A 30-year-old male demonstrated a subtle onset of the following symptoms: dull facial expression; droopy eyelids; puffiness of the face and periorbital swelling; sparse, dry hair; dry, scaly skin; evidence of intellectual impairment; lethargy; a change of personality; bradycardia (60 b/min) low range of normal; a blood pressure of 90/70 low BP; anemia low iron – cant transport O through body very well(hematocrit 27); enlarged heart (upon radiological exam); constipation, and hypothermia. Plasma concentrations of total and free T4 and T3 follow:
Radioimmunoassay (RIA) of peripheral blood indicated elevated TSH levels. A TSH stimulation test did not increase the output of thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland.

a. What endocrine organ is involved here?
b. Is this a primary or secondary disorder? Why? (Is a TSH or TRH determination necessary for your diagnosis?)
c. Describe the feedback loop involved, indicating if there is an increased or decreased TSH level.
d. List several defects that could cause these symptoms.
e. Would you expect to find a palpable goiter? Explain your answer.
f. Describe a suitable treatment for this individual.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Thyroid gland is the endocrine gland that is involved here.

2. TSH stimulation test did not show an increase in the output of thyroid hormones secreted from thyroid glands which makes it a primary disorder. The determination of TSH or TRH gives an idea about hypothyroidism if it is due to feedback inhibition of the pituitary or absence of TSH hormone from the pituitary, however, Circulating levels of TRH not necessary.

3.  The feedback loop involves the following:

TRH hormone secreted from the hypothalamus triggers the anterior pituitary to secret TSH that in turn triggers the relapsing of the T3 and T4 levels by the thyroid glands. If there is a low level of T3 and T4 hormones then negative feedback takes place and increases the TSH output.

4.  symptoms:

Not able to uptake the iodide into the cells of the thyroid gland

Defects in the conversion of iodide to iodine

tyrosine molecule iodization

secretion of the hormones from the Tg molecules

Less TSH receptors on the gland.

5.  The chronic TSH stimulation due to negative feedback may cause hypertrophy of the gland, results in goiter formation.

6. synthetic hormone therapy is known as Synthroid such asT4 (L-thyroxine).


Related Questions

Why are all of us considered scientists to some extent?
O A. Everyone has questions about the natural world.
O B. Everyone writes and tests hypotheses.
O C. Everyone takes measurements and collects data.
O D. Everyone performs scientific experiments.

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

well most of these are ture (Only due to school) the one answer that would apply to people outside of a school setting it A

How are astronomers able to determine what elements are found in other stars and galaxies?

Answers

Answer:

This type of study is called spectroscopy. The science of spectroscopy is quite sophisticated. From spectral lines astronomers can determine not only the element, but the temperature and density of that element in the star. The spectral line also can tell us about any magnetic field of the star.

Explanation:

The bonds that link many water molecules together to form a water drop are:

ionic
nuclear
covalent
hydrogen​

Answers

Answer:

covalent

Explanation:

covalent bonds occur when two atoms-in this case oxygen and hydrogen share electrons with each other

I NEED HELP ASSAP


how can you tell whether two magnets will attract eachother, repel eachother, or both

plz explain in a few sentences​

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

there is a positive side and a negitive side to magnets two of the same side of the magnet will repel oppisites will attract

positive+positive=repel

positive+negitive=atract

Answer:

attract: when two magnets will attract, S and N will be facing each other

repel: when two magnets will repel, S and S or N and N will face each other

both: when two magnets will attract and repel, the magnets won't be placed in the same way. N will be facing the middle of both S and N or S will be facing the middle of N and S

Explanation:

this is what i learned i hope it's right if not i didn't say nothing

the structure labeled A in the figure below is called the

Answers

Answer:

Centromere

Explanation:

Connects sister chromatids

The structure labelled A in the figure is a centromere.

What is a centromere?

The centromere is a region of the chromosome that is constricted. The centromere plays an important role in the division of cells during both the processes of mitosis and meiosis.

The centromere is simply the region of the chromosome where the spindle fibres attach. Therefore, when the spindle fibres attach to the centromere, they pull the sister chromatics in the opposite directions of the cell during cell division.

Thus, at the end of the cell division, each of the daughter cells gets one-half of the chromosome containing identical DNA. The centromere is thought to be the middle region of the chromosome, even though it is often not in the middle. It is simply the region where the chromosomes are most constricted

The centromere separates the chromosome into the P arm and the Q arm. These are simply the names given to the short arm and the long arm of the human chromosome respectively.

Read more about centromere, here

https://brainly.com/question/19339239

#SPJ2

How “Competition in an ecosystem” is playing a role in life?

Answers

competition plays a very important role in ecology and evolution. The best competitors are the ones who survive and get to pass on their genes.

Describe the connection between limiting factors and invasive spicies

Answers

Some examples of limiting factors are biotic, like food, and mates. Limiting factors can affect the populations of both plant and animal species. An invasive species is an organism that is not indigenous, or native, to a particular area.

Answer: factors that limit a population size are limiting factors. Biotic potential is the amount of organisms that could be supported in an ecosystem if plenty of resources were available. Factors that cause a population to increase are 1)births: the number of births in a population in a certain period of time. 2) immigration: when organisms move INTO a population.

Explanation:

some examples of limiting factors are natural hazards, amount of food, amount/quality of water and air, predators deforestation.

What characteristics make dna a polymer ?

Answers

First of all DNA is a polymer made from four different monomers , called nucleotides . These join together in different combinations to make long strands. In a DNA molecule , two strands wrap around each other to form a double helix structure.

Why are normally unseen members of the food web, such as soil microorganisms, essential to the nitrogen cycle?

Answers

Answer: Why are normally unseen members of the food web, such as soil microorganisms, essential to the nitrogen cycle? ... Since not all organisms can utilize the nitrogen gas directly, these microorganisms convert nitrogen in different nitrogen compounds, such as ammonia, nitrites, and nitrates. In this article we explore how nitrogen is cycled and the important role of microbes in this cycle. ... Nitrogen is required by all living organisms for the synthesis of organic molecules such as amino acids, nucleic acids and proteins. The Earth's atmosphere contains almost 80% nitrogen gas

Bacteria play a central role:

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which convert atmospheric nitrogen to nitrates.

Bacteria of decay, which convert decaying nitrogen waste to ammonia.

Nitrifying bacteria, which convert ammonia to nitrates/nitrites.

Denitrifying bacteria, which convert nitrates to nitrogen gas.

Explanation:

Why is it important for others to believe in science

Answers

Answer:

because science is one of the most important channels of knowledge

Explanation:

because of science you can create a new knowledge, improving education, and increasing the quality of our lives.

I hope it can help.

You have isolated a new single gene mutation in zebrafish you call Casper because the mutant fish are clear (no pigments in the scales). You perform the following crosses: Cross Progeny Wild type X Casper 20 clear, 19 normal Casper X Casper 21 clear, 10 normal a. You notice that each cross produced a similar number of clear offspring but different number of normal offspring. What is going on here

Answers

Answer and Explanation:

Due to technical problems, you will find the complete answer and explanation in the attached files

Eating food is an example of which type of energy?

a. Thermal energy
b. Mechanical Energy
c. Radiant Energy
d. Chemical Energy

Answers

Answer:

chemical energy

Explanation:

we get this from food which pur bodies use as fuels to do things like running,talking,etc

What is a subduction zone and a transform boundary?

Answers

a transform fault or transform boundary is a fault along a plate boundary where the motion is predominantly horizontal. it ends abruptly where it connects to another plate boundary, either another transform, a spreading ridge, or a subduction zone.

What is the answer The nucleus or large central vacuole contains
genetic material of a eukaryotic cell.

Answers

Yes that’s it absolutely

The neurotransmitter thought to be involved in learning and memory is:
1) acetylcholine.
2) norepinephrine.
3) glutamate.
4) glycine
5)GABA

Answers

It is Acetoylcholine

1. Populations do not permanently remain at carrying capacity T/F

Answers

What’s the question

Number 8. was colorblind just like his father: Where did the son at 8 get his allele for colorblindness?

Answers

Answer:

son 8 inherited it from her.

Explanation:

Given that Son 8's mother is a carrier of the blindness allele

Assuming that the father is colorblind due to a genetic mutation, there are a few possible scenarios for how the son inherited the allele for colorblindness.

What is genetic inheritance?

Genetic inheritance is the study of how certain inherited traits are passed down from generation to generation.

Assuming the father is colorblind due to a genetic mutation, there are a few possibilities for how the son inherited the colorblind allele:

His father's colorblindness allele was passed down to his son. The son in this case inherited the mutation from his father.The mother carries the colorblindness allele, which she passed on to her son. In this case, the son inherited the mutation from his mother, who is not colorblind but carries the gene.The colorblindness mutation is present in both the mother and father, and the son received one copy from each parent. This is a less likely scenario, but it is possible if both parents carry the gene.

Thus, in any of these scenarios, the son inherited the allele for colorblindness from one or both of his parents.

For more details regarding inheritance, visit:

https://brainly.com/question/29679846

#SPJ2

In the oceans on either side of the Isthmus of Panama are 30 species of snapping shrimp, 15 species on the Pacific side and 15 different species ch the Atlantic sid. See different water depths. Morphological and genetic data show that Atlantic and Pacific species that live at similar depths are sister species. Geological evidence indicates that the Isthmus of Panama started rising about 10 million years ago and the oceans were completely separated by the stimus about 3 million years ago. If the geological evidence has been misinterpreted and the isthmus had formed very rapidly in less than 1,000 years), which of the following predictions is most likely?
A. greater percentage of difference in DNA sequences between sister species that inhabit deep water than between sister species that inhabt stalow water
B. greater percentage of difference in DNA sequences between sister species that inhabit shallow water than between sister species that inhabit deep water
C. similar percentages of difference in DNA sequences between all pairs of sister species
D. greater percentage of difference in DNA sequences between Atlantic species than between Pacific species

Answers

Answer:

The answer is "Choice A".

Explanation:

The Panama isthmus is indeed a patch of land which separates its sea from its Atlantic ocean to The pacific in two halves. The Panama Isthmus allows spreading the seafood applicable state, although due to geographical barrier, the very same turtle species were isolated. Its deep squirrels of liquid are diverged quite early as being against shallow water shrimps which are characterized by the rising of the Jamaica isthmus, first off the island can be crossed until it was closed through shallow water prawns and shallow-water animals. If Panama's black sea was established less than 1000 years, it has a greater effect on deepwater shrimp and very low water lobsters. Consequently, in water depth prawns, a disparity in hereditary degree (DNA) is higher than in shallow species. The deep waters have been affected earlier so the variation in DNA sequences throughout all sister species will not be the same.

What are general traits of a specialist species?

Answers

Answer:

fvgvurhufv

Explanation:

Context is needed to help answer your question

what is peace and conflict??​

Answers

Peace and conflict studies is a social science field that identifies and analyzes violent and nonviolent behaviours as well as the structural mechanisms attending conflicts (including social conflicts), with a view towards understanding those processes which lead to a more desirable human condition.

matter and energy move through ecosystems between different organisms. how does matter travel through an ecosystem and through earths spheres?​

Answers

Answer: In ecosystems, matter and energy are transferred from one form to another. Matter refers to all of the living and nonliving things in that environment. Nutrients and living matter are passed from producers to consumers, then broken down by decomposers. Decomposers break down dead plant and animal matter.

Explanation:

The poles of a solenoid can be reversed by

Answers

by reversing the direction of the current.

During what phase of meiosis does sister chromatids align at the equator?

Answers


During metaphase II, the centromeres of the paired chromatids align along the equatorial plate in both cells. Then in anaphase II, the chromosomes separate at the centromeres. The spindle fibers pull the separated chromosomes toward each pole of the cell.

Which of the following would NOT be considered an agricultural pest?

an insect chewing holes in leaves
a dog lying among the crops
a rabbit eating growing vegetables
a mole digging tunnels beneath the crops

Answers

Answer:

A dog lying among crop

Explanation:

A insect, and mole are considered pest. And a rabbit eating growing vegetables, well if the rabbit eats the growing vegetables then there not growing.

Answer:  The correct answer is a dog lying among the crops

Explanation:  This answer has been confirmed correct.

A dog is a pet and is not causing damage to the crops. The other three options are all harming the plants (chewing, eating, and digging tunnels).

Through what process can scientists artificially change the DNA code of organisms?
A)DNA fingerprinting
B)Polymerase Chain Reaction
C)Cloning
D)Recombinant DNA

Answers

Answer:

cloning is the right answer

Through Recombinant DNA scientists can artificially change the DNA code of organisms.

What is recombinant DNA?

Recombinant DNA is a term used to describe the process of creating new combinations of DNA from different sources. This is done by cutting DNA molecules from different sources and joining them together, creating a recombinant molecule.

This process is often used in biotechnology for applications such as creating new vaccines, improving crop yields, and producing therapeutic proteins. Recombinant DNA technology plays a crucial role in many areas of modern biology and medicine, including genetic engineering, gene therapy, and drug discovery.

Learn more about recombinant DNA, here:

https://brainly.com/question/18537492

#SPJ6


You have a strand of DNA with 5 nucleotides on each side for a total of 10 nucleotides. 4 of the nucleotides are adenine.

pls help

Answers

Answer:

According to Chargaff’s rule, the amount of adenine is always equal to that of thymine and the amount of guanine is always equal to that of cytosine. A = T(120), G = C(120) The total number of nucleotides would be 120 × 4 = 480.

Your teacher gives you a task in science class. You must decide which of the five samples you are given are alive or were once alive. One specimen is a crust gray-green object. What is the BEST clue you could use to decide: living thing or not a living thing.

A) Does it move?
B) Does it have DNA?
C) Is it made of cells?
D) Can it make its own food?

Answers

The best clue that can be used to decide living thing or not a living thing is the observation of living or dead cells present in the specimen. All the living or dead organisms exhibit cells. Cell is a structural and functional unit of life. The growth and metabolism of living organism are dependent upon a cell. A cell in a life form exhibit organelles and components which are not found in non-living objects

The BEST clue you could use to decide: living thing or not a living thing- is option C. is it made of cells and

The living things have some basic characteristic features of life in them that help in determining if an object or thing is living or nonliving thing. these characteristic can be present in all or some, are as follows:

Cellular organization - made of cell is very basic trait of life of every living being.the ability to reproduce - it is present in almost every living thing it could be sexual or asexual.growth & development - living things grow and developenergy use - use energy to perform various functionshomeostasis - regulate according the environmentGenetic material : it can have DNA as genetic material

thus, there is two options only that present in every living organism that are made of cells and presence of DNA, but for DNA one need to investigate thoroughly so the correct answer is - C) Is it made of cells?

Learn more about characteristic of life:

https://brainly.com/question/16872273

When water seeps into the ground the hydrosphere is interacting with what sphere?

Answers

Answer:

When water falls and seeps into the ground it actually interacts with the lithosphere

A cell has two pairs of submetacentric chromosomes, which we will call chromosomes Ia, Ib, IIa, and IIb (chromosomes Ia and Ib are homologs, and chromosomes IIa and IIb are homologs). Allele M is located on the long arm of chromosome Ia, and allele m is located at the same position on chromosome Ib. Allele P is located on the short arm of chromosome Ia, and allele p is located at the same position on chromosome Ib. Allele R is located on chromosome IIa and allele r is located at the same position on chromosome Ib. Allele G is located on the long arm (q arm) of chromosome Ia, and allele g is located at the same position on chromosome Ib. Allele N is located on the q arm of chromosome IIa and allele n is located at the same position of chromosome IIb.

Required:
a. Draw these chromosomes, identifying genes R, r, G, g, N, and n as they might appear in metaphase I of meiosis. Assume there is no crossing over.
b. Taking independent assortment and the subsequent random separation of chromosomes in anaphase I, draw the chromosomes, with genes identified, present in all possible gametes that could result once this cell completes meiosis. As above, assume there is no crossing over. Explain in your own words what is meant by independent assortment.

Answers

Answer:

Note: You will find the chromosomes and the gametes in the attached files

Chromosomes:

IA    ----------G-----о---------IB     -----------g-----о----------IIA    --------N--------------о------R----IIB   ---------n--------------о-------r----      

Gametes:

Gamete 1:  GNR          Gamete 2: Gnr            Gamete 3: gNRGamete 4: gnr

Independent assortment occurs when the alleles of two or more different genes distribute in the gametes independently from each other.

Explanation:

Available data:

two pairs of submetacentric chromosomes

IA     -------------------о-----------

IB     -------------------о-----------

IIA    ----------- ------------о------------

IIB    ------------------------о------------

chromosomes Ia and Ib are homologs

IA     -------------------о-----------

IB     -------------------о-----------

chromosomes IIa and IIb are homologs

IIA    -----------------------о------------

IIB    ------------------------о------------

Allele M is located on the long arm of chromosome Ia, and allele m is located at the same position on chromosome Ib

IA     -------M----------о-----------

IB     -------m----------о-----------

Allele P is located on the short arm of chromosome Ia, and allele p is located at the same position on chromosome Ib.

IA     -------M----------о------P---

IB     -------m----------о------p----

Allele R is located on chromosome IIa and allele r is located at the same position on chromosome IIb.

IIA    ------------------------о------R----

IIB    ------------------------о-------r----

Allele G is located on the long arm (q arm) of chromosome Ia, and allele g is located at the same position on chromosome Ib.

IA     -------M---G-----о------P---

IB     -------m----g-----о------p----

Allele N is located on the q arm of chromosome IIa and allele n is located at the same position of chromosome IIb.

IIA    --------N--------------о------R----

IIB    ---------n--------------о-------r----

A). Draw these chromosomes, identifying genes R, r, G, g, N, and n as they might appear in metaphase I of meiosis. Assume there is no crossing over.

IA     ----------G-----о---------

IB     -----------g-----о----------

IIA    --------N--------------о------R----

IIB    ---------n--------------о-------r----

During metaphase I, homologous pairs together migrate to the equatorial plane, where they randomly aline with their kinetochores facing opposite poles. The random arrangement of tetrads is different in every cell going through the meiosis process. There is no equal alinement between two cells. When tetrads aline in the equatorial plane, there is no predetermined order for each of the homologous chromosomes of each tetrad to face one of the poles and then migrate to it while separating. Any chromosome of the homologous pair might face any of the poles and then migrate to it. Each of the chromosomes has two possibilities for orientation at the plane. When the new haploid cells are formed, the number of variations in each cell is also different and depends on the chromosomes that form that cell. This random order in the equatorial plane is what introduces variation into the gametes. It is almost impossible that two gametes resulting from meiosis will get the same genetic charge.

B). Taking independent assortment and the subsequent random separation of chromosomes in anaphase I, draw the chromosomes, with genes identified, present in all possible gametes that could result once this cell completes meiosis. As above, assume there is no crossing over. Explain in your own words what is meant by independent assortment.

Independent assortment occurs when the alleles of two or more different genes distribute in the gametes independently from each other. In other words, a gamete receives an allele from a gene that does not depend on nor influence the allele of another gene in the same gamete. This can only be applied to independent genes. An organism gets only one of the members of the chromatids pair of each parent.

During gamete formation in meiosis, the pairs of homologous chromosomes separate after crossing over, and then chromatids sisters also separate, resulting in the formation of four gametes. Each gamete has different information from the combination of homologous chromosomes belonging to the father and to the mother.

There are four possible combinations, considering that there is no crossing over.

Gamete 1:   GNRGamete 2: GnrGamete 3: gNRGamete 4: gnr

What enzyme is used to break down bacteria

Answers

CAZymes is the correct answer
Other Questions
Select the equation of the line of symmetry shown at the graph.Answer choices:X=3Y=3X=4X=2 suppose that the population of deer in a state is 16,000 and is growing 1%each year Predict population after 6 years If someone said to you, Pseudocode is a waste of time! Its just more work because you end up writing the same program twice, how would you explain the benefits of pseudocode? GUYS HELP ME.. plEASEEEEEA street performer stands motionless on a column that measures 0.5 m by 0.5 m. If the performer weighs 900 N, what pressure does the performer exert on the pavement below? The area of a circle is 641 ft2. What is the circumference, in feet? Express youranswer in terms of What is the value of z in the equation 2(4z 3 1) = 166 46?I know that 166-46 is 120 but i get stuck on the distributive property part. I end up with 8z-2. Also I will give brainliest. Which of the following answers is NOT correct with regard to convection currents?A. Convection currents in magma drive plate tectonics.B.Convection currents in magma are a result of density differences.C. Convection currents play a role in the movement of Earths inner core.D. Convection currents in magma are caused by temperature differences. whats the answer ??? Colin presents his findings in class. His topic -- stories addressing effects of white flour on a person's health features scientific terminology and descriptions of complex bodily functions. Colin was unsure of the best way to present this information, but Ms. Anderson helped him decide on some useful tools. Colin breaks down the material with analogies, definitions, and visual aids. He can tell his classmates are following along, as they nod in agreement during these points of his presentation Match the description of public speaking with the type of supporting material it features. Analogy . The owner of a local coffee shop hangs up a map showing the countries the shop purchases its coffee from Definition B. A professor asks his students to read the poem as if they are reading poetry for the very first time. C. A politician reminds his audience that he won 67% of the vote in the last election Visual Demonstration D. A film director describes the differences between documentary and fictional films to accoun of The coordinates of the vertices of triangles OPQ are O(0,0) P(4,0) and Q(2,-4). Triangles OPQ is dilated with center O and scale factor 3/2. Sketch the dilation. What quadrants contain the image of triangle OPQ? PLEASE HELP ME What aspects of history are referred to in the poem V-Day Be Me-Day Too?? Cite from the text (the poem). Lucas Industries uses departmental overhead rates to allocate its manufacturing overhead to jobs. The company has two departments: Assembly and Sanding. The Assembly Department uses a departmental overhead rate of $50 per machine hour, while the Sanding Department uses a departmental overhead rate of $15 per direct labor hour. Job 603 used the following direct labor hours and machine hours in the two departments: Assembly Actual results Direct labor hours used Machine hours used The cost for direct labor is $30 per direct labor hour and the cost of the direct materials used by Job 603 is $1,400. How much manufacturing ovehead would be allocated to Job 603 using the departmental overhead rates? A. $610 B. $330 C. $580 D. $740 The sum of all the potential energy and kinetic energy is an object is equal to its______due today pls help! :( Which worm shown is most likely a segmented worm? 1.Do you know the reason____ there are no penguins at the narth poleA.whoB.whosec.whichd.wheree.whom2.my grandfather remembers the time___there was no television.A.whob.whosec.whichd.wheree.whom3.The school___is going to hire the bus has already paid for the depositA.whob.whosec.whichd.wheree.whom4.The woman__husband is football player always complains about the stains___never come off easily.a.who/whichb.whose/whichc.which/whichd.which/whosee.whom/whose5.while boomerangs have been worldwide.the warliest specimens date back 10,000years to australia,___the best and most elaborate boomerangs are still mode.a.whichb.of whichc.whend.wheree.who6.Dyslexia___is common among asians.is reading disorder that goes on even with good schooling and normal or even above-average intelligence.that affects up to one in five schoolchildren in the us.a.whichb.whatc.whered.thet7.snowflakes___an infinite variety of shapes.a. that exhibitb. in exhibitingc. exhibite. where exhibit8. This kind professor always gives assistance to___during his lecture.a. whoever needs some help or suggestionsb.whomever needs helps and suggestionsc.who needing some helps with suggestionsd.whoever is needed some help or suggestione.whomever that are needing some hepls or suggstions Elizabeth and McKenna are going to the county fair on free student admission night. Elizabeth and McKenna will be able to get in the fair for free however the fair charges $2 per ride. The girls want to know how many ride they can ride and how much will it cost them. Whats the independent and dependent variables ?!?!! Suppose the radius of a circle is three units what is the circumference Mrs. Norton wants to buy health insurance for her family, Plan A costs $620.50 per month. Plan B costs $597.20 per month. How much will she save in 12 months by choosing Plan B instead ofPlan A?A $7,446.00 B $7,166.40C $320.60D $279.60 Solve for a Pythagorean theorem Find the area of a square with sides of length 1 /3 yard. pls help