composed of magnesium and chlorine only in a 1:1 ratio. The compound is actually composed of one Magnesium atom (Mg) and two Chlorine atoms (Cl2).
The correct name for the compound MgCl2 is Magnesium Chloride, which describes the chemical formula accurately. The prefix "di-" refers to two atoms and is used when there are two atoms of the same element in a compound, In this case, there are two chlorine atoms in MgCl2.
How does a magnetic field change as you move away from a magnet? At what point does it end?
Answer:
The strength of the magnetic field is inversely proportional to the distance from the current carrying conductor. That is, as the distance increases the magnetic field decreases.
Which statements about the periodic table are correct?
I. Elements in period 3 have similar chemical properties.
II. Elements in group 7 show a gradual change in physical properties.
III. The position of an element in period 3 is related to the number of electrons in the highest occupied energy level.
II. Elements in group 7 show a gradual change in physical properties.
III. The position of an element in period 3 is related to the number of electrons in the highest Occupied energy level.
About the periodic tableThe periodic table is a table that displays each chemical element in each system. These chemical elements have a very large number, with different properties, from one element to another.
The purpose of making the periodic table of elements is to recognize the element names of chemical particles easily through grouping.
The periodic system is also defined as an arrangement that displays various chemical elements based on their atomic number and similar chemical properties.
In grouping the periodic table, the physical and chemical properties of each of these elements have been outlined by chemists in the form of a table of elements.
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Below are some of the molecular orbitals for benzene. How many vertical nodal planes are there in each?
There are two vertical nodal planes in each of the molecular orbitals for benzene.
Molecular orbitals of benzeneThe molecular orbitals of benzene are composed of overlapping p orbitals of the carbon atoms. These molecular orbitals include:
The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO)Each of these molecular orbitals contains two vertical nodal planes, which are planes of zero electron probability that divide the orbital into two lobes. The vertical nodal planes occur perpendicular to the plane of the hexagonal ring of benzene, and they separate the two lobes of the orbital. The two lobes are of equal size, and they are located on opposite sides of the nodal plane. As a result, the two vertical nodal planes form a cross-sectional cut of the molecular orbital.
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Need help with this please
A 50.0 g sample of Fe at 100 degrees C is added to 500.0 mL of water at 35 degrees C in a perfectly insulated container. Which of the following statements is true?
A. The temperature of the water will decrease.
B. The temperature change of the Fe will have the same magnitude as the temperature change of the water.
C. The heat energy lost by the Fe will be less than the heat energy gained by the water.
D. The heat energy lost by the Fe will be equal to the heat energy gained by water.
On adding 50 g sample of iron at 100°C is added to 500 mL of water at 35°C in a perfectly insulated container, then the heat energy which is lost by iron will be equal to the heat energy which is gained by water.
When a particular system is isolated inside an insulated container, then the heat energy is transferred from the sample to the water and also to the container. According to the law of conservation of energy, the heat energy which is lost by the added sample is equal to the heat energy which is gained by the water as well as the container.
When 50g of iron sample at 100°C is added to 500mL water at 35°C in an insulated container, then the heat energy which is lost by the iron sample will be equal to the heat energy gained by the water.
Hence, the correct option is D. The heat energy which is lost by iron will be equal to the heat energy that is gained by water.
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162 grams of copper reacts with 17 grams of oxygen in order to produce copper (II) oxide in a synthesis reaction. How much copper (II) oxide is made
Answer: 179 grams
Explanation:
In a chemical reaction, the law of conservation of mass applies, meaning that the total mass of the reactants is equal to the total mass of the products. In this case, the reactants are 162 grams of copper and 17 grams of oxygen, and the product is copper (II) oxide. Using the balanced chemical equation 2Cu + O2 -> CuO, we know that 1 copper atom reacts with 1 oxygen molecule to form 1 copper oxide. Therefore, the mass of copper oxide produced is equal to mass of copper plus mass of oxygen, which is 162g + 17g = 179g.
the chemical characteristics of transported substances impact the type of diffusion that will be used by the cell. sort the following chemicals by the type of transport required to move them down their gradient.
The chemical characteristics of transported substances impact the type of diffusion that will be used by the cell.
What are the the chemical characteristics of transported substances ?
There are two main types of carrier-mediated transport systems: (1) Facilitated Diffusion and (2) Active Transport. Mediated transport has 3 key characteristics: a) specificity, b) saturation and c) competition.The types of substance transport across the cell membrane may be classified, by taking into account the size of the particles, into two categories: (a) macrotransport of relatively large quantities of solution, molecular complexes, or even other cells, and (b) microtransport of ions, small molecules and macromolecules.Transport across the plasma membrane occurs unaided in simple diffusion, i.e., molecules of gases such as carbon dioxide and oxygen, as well as small molecules like ethanol, enter the cell by crossing the cell membrane without the assistance of any permease.To learn more about Transport refers to:
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Given the following information about electronegativity, which binary compound would form covalent bonds with the greatest polarity?
A. HCl
B. LiF
C. H2S
D. AlH3
The electronegativity of the elements are as follows: H= 2.1, Li=1.0, S=2.5, Al=1.5, F=4.0, Cl=3.0
Difference In electronegativity =3.0-2.1 = 0.9
• For LiF,Difference in electronegativity = 4.0 - 1.0 = 3.0
. For hydrogen sulfide,Difference in electronegativity = 2.5-2.1 = 0.4
For aluminium hydride,Difference in electronegativity = 2.1-1.5 = 0.6
About Bond polarityNot all atoms attract electrons with the same force. The amount of "pull" an atom exerts on electrons is called electronegativity. Atoms with high electronegativity – such as fluorine, oxygen and nitrogen − exert a greater attraction for electrons than atoms with low electronegativity.
In a bond, this causes an unequal sharing of electrons between atoms, as the electrons will be attracted towards the atom with the higher electronegativity.
Since electrons have a negative charge, the unequal sharing of electrons in bonds leads to the formation of an electric dipole: the separation of positive and negative electric charges. Because the number of charges separated in the dipole is usually less than the elementary charges, they are called partial charges, denoted as δ+ (delta plus) and δ− (delta minus).
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when a 9.55 g sample of solid sodium hydroxide dissolves in 100g of water in a coffee cup caliometry
The delta H (in KJ/mole NaOH) for the solution (9.55g sample of solid NaOH (sodium hydroxide) dissolves in 100g of calorimeter in coffee-cup calorimeter, the temperature rises from 23.6 to 47.4 Celsius.) process = 31,204 kJ/mol
The specific heat capacity of a material is defined as the amount of heat (J) absorbed per unit mass (kg) when its temperature rises 1 K (or 1 °C), and its units are J/(kg K) or J/(kg °C).
Specific heat of water = 4.18 J/g °C
The total mass = 100 + 9.55 = 109.55 g
To determine the heat, use equation:
Q = mCΔT
Where:
Q = heat energy (Joule)
m = mass (kg)
C = specific heat (J/g°C)
ΔT = change in temp (°C)
Q = (109.55) x (4.18) x (47.4 - 23.6)
= 10,898 Joule
Moles of NaOH: mass / molar mass
= 9.55 / (23 + 16 + 1)
= 0.23
Enthalpy of reaction:
7177 / 0.23 = 31,204 kJ/mol NaOH
So, delta H (in KJ/mole NaOH) for the solution process = 31,204 kJ/mol
The question is incomplete, it should be:
When 9.55g sample of solid NaOH (sodium hydroxide) dissolves in 100g of calorimeter in coffee-cup calorimeter, the temperature rises from 23.6 to 47.4 Celsius. Calculate Delta H (in KJ/mole NaOH) for the solution process. Assume that the specific heat of the solution is the same as that of pure water.
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we can remember swimming in december, heading for the city lights in 1975, we share in each other, nearer than farther, the scent of a lemon drips from your eyes we are the people that rule the world. a force running in every boy and girl, all rejoicing in the world, take me now, we can try. we lived an adventure loved in the summer, followed the sun till night reminiscing other times of life, for each every other the feeling was stronger, the shock hit eleven got lost in your eyes i can't do well when i t
"We Are The Sun". Child looking at the moon. Just looks like the sun. These are the days. Some things don't change.
Summer, followed the sun till night reminiscing other times of life?
The song was also used in the 2011 films The Roommate and Hall Pass, as well as in episode 11 of season 6 of Entourage.Based on J. G. Ballard's autobiographical novel, tells the story of a boy, James Graham, whose privileged life is upturned by the Japanese invasion of Shanghai, December 8, 1941. Separated from his parents, he is eventually captured, and taken to Soo Chow confinement camp, next to a captured Chinese airfield.Empire of the Sun are an Australian electronic music duo formed in 2007. The duo is a collaboration between Luke Steele, of alternative rock band The Sleepy Jackson, and Nick Littlemore, of electronic dance band Pnau.
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Which pair shares the same empirical formula?
A) c2h2 and c6h6
B) c2h2 and c2h4
C) ch2 and c6h6
D) ch and c2h4
Answer: a. C2H2 C 2 H 2 and C6H6 C 6 H 6
Explanation:
The pair with the same ratio will have the same empirical formula. a. C2H2 C 2 H 2 has a 1:1 ratio, and C6H6 C 6 H 6 also has a 1:1 ratio. Therefore, this pair shares the same empirical formula.
identify the correct statement below. multiple choice you are not allowed to eat, but you can drink beverages in the lab. it is alright to bring a beverage into the lab as long as it is kept closed. food and beverages should never be consumed or brought into the lab. you are allowed to eat on the lab bench as long as you sterilize it with ethanol first.
You are not permitted to eat in the lab, but you may consume beverages. Eating and drinking are permitted in the laboratory as long as there are no open cultures on the bench top.
A laboratory is a controlled environment in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurements can be carried out. Laboratory services are available in a variety of settings, including doctors' offices, clinics, hospitals, and regional and national referral centres.
The various requirements of the specialists working within laboratories determine the organisation and content of laboratories. A physics laboratory might have a particle accelerator or a vacuum chamber, whereas a metallurgy laboratory might have equipment for casting, refining, or testing metal strength. A wet laboratory may be used by a chemist or biologist, whereas a psychologist's laboratory may be a room with one-way mirrors and hidden cameras to observe behaviour.
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which of the following diagrams represent a bonding molecular orbital? please choose all correct answers.
The given diagram represents the bonding molecular orbital with 2 pi bonds overlapping laterally.
The bonding orbital term is used in the molecular orbital theory or the MO theory which is used to describe the attractive interactions which occur between the atomic orbitals of two or more than two atoms in a molecule.
There are two types of molecular orbitals namely the bonding molecular orbitals and the antibonding molecular orbitals. Bonding molecular orbitals are types of molecular orbitals which are involved in the formation of the chemical bonds whereas the antibonding molecular orbitals are the orbitals which contain the electrons that are present outside the region which is there between two atomic nuclei.
In the given diagram, there is a lateral overlap of two pi bonding molecular orbitals.
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HELPPPP
Air flows according to differences in thermal energy.
If a warm air mass is located in the southwest United States and a cold air mass is located in the southeast United States, from which direction will the winds blow?
south
north
west
east
IT WAS WEST
The wind is going to move to the west due to convection.
Why would the wind blow west?We have to know something about the convection current of a fluid. Let us note that when convection is taking place, there would be the movement of the warm fluid upwards while the cool fluid would move downwards.
We are told that a warm air mass is located in the southwest United States and a cold air mass is located in the southeast United States.
This is why there would be the movement of the warm air mass towards the west and this is due to the convection of the air mass as discussed here.
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For each of the iron measurements, use the data You collected during te experiment to record the quantities in the table below Remember to pay attention t0 significant figures pnd record all masses and volumes with all the decimals provided by the lab Toal volume of water plus iron (mL) 30.64 ml 31.27 31.91 32,54 83 18 Toalmass of iron in the cylinder (g) 89.000 94.000 99.000 104.000 409.000 3 For each of the aluminum measurements, use the data you collected during the experimentto record the quantities in the table below. Remember to pay attention t0 signmicant igures and Tecord all masses and volumes with all the decimals provided by the lab Toll volume 01 water plus aluminum (mL) 31.85 33.70 35.56 37.1 39.26 Joa1 mess ofaluminum in the cylinder (g) 89.0oQ 94.Q00 99.000 404.000 102 00 Data Analysis IFor each of the iron mpaciirements Mse the dat? von coliected dirinothapydarinaokia DiZhG % SPAN 1205 WORDS RoweRAD BikmmR'
The volume of a liquid can be directly measured with specialized glassware, typically in units of milliliters (mL) or liters (L).
Define volume of iron?
If the metal is awkwardly shaped, you can calculate the volume using the displacement method. Fill a beaker half-way and record the volume of water. Insert the metal into the water and record the new volume of water. Subtract the initial volume of water from the final volume to determine the volume of the metal.The density of iron ρ is mass/volume, and the density is 7.874g/cm^3. So the volume of iron is v = m/ρ, or in words, the volume of iron is the mass divided by the density, 7.874g/cm^3Iron is used to make alloy steels like carbon steels with additives such as nickel, chromium, vanadium, tungsten, and manganese. These are used to make bridges, electricity pylons, bicycle chains, cutting tools and rifle barrels. Cast iron contains 3–5% carbon. It is used for pipes, valves, and pumps.To learn more about iron refers to:
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Concentration of the tubular filtrate by the countercurrent mechanism is dependent on all of the following except:A. High salt concentration in the medullaB. Water-impermeable walls of the ascending loop of HenleC. Reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the ascending loop of HenleD. Active transport reabsorption of sodium and glucose in the proximal convoluted tubule
The concentration of tubular filtrate by counter current is the mechanism that is depend on all of the given option but except D. Active transport reabsorption of sodium and glucose in the proximal convoluted tubule.
The counter current mechanism depends on the following :
A. The High salt concentration in the medulla.
B. The Water-impermeable walls of the ascending loop of the Henle.
C. The Reabsorption of the sodium and the chloride from the ascending loop of the Henle.
Thus the correct option that counter current mechanism not dependent on is D. Active transport reabsorption of sodium and glucose in the proximal convoluted tubule.
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to complete the following biochemical reaction, how much dissolved oxygen in mg/l is needed for a solution containing 1 mg/l of ch2o?
In the following biochemical reaction, the dissolved oxygen in mg/l is needed for the solution containing 1 mg/l of CH₂O is 1 mg /L.
The reaction is given as :
CH₂O + O₂ ----> CO₂ + H₂O
The molar mass of CH₂O = 30 g/mol
The molar mass of O₂ = 32 g /mol
1 mole of O₂ react with 1 mole of CH₂O
30 g CH₂O react with 32 O₂
so, 1 mg / L of CH₂O require = (32 / 30 ) × 1 mg/L
1 mg / L of CH₂O require = 1.0 mg/L of oxygen.
Thus, the oxygen needed is 1.0 mg/L .
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